دانلود کتاب A Planetary Economy

فهرست مطالب :

Foreword Contents About the Author Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Introduction References Part I: An Economy on a Crowded Planet Chapter 1: The Economy’s Coevolution with Nature It’s an Economy, Jim, But Not as We Know It Nature and the Economy as Complex, Hierarchical systems What Is the Economy For? How the Economy Became So Large Population Material Intensity of the Economy Size of the Economy Relative to Nature Material Efficiency of the Economy Role of Money and Credit in Economic Expansion Role of Belief Systems Prospects We Have the Physical Technology But Not the Social Technology The Far Future References Chapter 2: Economic Worldviews: Modernity and Its Alternatives A Brief History of Human Attitudes Toward Nature Detachment and Reattachment Western Epistemology and Ontology From the Medieval to the Mechanistic From the Mechanistic to the Integrative and Beyond Deep Ecology Ecosophy: Personal Norms Ecophilosophy Commentary Future Societies: A Brief Survey Utopia by Thomas More ‘Conserver’ Societies, Ecotopias and Planetarianism Conserver Societies and Ecotopias Planetarianism Discussion and Critique Future Market Economies References Part II: Requirements for a Planetary Economy 1.1 Overview of Part II Chapter 3: Normative Requirements Perceptions of Nature Normative Requirements Regarding Nature Attitudes Toward the Economy Individualism vs. Collectivism and the Satisfaction of Wants Attitudes Toward Value Attitudes Toward the Market Attitudes Toward Growth and Stability Normative Requirements Regarding the Economy References Chapter 4: Institutional Challenges and Legal Institutions Institutional Challenges Who Protects the Right to Life-support? From Tragedy of the Commons to Triumph of the Commons Legal and Economic Agency for Nature The Planetary Sector A Planetary Trust Requirements for Legal Institutions References Chapter 5: Political Institutions Governmental Foundations for a Stable Economy Political Globalization Whither the Nation-State? A Global Governance Council Structure and Membership Functions Measurement, Verification, Reporting and Communication Oversight of a Planetary Trust Relationship to Other Transnational Organizations Establishment and Growth Direct Participatory Democracy by Sortition Cross-representation Evolution of Political Institutions Requirements for Governmental Institutions References Chapter 6: Corporate and Financial Institutions Corporate Structure and Ownership Limited Liability and Corporate Personhood To Profit or Not to Profit? The Convertible Corporation The Business Entity of the Far Future Role of Publicly Owned Corporations Financial Institutions for a Planetary Economy Appendix: Corporations from Early History to the Present Day A Brief History of the Corporation World’s Largest Corporations by Category References Chapter 7: Policy Development Policy Development in the Face of Uncertainty Social Selection as Driving Force for Policy Start Small Grow from There Role of the Market in Economic Policymaking Legal and Regulatory Processes Government Regulation Government Regulation as Economic Guidance Synergy of Government and Markets References Chapter 8: Requirements for Economic Policies Summary of Policy Requirements Policies for Natural Capacity Stewardship of Real Property Agency for Nature Through Property Retitling Government Operations for Natural Capacity Policies for Individuals and Corporations Policy Options for Material Discipline Commons Rent Recycling Through a Planetary Trust Tax-Shifting Policies for Widespread Prosperity Distributional Equity, Wealth and Prosperity Absolute Poverty and Relative Wealth Raising the Income Floor Elective Redistribution Appendix: Elective Redistribution Analysis References Chapter 9: Requirements for Accounting Standards and Practices Accounting for an Economy on a Crowded Planet Keep the Units Separate Accounting for Natural Capacity Using Established Standards Accounting Concepts: Financial and Physical The Accounting Equation Applied to the Economy and Nature The Balance Sheet Cash Flow and Material Flows Depreciation, Financial and Physical Double-Entry Method Tracking Financial and Material Performance in Parallel Systems of National and Global Accounts National Economic Accounting Standard System of National Accounts and of Environmental-Economic Accounting What Is an Asset, and What Is a ‘Natural Asset’? Global Economic Accounting Appendix: Accounting Systems Approaches to Valuing Externalities in Financial Accounting The SNA and SEEA References Chapter 10: Money and Finance in a Planetary Economy Brief History of Money What Is Money and What Does It Do? Money and Natural Capacity Governance of Money and Finance for Long-Term Stability and Prosperity Governing the Money Commons Existing Proposals Pure Reserve Banking Pure Money Sovereign Money Creation References Chapter 11: Monetary and Financial Requirements Proposals Compared Norms Institutions and Technologies A Global Monetary Authority A Public Financial Rating Agency I Am My Own Bank Policies and Legislation Monetary Governance Nationalizing the Currency Financial Regulation References Chapter 12: Economic Controls 1: Principles and Requirements General Principles (1) Material Discipline (2) Economic Stability (3) Widespread Prosperity (4) Innovation Through Markets Quid Pro Quo with Nature Common Capacity Ownership and Rent Role of Government as Steward of Capacity Function of Economic Instruments Functional Criteria Summary of Requirements References Chapter 13: Economic Controls 2: Currency and Fees New Currency Creation Common Capacity Fees Artificial Capacity Fees Natural Capacity Fee Natural Capacity Fees on Corporate Income Natural Capacity Fees on Financial Trades Uses of Common Capacity Fees Natural Capacity Basic Living Program: Income, Health and Dependent Care, Education Appendix: Potential Revenue from Common Capacity Fees Potential Revenue from Artificial Capacity Fees Illustrative Schedule of Natural Capacity Fees Using Asset Brackets for US Businesses References Chapter 14: Economic Controls 3: Taxation Progressive Consumption Tax Taxes on Material Flows Material Intensity Tax—Introduction Tax-Shifting on Income Material Intensity Tax Rates and Revenue Effects Taxes on Ownership Property Taxes Capital Gains Taxes Taxation Policy Tax Code References Chapter 15: Economic Controls 4: Subsidies, Incentives and Market Instruments Subsidies and Incentives Subsidies Material Efficiency Subsidies Natural Capacity Subsidies Incentives Market Instruments Tradable Quotas Financial Instruments Natural Capacity Share-Ownership References Part III: How Will We Get There? Chapter 16: Pathway Toward a Planetary Economy Introduction The Economy and Economics of the Future Harnessing Markets for Collective Ends Combining Instruments for Economic Redirection Basic Living Program Through Common Capacity Fees Taxes and Redistribution Income and Payroll Taxes Material Intensity Tax Other Taxes Total Tax Revenues Effects on Corporate Incomes Elective Redistribution Effects on Individual Incomes Natural Capacity Fees Sovereign Money Creation Government Budget Projection and Capital Flows International Implications Appendix: Assumptions and Data for Economic Projection Baseline Data and Period Covered Economic Instruments Basic Living Program Income and Payroll Taxes Material Intensity Tax Other Taxes US Budget Projection Budget Categories Budget Projection Method References Chapter 17: A Manifesto for Market Planetarianism Declarations On a Crowded Planet, Everybody Is in It Together Widespread Prosperity Begets Material Discipline; Both Are Needed for Economic and Social Stability Governance Must Be Inclusionary Public Money Belongs to the People A Basic Living Standard Is a Basic Human Right Tax Social Bads, Not Social Goods Guide the Markets and Let Them Do Their Work Proposals References Chapter 18: A Planetarian Society From Globalism to Planetarianism Perceptions, Norms and Ethics Falling off the Edge of History Growth and Prosperity Planetarian Society: A Vision A World of Opportunity, a World of Tranquility The Storm Before the Calm From Exploitative Capitalism to Regenerative Capacitism American Capacitism Coda: A Chance to Beat the Evolutionary Odds References Index