دانلود کتاب Paramedic Principles and Practice ANZ: A Clinical Reasoning Approach, 1e

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Title page Table of Contents Inside Front Cover Copyright Foreword Preface About the authors Contributors Reviewers The key to improving your clinical practice Acknowledgements CHAPTER 1: Introduction Paramedic principles and practice Essential knowledge Summary PART 1: PARAMEDIC PRINCIPLES Principles of Paramedic Practice CHAPTER 2: The paramedic role in healthcare Introduction The role of ambulance services in Australia and New Zealand Professionalism and professional standards Terminology and qualifications The future paramedic role Summary CHAPTER 3: Characteristics of ambulance patients Introduction Who are ambulance patients? From symptom onset to the decision to call an ambulance From calling for an ambulance to ambulance arrival Summary The Clinical Approach CHAPTER 4: The structured clinical approach Introduction Medicine vs paramedicine? Using a structured approach to combat complexity The emergency model The medical interview model CHAPTER 5: The clinical reasoning process Introduction Clinical decision making in the face of uncertainty: the paramedic paradigm Problem solving versus decision making The myth of the expert Developing clinical reasoning skills A step-by-step guide to clinical decision making Algorithms and cognitive checks A syndrome approach to patient management Error wisdom Summary CHAPTER 6: The patient interview Introduction The structured patient interview The science and art of communication The paramedic interview setting Paramedic–patient interview structure Barriers to effective communication Summary Patient and Paramedic Safety CHAPTER 7: Patient safety and paramedicine Introduction The harm caused by healthcare errors Types of medical error Models of error Reducing diagnostic errors Error defence Error management Evidence-based practice and patient safety EBP, individual patients and clinical reasoning Summary CHAPTER 8: Paramedic health and wellbeing Introduction Wellbeing Paramedic health and safety Stress Managing emotions Fatigue Shift work Occupational violence Injury Student paramedics Getting help Summary Paramedic Education CHAPTER 9: Paramedic education Introduction Experience versus education The history of paramedic education in Australasia International educational standards Paramedic education in the university setting Course accreditation and professional regulation Continuing professional development and postgraduate education Educational challenges and future directions Summary Ethical and Legal Considerations CHAPTER 10: Legal and ethical considerations in clinical decision making Introduction Ethics and the law Consent Refusal of treatment Elements of consent Case study 1 evaluation Documentation Summary Clinical Reasoning and Paramedic Model of Research CHAPTER 11: Developing a philosophy of practice Introduction Models of practice Building a philosophy of practice Summary PART 2: PARAMEDIC PRACTICE ALOC INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT IN AN ALTERED CONSCIOUS STATE IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 12: Hypoglycaemia Introduction Pathophysiology Management of blood glucose At the hospital ED Hospital admission Discharge criteria Hypoglycaemia across the lifespan: paediatric considerations Future research Summary CHAPTER 13: Cerebrovascular accidents Introduction Pathophysiology Clinical manifestations Ongoing management Investigations Hospital admission Stroke across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 14: Overdose Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing treatment Investigations Hospital management Future research CHAPTER 15: Seizures Introduction Pathophysiology Seizure classification Management Ongoing management Hospital admission Summary Respiratory Distress INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT IN RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 16: Airway obstruction Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Follow-up Summary CHAPTER 17: Asthma Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Follow-up Long-term impact Future research Summary CHAPTER 18: Acute pulmonary oedema Introduction Pathophysiology Hospital admission Long-term impact Acute pulmonary oedema across the lifespan Ongoing management Ongoing management Future research Summary CHAPTER 19: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Introduction Pathophysiology Hospital admission Investigations Follow-up Future research Summary CHAPTER 20: Pneumothorax Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Long-term impact Summary CHAPTER 21: Pulmonary embolism Introduction Pathophysiology Risk factors Ongoing management Investigations Hospital admission Follow-up Research Summary CHAPTER 22: Pleural effusion Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Investigations Hospital admission Follow-up Summary CHAPTER 23: The paediatric patient with a noisy airway Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Long-term impact Hospital management Future research Summary Cardiac Emergencies INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT SUFFERING A CARDIAC EMERGENCY IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 24: Chest pain Introduction Pathophysiology Myocardial perfusion and myocardial workload Investigations Ongoing management Hospital admission Follow-up Acute coronary syndrome across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 25: Arrhythmias Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Arrhythmias across the lifespan Wolff-Parkinson-White Long QT syndrome Commotio cordis Summary CHAPTER 26: Cardiac arrest Introduction Chain of survival Pathophysiology Ongoing management Long-term outcomes Future research Summary Severe Allergic Reactions INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH A SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTION IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 27: Anaphylaxis Introduction Pathophysiology Investigations Ongoing management Hospital admission Follow-up Long-term role Anaphylaxis across the lifespan Future research Summary Pain INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT PRESENTING WITH PAIN IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 28: Pain Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Future research Summary CHAPTER 29: Lower back pain Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Follow-up Outcomes Back pain across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 30: Renal colic Introduction Pathophysiology Hospital emergency management Investigations Ongoing management Hospital admission Follow-up Long-term role Renal stones across the lifespan Future research Summary Trauma Introduction IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 31: The structured clinical approach to trauma patients Introduction Assessment of the trauma patient Summary CHAPTER 32: Head injuries Introduction Anatomy Pathophysiology Ongoing management Investigations Hospital admission Hospital discharge Head injuries across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 33: Chest injuries Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Investigations Hospital admission Long-term role Chest trauma across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 34: Musculoskeletal injuries Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Investigations Ongoing management of uncomplicated injuries Torn muscle repair Management of specific fractures Complications of musculoskeletal injuries Rehabilitation Long-term impact Future research Summary CHAPTER 35: Traumatic spinal injuries Introduction Pathophysiology Hospital admission Long-term issues and care Life expectancy for SCI survivors Future research Summary CHAPTER 36: Burns Introduction Pathophysiology ‘Cold burns’ Hospital admission (burns unit) Investigations Ongoing management Follow-up Burns across the lifespan: elderly patients Paediatric airway burns To intubate or not Future research Summary Environmental Injury INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT PRESENTING WITH ENVIRONMENTAL INJURY IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 37: Hypothermia Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Future research Summary CHAPTER 38: Hyperthermia Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Investigations Follow-up and long-term impact Hyperthermia across the lifespan Summary CHAPTER 39: Decompression injuries Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Long-term impact Summary CHAPTER 40: Snake bites Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital management Investigations Hospital admission Long-term impact Snake bites across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 41: Spider bites Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing hospital management Hospital admission Long-term impact Spider bites across the lifespan Summary CHAPTER 42: Marine envenomation Introduction Pathophysiology Hospital management Long-term impact Envenomation across the lifespan Hospital management Future research Summary Unwell Patients: Specific Challenges INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE UNWELL PATIENT: SPECIFIC CHALLENGES TO PARAMEDIC REASONING IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 43: Acute abdominal pain Introduction Anatomy Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Appendicitis across the lifespan Ongoing management AAA across the lifespan Ongoing management Bowel obstruction across the lifespan Summary CHAPTER 44: Sepsis Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Sepsis across the lifespan Research Summary CHAPTER 45: Bleeding from the gastrointestinal or urinary tract Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management GI/urinary tract haemorrhage in the field Hospital management Summary Complex Cases INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO COMPLEX CASES: SPECIFIC CHALLENGES TO PARAMEDIC REASONING AND MANAGEMENT IN THIS SECTION At the completion of this section you should be able to CHAPTER 46: The socially isolated patient Introduction Background Ongoing management Hospital admission Summary CHAPTER 47: The dying patient Introduction Pathophysiology Ongoing management Hospital admission Death and dying across the lifespan Summary CHAPTER 48: The patient on out-of-hospital dialysis Introduction Pathophysiology Dialysis Ongoing management Follow-up Long-term role ESKD across the lifespan Future research Summary CHAPTER 49: Indigenous Australian patients Introduction Kinship Culture Distribution Epidemiological profile Summary CHAPTER 50: Māori patients Introduction Specific aspects of healthcare for Mori Epidemiological profile Delayed access to healthcare Death among Mori populations Summary Abnormal Behaviour INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT DISPLAYING ABNORMAL BEHAVIOUR IN THIS SECTION At the completion of this section you should be able to CHAPTER 51: The patient displaying abnormal behaviour Introduction Pathophysiology Explanatory models Law and mental health Specific treatment guidelines Investigations Hospital admission Long-term treatment and impacts Mental illness across the lifespan Summary CHAPTER 52: De-escalation in the pre-hospital environment Introduction Theories of aggression Management of aggression Principles of de-escalation De-escalation in practice Obstetric and Neonatal INTRODUCTION TO THE PARAMEDIC APPROACH TO OBSTETRIC AND NEONATAL EMERGENCIES IN THIS SECTION AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CHAPTER 53: Imminent birth Introduction Physiology Hospital admission Investigations Follow-up Further research Summary CHAPTER 54: Neonatal resuscitation Introduction Pathophysiology Identifying the newborn at risk of disorders during transition Failure to breathe effectively at birth Failure to establish effective ventilation after birth Preparing for the birth of a baby Newborn airway management Ongoing management Documentation Birth during transport Discontinuing resuscitation Hospital admission Investigations Follow-up The preterm baby Long-term role Hospital management Future research Summary PART 3: ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE Introduction IN THIS SECTION Perfusion Introduction What is perfusion? The basics of normal perfusion Disturbances of perfusion Assessment of perfusion Principles of medical management of perfusion Summary Autonomic Response Introduction What is the autonomic nervous system? Assessment of autonomic nervous system function Principles of management Summary Inflammatory Response Introduction What is inflammation? The basics of normal inflammation Abnormal inflammation Summary APPENDIX 1: Professional role guide APPENDIX 2: Medications commonly encountered in community emergency health Glossary Index