دانلود کتاب South American Contributions to World Archaeology

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Contents Contributors Chapter 1: Introduction: South American Archaeology’s Contributions to World Archaeology References Part I: Hunter and Gatherer Societies in South America Chapter 2: Lifeworlds, Biota and Mineral Resources in the Checua River Valley, Colombia (9500 cal BP–1500 AD) 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Ancient Human Occupation in the Checua River Valley 2.2.1 Chronology in the Checua River Valley 2.2.1.1 Period I: Hunter-Gatherers (9000–5000 BP) 2.2.1.2 Period II: Herrera (ca. 2000–1000 BP) 2.2.1.3 Period III: Muisca (ca. 1000–350 BP) 2.2.1.4 Period IV: Modern (350 BP – 1950 AD) 2.3 Dwelling Perspective, Lifeworlds, and Memories: An Approach to Landscape Creation and Transformation 2.4 Landscape Creation and Transformation in the Checua River Valley 2.4.1 The North-East Lifeworld 2.4.2 The South-East Lifeworlds 2.5 Being-in-the Landscape: Contemporary Dwellers 2.6 Final Remarks References Chapter 3: Sedentary Sites 3.1 Settlement Patterns in the South-Central Andes 3.2 The Model 3.3 Results: Sedentary Sites 3.4 Summary and Discussion Appendix I: Simulation Code References Chapter 4: Social Trajectories of Hunter-Gatherer Societies in Central Argentina: Exploration and Colonization of a Desert Landscape, La Pampa Province, Argentina 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Environment and Paleoenvironment Characteristics of the Research Area 4.3 Chronological and Spatial Scale 4.4 Early Holocene 4.5 Middle Holocene 4.6 Late Holocene 4.7 Lithic Raw Materials 4.7.1 Obsidian 4.7.2 Quartzite 4.8 Ornaments 4.8.1 Metallic Ornaments 4.8.2 Mineral Ornaments 4.8.3 Malacological Ornaments and Artifacts 4.9 Pottery 4.10 Final Comments References Chapter 5: The Long-Term Relation Between Human Beings and Shellfish in the Semiarid Coast of Chile 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The Study Area 5.3 The Earliest Coastal Foragers Between 12,000 and 9500 cal BP 5.4 The Surf Clam Shell Middens and a Diminishment Human Presence in the Advent of Major Environmental Changes 5.5 The Development of a Well-Defined Field Processing Strategy Between 7600 and 4800 cal BP 5.6 Collecting the Whole Diversity of Coastal Resources at Residential Sites Between 5300 and 2300 cal BP 5.7 The Limited Use of Coastal Environments over the Last Millennia 5.8 Discussion and Conclusion References Chapter 6: Hunter-Gatherers in a Broad Landscape: Off-Site Regional Archaeology in the Coyle River Basin, Southern Patagonia (Argentina) 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Coyle River Basin: Environmental Notes 6.3 Distributional and Methodological Approach 6.4 Distributional Results 6.5 The Chronology 6.6 Conclusions References Chapter 7: Pioneer Population Nodes in Southern Patagonian Lands 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Transmission of Knowledge and Innovation During Exploration and Colonization 7.3 Patagonia: The Earliest Evidences 7.4 Habitats 7.5 Pali Aike Lava Field: Fell Cave 7.6 North Tierra del Fuego: Tres Arroyos 1 7.7 West Patagonia: Ultima Esperanza 7.8 Intermediate Lands 7.9 Discussion 7.9.1 Fell Cave Points 7.10 Conclusions References Part II: Past Humans as Agents of Landscape Formation and Transformation Chapter 8: The pre-Hispanic Raised Fields System of the Mompós Depression in the Colombian Caribbean Region.  A Preliminary Archaeological Report 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Intensive Agricultural Systems 8.3 Field Methods for Archeological Exploration of the Raised Fields System 8.3.1 The Geographic Information System 8.3.2 Soil Sampling 8.3.3 Soil Pollen Analysis 8.4 Research Results 8.5 Site Stratigraphy 8.5.1 Chessboard Pattern 8.5.2 Granulometry 8.5.3 Description and Interpretation of the Pollen Diagram 8.6 Stratigraphy of Ridges Organized in Long Canal 8.6.1 Description and Interpretation of the Pollen Diagram of the Caño Carate Site 8.7 Stratigraphy of Fan-Shaped Ridges 8.7.1 Description and Interpretation of the Pollen Diagram of the Pueblo Búho Site 8.8 Stratigraphy of Ridges Organized in a System of Canals Near Platforms References Chapter 9: As Seen Through the Trees, a Lens into Amazonian Mobility and Its Lasting Landscape 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Amazonian Fruits, Nuts, and Palms 9.3 Amazonian Archaeobotanical Summary 9.4 Managing the Forest 9.5 Domestication of Woody Plants on a Human Timescale 9.6 Cultural Choices and Landscapes 9.7 A Slash-and-Burn Paradox 9.8 Politics of an Ideal Forest Past References Chapter 10: Microstratigraphy and Faunal Records from a Shell Midden on the Hyperarid Coast of the Atacama Desert (Taltal, Chile) 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Study Area 10.3 Methods and Materials 10.3.1 Zapatero Archaeological Site 10.3.2 Micromorphology 10.3.3 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) 10.3.4 Faunal Analysis 10.4 Results 10.4.1 Archaeofacies Analysis 10.4.2 Micromophology 10.4.3 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) 10.4.4 Micro-Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometry (Micro-FTIR) 10.4.5 Faunal Composition of Archaeofacies 10.5 Discussion 10.5.1 Site Taphonomy and Paleoenvironment 10.5.2 Depositional Behaviours and Post-depositional Reworking 10.5.3 Formation Processes 10.6 Conclusion References Chapter 11: Environment Transformation and Landscape Domestication in the Lowlands of Northeast of Uruguay. Earthworks as Technology for the Management of Flood Ecosystems 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Environmental and Archaeological Context in the Lowlands of Uruguay 11.2.1 Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Contexts 11.2.2 Research History in Mounds 11.3 Study Area: The Lowlands of Tacuarembó and Their Archaeological Context 11.3.1 Description of the Researched Mound Sites 11.4 Results of Archaeological Excavations at Mounds Sites in NE Uruguay 11.4.1 Lemos Archaeological Site 11.4.2 Cañada de los Caponcitos Archaeological Site 11.4.3 Pago Lindo Archaeological Site 11.5 Discussion 11.5.1 Domesticating the Landscape. Mound Building as a Technology for the Management of Humid Ecosystems 11.5.1.1 Preparation of Enriched Sediments, Building Practices and New Earthen Architecture 11.5.1.2 Fire Management to Clear Herbaceous Vegetation 11.5.1.3 Lagoons Managements and Anthropic Canals 11.5.1.4 Management of Wild Species, and Maize and Squash Crops 11.6 Conclusion Bibliography Part III: Multiple Ways to Study Interaction Between the Social and Natural World Chapter 12: A Singular Perspective on the Influence of Andean Theory in Archaeology 12.1 Outlining the Issue 12.2 The Theoretical Turn That Never Matured 12.2.1 Wider Contributions 12.3 Post-structural and Material Cultural Turns in Andean Archaeology 12.4 A Bias Against Theoretical Studies in the Andes? 12.5 Moving Towards a Different Andean Archeology References Chapter 13: Sedentism, Production, and Early Interregional Interaction in the Northern Sierra of Ecuador 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Background 13.3 Rancho Bajo 13.4 Las Orquídeas 13.5 Discussion 13.6 Conclusion References Chapter 14: Bioarchaeology of Andean South America: Past Contributions and Current Research 14.1 Bioarchaeology: Definition, History and Research Focus 14.2 Andean South America 14.3 History of Bioanthropological Research in Andean South America 14.4 Advances in Andean Bioarchaeology 14.5 New Research Questions 14.6 Identifying and Addressing Challenges in Bioarchaeology 14.7 Future Prospects References Chapter 15: The Cosmopolitan Misfits of Mainstream Amazonia 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Hybrid Concepts of Hybridity 15.3 Archaeological Misfits – Tupian Hybrids 15.4 The Birth of Polychrome Hybrids 15.5 Finding and Fitting Fluidity: A Case Study from the Middle Solimões River, Brazil 15.6 Hybridism as a Strategy for Maintaining a Cultural Boundary: The Case of the Saracá Pottery of Middle Amazon River 15.7 Final Discussion: When Bats and Vultures Dive into Polychrome Waves References Chapter 16: Humanized Nature: Symbolic Representation of Fauna in Pottery from the Paraná River of South America 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Background for the Study of Zoomorphic Appendages 16.3 Analysis of Zoomorphic Appendages and Taxonomic Identification 16.4 Comparison Between Zoomorphic Appendages and Archeofaunal Record 16.5 Discussion 16.6 Conclusions References Making Connections Ethnographically and Conceptually Informed Interpretations of the Past Scales of Archaeological Synthesis: From landscape to Region Emerging Intersections in Archaeological Science Plant Use and Domesticatory Relationships Voices from the Margins References Index