دانلود کتاب A Modern Legal History of Treasure

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Preface
Table of Legislation
Table of Cases
Contents
Abbreviations
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1: Treasure Trove: Dream and Metaphor
Roman Law
British and Ireland, Pre-Norman Conquest
Britain and Ireland, Post-Conquest
England
Wales
Ireland
Scotland
Res Nullius: The Absence of the Owner
For Whose Benefit?
Bibliography
Chapter 2: The Ancient Blunderbuss: Treasure Trove in England and Wales, c. 1837
Introduction
‘Treasure trove’ in England and Wales, circa 1837
The Vernacular
‘Treasure trove’ as a Term of Art
‘Treasure’ as Understood in 1837
Trove (trouvé) as Understood in 1837
Treasure / Not Treasure—Towards a Law of Finds
The Intentions of the Depositor of Treasure
Enforcing the Crown Claim
The Coroner’s Inquest: In General
The Coroner’s Inquest: Rival Claims
The Coroner’s Inquest: ‘suspected of’ Treasure
The Criminal Law
New Voices
Bibliography
Chapter 3: Treasure Trove in Early Victorian Ireland and Scotland
Ireland
The Law
Enforcement
Finders, Landowners, Collectors, Museums
Scotland
The Law
Administrative Machinery
The System in Operation (to 1858)
A New Era
Bibliography
Chapter 4: Conversaziones
Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 30 November 1846
London: Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 2 February 1849
London: Archaeological Institute, 3 March 1850
Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 28 November 1851
Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeological Institute Annual Meeting, 24 August–1 September 1852
Chichester: Archaeological Institute Annual Meeting, 12–19 July 1853
Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 15 February 1858, and Aftermath
Bath: Archaeological Institute Annual Meeting, 20–27 July 1858
Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, Committee for Polite Literature and Antiquities, 20 November and 4 December 1858
London: British Archaeological Association, 26 January 1859
Malahide Castle, Co. Dublin: 15 October 1859
Kilkenny: Kilkenny Archaeological Society, 9 November 1859
Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, Committee for Polite Literature and Antiquities, 5 December 1859
York: Yorkshire Philosophical Society, 1 October, 5 November, 3 December 1860
London: House of Lords, 15 July 1861
London: The Treasury, 1861
Bibliography
Chapter 5: Of Angels and Half-Angels
Introduction
Evans Puts His Cards on the Table
Treasury Minutes and Home Office Circulars in England and Wales (1861–1903)
Numismatic Society Memorial; Treasure Trove Circular for England and Wales, 1871
The Half-Angel in the St Albans Hoard; the Home Office Circular of 1886
Treasure Trove Practice: Enforcement and Disposal
Enforcement
Coroners’ Inquests, in General
Manorial Claims—At Inquest, and Within the Treasury
Civil Proceedings
Criminal Proceedings
Non-enforcement
Disposal
Evans’ Assault on the Legal Boundaries of ‘Treasure Trove’
The Fressingfield Ring, 1891–92
The Broighter Hoard (the ‘Celtic Gold Ornaments’ Case), 1896–1903
British Museum Acts as Legal Disability: ‘beati possidentes’181
‘National antiquity’ as Legal Norm: Museums Committee, 1898–99191
Law Officers’ Opinions
Crown Title
Attorney General v. Trustees of the British Museum, 1903235
‘Private collectors die, and the museums do not’
Bibliography
Chapter 6: The View from the Gloriette I: Treasure Trove in England and Wales, 1903–1996—Part One
Introduction
Corbridge (1908 and 1911)
Corbridge: 1908 Hoard
Corbridge: 1911 Hoard
The View
Cheapside Hoard (1912)106
The View
Sutton Hoo (1939)
The View
Bibliography
Chapter 7: The View from the Gloriette II: Treasure Trove in England and Wales, 1903–1996—Part Two
Coleby Hoard (1975)
The View
The Water Newton Treasure (1975)
The View
Wanborough (1985–88)
The View
The Farnham Pin (1992)
The View
A Loose End
Cultural Heritage Protection
Bibliography
Chapter 8: ‘The Royal Rummager of Dustbins’: Scotland, 1859–
Introduction
Giffnock Hoard
Balcalk Hoard (and Traprain Treasure)
Impact of Home v. Sturrock’s Trustees
Traprain Law Treasure, 1919
Routine Cases, 1880–1958
St Ninian’s Isle Treasure
The Find104
Positions Taken Before the Litigation
The Crown
The NMAS
The University
Lord Advocate v. University of Aberdeen and Budge140
Positions Taken After the Event
The Losing Side
The NMAS
Scottish Federation of Museums and Art Galleries
HM Treasury
Scottish Treasure Trove Practice, 1969–2004
Administrative Framework
Recovery of Treasure Trove
Stones
Rewards
Disposal of Treasure Trove
Reform of Treasure Trove Practice in Scotland
The Normand Review240
Post-Normand Structure
‘Treasure trove’, Bona Vacantia, ‘portable antiquity’
Legal Duty to Report
Not Reported: Crown Title
Metal Detectorist Finds
Bibliography
Chapter 9: ‘Archaeological Objects’: Ireland, 1860–2014; Northern Ireland, 1921–97
Introduction
Treasure Trove in Ireland, 1860–c. 1980
Webb v. Ireland and Attorney General62
‘Archaeological Objects’
National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994
The 1994 Act: The State’s Right to Archaeological Finds in Ireland97
Duty to Report; Rewards for Finders of ‘Archaeological Objects’ and Others
National and Other Museums
Final Thoughts
Northern Ireland
Treasure Trove in Northern Ireland, 1921–97
‘Archaeological Objects’ in Northern Ireland, 1926–95
Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (NI) Order 1995159
Baroness Denton’s Wellington Boots
Bibliography
Chapter 10: ‘Finding is the First Act’
The Perth Bill and Aftermath, 1994–96 (England and Wales, Northern Ireland)
Modernising the Lottery: Treasure Bill, 199638
‘An Act to abolish treasure trove and make fresh provision for treasure’
‘Treasure’
‘Treasure’ Under the 1996 Act
‘Treasure’ Extended in 2002
Portable Antiquities Scheme93
‘Treasure’ Falls Short Again: The Crosby Garrett Helmet (2010)
Effects of the Treasure Act 1996
Vesting
Prior Owner/Heirs
Franchisees
Crown
Coroners
Eligibility for Rewards: Museum Acquisition
Rewards, Valuation and Payment: the Treasure Valuation Committee
The Criminal Law of Treasure
The Offence of Non-reporting of Treasure
Theft
Third-Party Criminal Liability Under Treasure Law
A Statistical Flavour
DCMS Consultation on Treasure Law and Process, 2019–2020
‘Treasure’
Process
Treasure Islands
Bibliography
Bibliography
Index of Finds/Findspots
Subject Index