دانلود کتاب Accounting, 3rd Edition

فهرست مطالب :

Accounting
Contents
About the Author
About the Book
Acknowledgements
1 INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING
Introduction
Nature of Accounting
Importance of Accounting
Financial Accounting and Management Accounting
Users of Accounts
Accounting Context
Types of Accountancy
Types of Accountant
Limitations of Accounting
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
SECTION A: FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING: THE TECHNIQUES
2 THE ACCOUNTING BACKGROUND
Introduction
Financial Accounting
Language of Accounting
Student Example
Why Is Financial Accounting Important?
Accounting Principles
Accounting Conventions
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Appendix 2.1: Illustration of a Consolidated Income Statement for Marks & Spencer plc 2010
Appendix 2.2: Illustration of a Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for Marks and Spencer plc 2010
Appendix 2.3: Illustration of a Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for Marks and Spencer 2010
Appendix 2.4: Illustration of a Consolidated Income Statement for Volkswagen 2009
Appendix 2.5: Illustration of a Consolidated Balance Sheet (Statement of Financial Position) for Volkswagen 2009
Appendix 2.6: Illustration of a Consolidated Cash Flow Statement (Statement of Cash Flows) for Volkswagen 2009
3 RECORDING: DOUBLE-ENTRY BOOKKEEPING
Introduction
The Accounting Equation
Worked Example
Computers
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
4 MAIN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: THE INCOME STATEMENT (PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT)
Introduction
Context
Definitions
Layout
Main Components
Profit
Listed Companies
Capital and Revenue Expenditure
Limitations
Interpretation
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
5 MAIN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (BALANCE SHEET)
Introduction
Context
Definitions
Layout
Main Components
Limitations
Interpretation
Listed Companies
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Appendix 5.1: Horizontal Format of Statement of Financial Position
6 PREPARING THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Introduction
Main Financial Statements
Trial Balance to the Income Statement (Profi t and Loss Account) and the Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet)
Adjustments to Trial Balance
Comprehensive Example
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
7 PARTNERSHIPS AND LIMITED COMPANIES
Introduction
Context
Partnerships
Limited Companies
Distinctive Accounting Features of Limited Companies
Accounting Treatment For Limited Companies
Limited Company Example: Stevens, Turner Ltd
Limited Companies: Published Accounts
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Appendix 7.1: Example of an Income Statement (Profi t and Loss Account) using UK GAAP (Manchester United Ltd)
Appendix 7.2: Example of a Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet) using UK GAAP (Manchester United Ltd)
8 MAIN FINANCIAL STATEMENT: THE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Introduction
Importance of Cash
Context
Cash and the Bank Account
Relationship between Cash and Profi
Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Appendix 8.1: Main Headings for the Cash Flow Statement (Statement of Cash Flows) for Sole Traders, Partnerships and some Non-Listed Companies under UK GAAP
Appendix 8.2: Preparation of a Sole Trader’s Cash Flow Statement Using the Direct Method Using UK Format
Appendix 8.3: Preparation of the Cash Flow Statement of Any Company Ltd using the Indirect Method Using UK GAAP
Appendix 8.4: Example of Statement of Cash Flow (Cash Flow Statement) Using UK GAAP (Manchester United Ltd)
9 INTERPRETATION OF ACCOUNTS
Introduction
Context
Overview
Importance of Ratios
Closer Look at Main Ratios
Worked Example
Report Format
Holistic View of Ratios
Performance Indicators
Limitations
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Appendix 9.1: John Brown Plc
Appendix 9.2: The Cash Flows Ratio using UK GAAP
SECTION B: FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING: THE CONTEXT
10 REGULATORY AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS
Introduction
Traditional Corporate Model: Directors, Auditors and Shareholders
Regulatory Framework
Regulatory Framework in the UK
Corporate Governance
Conceptual Framework
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
11 MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Introduction
Overview
Measurement Systems
Deficiencies of Historical Cost Accounting
Illustrative Example of Different Measurement Systems
Real Life
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
12 THE ANNUAL REPORT
Introduction
Definition
Context
Multiple Roles
Main Contents of the Annual Report
Presentation
Group Accounts
Impression Management
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
13 CREATIVE ACCOUNTING
Introduction
Definition
Managerial Motivation
Methods of Creative Accounting
Example
Real Life
Case Studies
Creative Presentation
Controlling Creative Accounting
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
14 INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING
Introduction
Context
Divergent Forces
Classification
Country Snapshots
Convergent Forces
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
Appendix 14.1: List of International Standards
SECTION C: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
15 INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Introduction
Context
Relationship with Financial Accounting
Overview
Cost Minimisation and Revenue Maximisation
Use of Computers and Impact of Digital Technology
Art not a Science
Changing Nature of Management Accounting
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
16 COSTING
Introduction
Importance of Cost Accounting
Types of Cost
Traditional Costing
Activity-Based Costing
Costing for Inventory Valuation
Different Costing Methods for Different Industries
Target Costing
Cost-Cutting
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
17 PLANNING, CONTROL AND PERFORMANCE: BUDGETING
Introduction
Management Accounting Control Systems
Nature of Budgeting
Cash Budget
Other Budgets
Manufacturing Budgets
Comprehensive Budgeting Example
Behavioural Aspects of Budgeting
Responsibility Accounting
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
18 PLANNING, CONTROL AND PERFORMANCE: STANDARD COSTING
Introduction
Nature of Standard Costing
Standard Cost Variances
Interpretation of Variances
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
19 SHORT-TERM DECISION MAKING
Introduction
Decision Making
Contribution Analysis
Decisions, Decisions
Throughput Accounting
Break-Even Analysis
Contribution Graph
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
20 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Introduction
Nature of Strategic Management Accounting
Assessment of Current Position of the Business
Appraisal of Current Position of the Business
Strategic Choice of Future Direction
Conclusion
Selected Reading
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
21 LONG-TERM DECISION MAKING: CAPITAL INVESTMENT APPRAISAL
Introduction
Nature of Capital Investment
Capital Investment Appraisal Techniques
Payback Period
Accounting Rate of Return
Net Present Value
Profitability Index
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Other Factors
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Appendix 21.1: Present Value of £1 at Compound Interest Rate (1+ r)
22 THE MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL AND SOURCES OF FINANCE
Introduction
Nature of Sources of Finance
Short-Term Financing
Long-Term Financing
Cost of Capital
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Numerical Questions
Glossary of Key Accounting Terms
Appendix: Answers
Index