دانلود کتاب Atrophic Rhinitis: From the Voluptuary Nasal Pathology to the Empty Nose Syndrome

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Foreword Contents Introduction Part I: Primary Atrophic Rhinitis 1: Primary Atrophic Rhinitis: Ozaena and Other Infective Forms 1.1 Etiology of Primary Atrophic Rhinitis 1.1.1 Bacteriology 1.1.2 Virology 1.1.3 Mycology 1.2 Clinical Presentation 1.2.1 Signs 1.2.2 Symptoms 1.3 Histopathology 1.4 Diagnosis 1.5 Management 1.5.1 Medical Therapy 1.5.2 Surgical Therapy References Part II: Secondary Atrophic Rhinitis 2: Secondary Atrophic Rhinitis: Autoimmune and Granulomatous Forms 2.1 Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis 2.1.1 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 2.1.2 Clinical Features 2.1.2.1 ENT Involvement 2.1.2.2 Other-Than-ENT Involvement 2.1.3 Diagnosis 2.1.4 Management 2.2 Sarcoidosis 2.2.1 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 2.2.2 Clinical Features 2.2.2.1 ENT Involvement 2.2.2.2 Other-Than-ENT Involvement 2.2.3 Diagnosis 2.2.4 Management 2.3 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid 2.3.1 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 2.3.2 Clinical Features 2.3.2.1 ENT Involvement 2.3.3 Diagnosis 2.3.4 Management 2.4 Tuberculosis 2.4.1 Natural History of Disease 2.4.2 Epidemiology 2.4.2.1 ENT Involvement 2.4.3 Diagnosis 2.4.4 Management 2.5 Syphilis 2.5.1 Epidemiology 2.5.2 Clinical Presentation and Natural History 2.5.2.1 ENT Involvement 2.5.3 Diagnosis 2.5.4 Management 2.6 Other Autoimmune and Granulomatous Causes of Atrophic Rhinitis References 3: Iatrogenic Atrophic Rhinitis: Post-Nasal Surgery or Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS) 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Epidemiology 3.3 Pathophysiology 3.4 Clinical Manifestations 3.5 Evaluation and Diagnosis 3.6 Differential Diagnosis 3.7 Treatment 3.7.1 Prevention 3.7.2 Medical Therapy 3.7.3 Surgical Repair 3.7.3.1 Temporary Fillers 3.7.3.2 Acellular Dermis Allografts and Xenografts 3.7.3.3 Autologous Cartilage 3.7.3.4 Synthetic Implants 3.8 Conclusions References 4: Drug-Induced Atrophic Rhinitis 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Rhinitis Medicamentosa 4.2.1 Physiopathology of Rebound Nasal Congestion 4.2.2 Clinical Evaluation 4.2.3 Management 4.3 Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions 4.3.1 Clinical Presentation 4.3.2 Pathogenesis 4.3.3 Diagnosis 4.3.4 Differential Diagnosis 4.3.5 Management References Part III: Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis 5: Empty Nose Syndrome: Clinical Evaluation with Subjective Questionnaires and Psychological Evaluation 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Clinical Evaluation with Subjective Questionnaire 5.2.1 SNOT-25 (ENS Modification) 5.2.2 ENS6Q 5.2.3 Other Questionnaires That Were Applied for Empty Nose Syndrome Assessment 5.3 Psychological Evaluation (Mental Health Questionnaires) 5.4 Conclusion References 6: The Role of Nasal Cytology in the Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Histocytological Aspects of the Nasal Mucosa 6.2.1 Histopathological Studies 6.2.2 Cytological Alterations by Nasal Cytology Study 6.3 Cytological Techniques References 7: The Role of Rhinomanometry and Nasal Airflow Evaluation in the Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Nasal Air Flow Test 7.3 Olfactometric Techniques in Atrophic Rhinitis 7.4 Conclusions References 8: Computational Fluid Dynamics: Is It Possible to Produce a Real Model of the Nasal Flux? 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Current Methodology to Evaluate Nasal Resistance and Patency 8.2.1 Rhinomanometry 8.2.2 Acoustic Rhinometry 8.2.3 Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow 8.3 CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics 8.3.1 Our Review About the Use of CFD in Assessing Nasal Surgery and Future Perspectives 8.3.2 Limitation References 9: Imaging: The Role of CT Scan, Cone-Beam and MRI in the Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis 9.1 Introduction to Diagnostic Imaging Examination in Atrophic Rhinitis 9.2 Diagnostic Imaging in Atrophic Rhinitis 9.2.1 Computed Tomography in Atrophic Rhinitis 9.2.1.1 Indications to Computed Tomography in Atrophic Rhinitis 9.2.1.2 Computed Tomography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Findings in Atrophic Rhinitis 9.2.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Atrophic Rhinitis References Part IV: Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis 10: Atrophic Rhinitis: Medical Treatment 10.1 Definition 10.2 Etiology 10.3 Treatment 10.3.1 Nasal Irrigations 10.3.2 Dexpanthenol 10.3.3 Glycerine Nasal Drops 10.3.4 Placental Extract Injections 10.3.5 Antibiotics 10.3.6 Alternative Therapies 10.3.6.1 Submucosal Infiltrations of Polimethacrylate 10.3.6.2 Ozone 10.3.6.3 Prosthesis 10.3.6.4 Stellate Ganglion Injections 10.3.6.5 Tocopherol Acetate References 11: Surgical Treatment of Empty Nose Syndrome: Inferior Turbinate Reconstruction Using Intranasal Mucosal Flaps 11.1 Background 11.2 Surgical Treatment 11.2.1 Pre-operative Evaluation 11.2.2 Surgical Technique 11.2.3 Post-operative Care 11.2.4 Post-operative Complications 11.3 Conclusion References 12: Surgical Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis: Inferior Turbinate Augmentation with Submucosal Injections 12.1 Introduction 12.1.1 Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells (ADSCs) and Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) 12.1.2 Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) 12.1.3 Placental Extract 12.1.4 Resorbable Fillers 12.2 Conclusions References 13: Nasal Septal Perforations: Modern Diagnostic Work-Up, Management and Surgical Strategy 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Aetiology and Clinical Features 13.3 Diagnostic Modern Work-Up: Imaging and Elaborations 13.4 Management and Surgical Techniques 13.5 Conclusions and Perspective References 14: Surgical Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis: The Use of Autografts in Nasal Dorsum Repair 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Saddle Nose and Atrophic Rhinitis 14.3 Main Reconstructive Techniques 14.3.1 Nasal Septum Cartilage 14.3.2 Auricolar Concha Cartilage 14.3.3 Calvarial Bone 14.3.4 Rib Cartilage 14.3.5 Diced Cartilage in Fascia (DCF) 14.3.6 Fluid Cartilage and Lipofilling 14.4 Conclusion References 15: Surgical Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis: Use of Autologous Costal Cartilage Grafts 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Costal Cartilage Sculpting Methods 15.2.1 The Principle of the Balanced Cross-Section 15.2.2 Oblique Split Method 15.3 Clinical Situations to Use Costal Cartilage 15.3.1 Nasal Septum 15.3.2 Saddle Nose 15.3.3 Revision Rhinoplasty 15.3.4 Atrophic Rhinitis 15.4 Conclusions References 16: Allografts Use in Nasal Reconstruction 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Type of Allografts 16.2.1 Silastic 16.2.2 Gore-Tex® 16.2.3 Medpor® 16.2.4 PDS® 16.3 Conclusion References