دانلود کتاب Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Diabetes

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Cover BIOACTIVE FOOD AS DIETARY INTERVENTIONS FOR DIABETES Copyright Contributors Acknowledgments Part A: Overview of Food, Diet and Diabetes 1 Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Introduction Systemic Glucose Homeostasis Is a Multi-Organ Process Glucose Dysregulation: The Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance Origins of Oxidative Stress in Various Cell Types Renin-Angiotensin System and NADPH Oxidase Nutrient Excess and Mitochondrial Overactivity Hyperglycemia Dyslipidemia: Role of Excess FFAs Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Additional Role of Nitrosative Stress Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Associated Insulin Resistance Oxidative Stress and Defects in Insulin Signaling: Skeletal Muscle and Liver Oxidative Stress and Defects in Insulin Secretion: Pancreatic Beta-Cells Oxidative Stress and Defects in Vascular Function Utility of Select Antioxidants as Interventions in Oxidative Stress-Associated Insulin Resistance General Concepts of Antioxidant Properties α-Lipoic Acid and Its Effects on Glucoregulation Conclusions and Perspectives References 2 Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils and Trans Fatty Acids: Profile and Application to Diabetes Introduction Dietary Fats: HVOs and TFAs Global Consumption Rates of TFAs TFAs, HVOs, and T2DM Cell Studies Animal Studies Epidemiological Studies Randomized Control Trials Mechanisms of TFAs/HVOs in the Progression of T2DM Policy Efforts Regarding TFAs/HVOs Reduction Conclusion References 3 A Protocol Outline of Dietary Intervention to Contrast Diabetic Nephropathy Introduction Overall Caloric Intake and General Nutrition Patterns Proteins in the Diet Protein Restriction: How Far? Sources of Dietary Proteins, Associated Micronutrients, and Nephrotoxic Food-Related Components Sodium and Phosphorous Fruit and Vegetables Olive Oil Anthocyanin-Rich Vegetables Additional Studies on Vegetables and Herbs Nutraceuticals of Both Plant and Animal Origin Vitamin B6 Lipoic Acid Nutritional Therapy in DM: A Road Map to Contrast Onset and Progression of DN References Further Reading 4 Bioactive Foods as Dietary Intervention for Diabetes From the Perspective of Persian Medicine Introduction Persian Medicine Diabetes in PM Dietary Interventions for Diabetes in PM Healthy Eating Rules in PM Individualized Dietary Recommendations for Diabetes in PM Herbal Supplements Recommended for Diabetes in PM Plantago psyllium Cinnamomum verum Spinacia oleracea Rhus coriaria Citrullus colocynthis Portulaca oleracea Hordeum vulgare Carthamus tinctorius Conclusion and Future Research Summary References 5 Dietary Manipulations for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Introduction Weight Loss and Caloric Restriction Carbohydrates and Low Glycemic Index Diets Fructose Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) Mediterranean Diet Coffee Conclusion References 6 Avocado Oil and Diabetic Complications Related to Mitochondrial Dysfunction Introduction Role of Mitochondria Dysfunction in the Development of Diabetic Complications Protective Effects of Avocado Oil on the Alterations Induced by Diabetes on the ETC and Oxidative Stress in Liver, Kid ... Future Perspectives References 7 Whey Protein and the Metabolic Syndrome Introduction Dairy Proteins Hypertension Vascular Function Glucose and Insulin Satiety and Appetite Body Composition Blood Lipids Conclusion References 8 The Effects of Soy Products and Isoflavones in Metabolic Syndrome and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Introduction Fermented Soy Product and Isoflavones in Adipose Tissue Metabolism Soy and Isoflavones in Weight Loss Soy and Isoflavones in Cardiovascular Diseases and Dyslipidemias Soy and Isoflavones in Glycemic Control Soy and Isoflavones in NAFLD Summary Points References 9 The Genus Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Alloideae): Features, Phytoconstituents, and Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Pote ... Introduction Amaryllidaceae Family A. cepa and A. sativum Chemical Profiles of Onion and Garlic Quercetin Isorhamnetin Kaempferol and Anthocyanins Rutin and Luteolin Fructan and Coumarin Steroids Allicin Antidiabetic Significance of Onion and Garlic Conclusion REFERENCES Part B: Micronutrients and Diabetes 10 The Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Vitamin D and Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis Vitamin D and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis Vitamin D-Related Genetic Predisposition Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D in Type 1 Diabetes Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Vitamin D and Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction Vitamin D and Inflammation Vitamin D and Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus Vitamin D and Prevention of T1DM Vitamin D and Prevention of T2DM Vitamin D and Glycemic Control Vitamin D and Glycemic Control in T1DM Vitamin D in Glycemic Treatment of T2DM Conclusions References 11 Vitamin D3 in the Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults, Its Use for Prevention and Treatment Introduction Vitamin D3: Immune System, T1DM and LADA Vitamin D3-Potential Therapeutic on Immune System and Beta Cell Function for Type 1 Diabetes and LADA. Questions to Answer Conclusion References 12 Role of Omega-3-Fatty Acids in the Management of Diabetes and Associated Complications Introduction Complications Associated With Diabetes Bioactive Foods Omega-3-Fatty Acids What Are Omega-3-Fatty Acids? How Omega-3-Fatty Acids Works? Sources of Omega-3-Fatty Acids Benefits of Omega-3-Fatty Acids in Diabetic Complications Conclusion References 13 n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis and Metabolism of T2DM Nutritional Metabolism of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs Inflammatory Markers in T2DM Effects of PUFA on Metabolic and Inflammatory Processes in T2DM Conclusion References 14 Oleic Acid in the Diet and What It Does: Implications for Diabetes and Its Complications Introduction Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus With OA Intake Benefits of OA in T2DM Blood Pressure Adiposity Parameters Glycemic Control Lipid Profile Insulin Resistance Hemostasis, Platelet Aggregation, and Fibrinolysis Low-Grade Inflammatory Response Effect of OA in the Prevention of Complications Microvascular Complications Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetic Nephropathy Macrovascular Complications Cerebrovascular Disease Peripheral Arterial Disease Coronary Heart Disease Concluding Remarks References 15 Micronutrient Deficiencies and Dysfunctional Endothelial Phenotype in Obesity Introduction Obesity and Micronutrients Deficiency The Continuum of Obesity-Related Endothelial Dysfunction Mechanisms of Reduced NO Bioavailability in Obesity Conclusion References Further Reading 16 Magnesium and Relationship with Diabetes Magnesium Diabetes Mg Deficiency in the General Population, Chronically Ill and Diabetics Mg Intakes and Serum Mg Concentrations Are Inversely Associated With Diabetes Risk and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism Mg Supplementation and Glucose Metabolism: Results From RCT Mg Deficiency and Insulin Sensitivity: Molecular Mechanisms Mg Intake and Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes for Setting Dietary Reference Values for Mg and a Reference Interval for Total Serum Mg Concentration Conclusions and Future Directions REFERENCES 17 Plasma Levels of Tryptophan Metabolites in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Ethics Statistics Methods Assays of TRP Metabolites Reagents Instrumentation and Analytical Conditions Sample Pretreatment Results Discussion References Further Reading 18 Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials Lipids and Cardiovascular Risk Metabolic Pathways of Magnesium in the Lipid Profile Magnesium Supplementation in the Improvement of Lipid Profile REFERENCES FURTHER READING Part C: Macronutrients and Diabetes 19 Nutritional Management of Diabetes-A Critical Review Introduction Minerals Magnesium Zinc Chromium Olive Oil Coffee Tea Bitter Melon Vitamin E (Tocopherol) MUFA, PUFA, and Saturated Fatty Acids (SFAs) Omega-3 Fatty Acid Findings on Fruits and Vegetables Vegetarian Diets and Nutrient Deficiencies Dietary Patterns Carbohydrate Diet Protein Diet Conclusion REFERENCES 20 Phytotherapeutics in Diabetes and Diabetic Complications Introduction Phytotherapeutics in Prediabetes Phytotherapeutics for Glycemic Control Phytotherapeutics in Diabetes-Associated Diseases Summary: Phytotherapeutics in an Integrative Diabetes Management References Further Reading 21 The Mediterranean Diet for an Effective Management of Metabolic Syndrome in Both Men and Women Introduction Metabolic Syndrome and Weight Loss MedDiet and Traditional CVD Risk Factors Associated With MetS MedDiet and Nontraditional CVD Risk Factors Associated With MetS Inflammation Endothelial Function Atherogenic LDL Particles Conclusions Summary Points References 22 Antidiabetic Efficacy of Citrus Fruits With Special Allusion to Flavone Glycosides Introduction Citrus Fruits Citrus Fruits and Diabetes Mellitus Citrus Flavone Glycosides Naringin Hesperidin Diosmin Conclusion References Part D: Functional Food and Diabetes 23 Nutritional and Therapeutic Applications of Prickly Pear Cacti Introduction Botanical Characteristics Nutritional and Medicinal Uses of Prickly Pear Cacti Medicinal Parts and Bioactive Ingredients Uses in Mexican Traditional Medicine Scientific Studies With Prickly Pear Cacti Animal Studies Using Different Species of Opuntia Human Studies With Using Various Species of Opuntia Conclusions References 24 Cardioprotective Potential of Flaxseeds in Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Flaxseed Flaxseeds as a Nutritional Therapy for Diabetes Weight Management Glucose Regulation Lipid Regulation Blood Pressure Regulation Flaxseeds: Dietary Recommendation Summary References 25 May Achillea Species Be a Source of Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus? Introduction The Taxonomy of the Genus Achillea L (Table 1)12-15 Botanical Characteristics of the Achillea Species11 Chemical Profile of Achillea Species Sesquiterpene Lactones Flavonoids Essential Oils Other Phenolic Compounds Other Compounds Antidiabetic and Hypoglycemic Activity Studies on Achillea Species Achillea biebersteinii Afan Achillea millefolium L Achillea santolina L Other Achillea Species Conclusion Summary Points References 26 Zingiberaceae Family Effects on Alpha-Glucosidase Activity: Implication for Diabetes Introduction Diabetes and Obesity Alpha-Glucosidase Enzymes as a Therapeutic Target for Diabetes Benefits of Zingiberaceae as an Antidiabetic Drug Zingiberaceae Family as an Inhibitor of Alpha-glucosidase Curcuma longa L Zingiber officinale Zingiber zerumbet Safety Study of Zingiberaceae Implication of Zingiberaceae as an Antidiabetic Drug Conclusions References 27 Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz. (Anacardiaceae): Profiles and Applications to Diabetes Introduction Botanical Description and Historical Background of Spondias pinnata in the Malesian Region Ethnobotanical Information Related to Spondias pinnata Antioxidant Properties of Spondias pinnata Conclusion References 28 Synergy Among Dietary Spices in Exerting Antidiabetic Influences Introduction Dietary Management of Diabetes Spices as Useful Antidiabetic Adjuncts Fenugreek (T. foenum-graecum) Garlic (A. sativum) and Onion (A. cepa) Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Cumin Seeds (C. cyminum) and Black Seeds (N. sativa) (Fig. 9) Synergy Among Spices in Exerting Antidiabetic Influence References 29 Human Milk as a Bioactive Food Introduction Prevalence of BF Milk Secretion Composition of HM: Bioactive Factors in HM Macronutrients Nitrogen Protein Nonprotein Nitrogen Fat Carbohydrates Micronutrients Vitamins Mineral and Trace Elements Bioactive Component of HM Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) Immunoglobulins Other Immunologic Components Milk Fat Globule Membrane Cells Growth Factors Benefits of BF for the Baby Short-Term Effects of BF Linear Growth Infectious Morbidity Effects on Atopic Disease Long-Term Effects BF and Blood Pressure in Later Life BF and Blood Cholesterol in Later Life BF and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Later Life Neurodevelopment Immune-Related Diseases BF and Women's Health BF and Cancer Lactation and the Risk of Maternal Cardiovascular Disease Osteoporosis Clinical Application of Bioactive Milk Components: Future Research List of Relevant Web Pages References 30 Juniperus Species: Features, Profile and Applications to Diabetes Introduction Scientific Classification Botanical Description Phytochemicals Present in Juniperus Species Traditional Uses and Biological Activities of Junipers Juniperus Species in the Treatment of Diabetes Conclusion Summary Points References 31 Honey: Profile and Features: Applications to Diabetes Introduction Antidiabetic Profile and Features of Honey Fructose Oligosaccharides Inorganic Honey Constituents with Antidiabetic Profile Antioxidant Profile and Features of Honey Honey: Application to Diabetes Role of Honey in Insulin Deficiency and Insulin Resistance Role of Honey in Diabetes-Induced Metabolic Derangements Preclinical Studies Clinical Studies Role of Honey in Diabetes-Induced Complications Role of Honey in Diabetic Microvascular Complications Role of Honey in Diabetic Macrovascular Complications Conclusions and Recommendations Disclosure/Conflict of Interests References 32 Citrullus colocynthis and Its Potential Role Against Diabetes and Its Complications Introduction Common Names Distribution Botanical Descriptions Traditional Uses Diabetes Mellitus Animal Studies on C. colocynthis and Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Studies on C. colocynthis and Diabetes Mellitus Mechanism of Action Conclusion References 33 Red Sour Cherry for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Scientific Classification Botanical Description Antioxidant activity of Red Sour Cherry Antidiabetic Activity of Red Sour Cherry Adverse Effects Summary Points References 34 A Review of the Effects of Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit) and Its Flavonoids, Naringin, and Naringenin in Metab ... Introduction Methodology Effect on Hyperglycemia In Vivo Studies In Vitro Studies Clinical Studies Effect on Dyslipidemia In Vivo Studies In Vitro Studies Clinical Studies Effect on Obesity In Vivo Studies In Vitro Studies Clinical Studies Effect on Hypertension In Vivo Studies Ex Vivo Studies Clinical Studies Effect on Atherosclerosis In Vivo Studies In Vitro Studies Ex Vivo Studies Clinical Studies Conclusion References 35 Diabetes Care and Wound Healing Using Nauclea latifolia, Manihot esculenta, and Other Natural Products Introduction Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes and Wound Healing Burden and Impact of Diabetes Management of Diabetes M. esculenta (Euphorbiaceae) Medicinal Importance of M. esculenta N. latifolia (Rubiaceae) Hypoglycaemic Activity of N. latifolia Antidiabetic Effect Wound Healing Effects Antidiabetic, Hypoglycemic, and Wound Healing Properties of Other Medicinal Plants Conclusion References 36 Intervention of Prediabetes by Flavonoids From Oroxylum indicum Introduction Intervention of Prediabetes by Flavonoids From O. indicum In Vivo The Mechanism of Prediabetes Prevention by the Flavonoids From O. indicum The Effects on α-Glucosidase The Effects on Insulin Resistance The Effect on Oxidative Stress Other Possible Mechanisms for T2DM Prevention Prospect of Flavonoids of O. indicum in T2DM Prevention References 37 The Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Herb Tangluoning in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Introduction The Body of the Chapter Basic Research Diabetic Model and Treatment Determination of Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Glucose Level Determination of Reaction Time to Heat and Cold Stimulation Determination of Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) of Sciatic Nerve Protein Digestion and Peptide Labeling High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Statistical Analyses Results TLN Alleviated STZ-induced Diabetic Symptoms Quantitative Analysis of Mitochondrial Proteins Qualitative Analysis of Mitochondrial Proteins Discussion Clinical Trial Data and Methods General Data Clinical Diagnostic Criteria Standard for TCM Syndrome Differentiation Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Method Adjustment Phase Treatment Phase Observe Indicators Safety Indicators General Indicators Curative Effect Indictors Efficacy Criteria Statistical Method Result Comparison on General Conditions of Two Groups Comparison on Curative Effect of Two Groups Comparison on Clinical Symptoms Improvement of Two Groups Comparison on Diabetic Neuropathy Score of Two Groups Comparison on Neurological Symptoms of Two Comparison on EMG Before and After Treatment of Two Groups Comparison on Serum Oxidative Stress of Two Groups Adverse Reactions Discussion Conclusion References Further Reading 38 The Antidiabetes Effect and Efficacy of Rosa rugosa Thunb Introduction Ethnopharmacological Function Phytochemicals Present in R. rugosa Thunb Biological Effect of R. rugosa Thunb R. rugosa Thunb in the Treatment of Diabetes The Effects of R. rugosa Thunb on Diabetic Complication-Related Diseases Lipid Lowing Effects Antihepatotoxic Cardioprotective Antihypertensive Antiinflammatory Antioxidant Other Biological Effect of R. rugosa Thunb Antihyperplasia Antistress Antibacterial Antiallergic Antihistone Acetyltransferase Prostate Cancer Anti-HIV Safety and Toxicity Evaluation Clinical Application Conclusion References 39 Beneficial Role of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Functional Factors in the Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome Introduction Phytochemicals, the Secondary Metabolites Isolated From Chickpea The Content of Total Saponins and Its Structures Isoflavones, Increased in Germination and Its Structures Chemical Compositions From Chickpeas Total Protein and Peptides Dietary Fiber and Oligosaccharides Preventing Metabolic Syndrome and Management of Diabetes Modulating the Glycemic Response Regulate Dyslipidemia Antioxidant Activity Improving Insulin Resistance CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Further Reading 40 Nigella sativa: A Medicinal and Edible Plant That Ameliorates Diabetes Introduction N. sativa in Folk Medicine and in Diet Description and Chemical Composition of N. sativa The Beneficial Effect of N. sativa on Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome Hypoglycemic and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of N. sativa The Antihyperlipidemia Effect of N. sativa Antiobesity Effect of N. sativa Antiinflammatory Effect of N. sativa Antioxidant Effect of N. sativa Anticardiovascular Effect of N. sativa PTP1B Inhibitory Activity of N. sativa Other Biological Activities of N. sativa Toxicological Studies and Safety of N. sativa Conclusion References Further Reading 41 Application of Pomegranate Flower in Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Preventive and Therapeutic Effect on Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemic Effects Lipid Effects Hepatoprotective Effects Protective Effect on Vascular Endothelium of Diabetic Rats Antioxidant References 42 Traditional Herbal Products Used for the Management of Diabetes in Croatia: Linking Traditional Use With α-Gl ... Introduction Materials and Methods Study Area and Its Climate Data Collection Results and Discussion Collection of Ethnobotanical Data Plant Species Recommended for Treatment of Diabetes Relevant Ethnobotanical Use and Pharmacological Activity of the Reported Medicinal Plants Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Activity by the Medicinal Plants Used for Diabetes Conclusions References Index Back Cover