دانلود کتاب Birds by Night

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Cover\nContents\nPreface\nChapter 1 The Dead of Night?\n The nocturnal habit in birds\n Diurnal man and night-time\nChapter 2 What is Night-time?\n Experiencing natural night-time\n Adapting to the dark\n The variability of night-time light levels\n Defining night-time light levels\n Night-time, latitude and season\n Luminance and illumination\n Concluding remarks\nChapter 3 Defining Nocturnality\nChapter 4 Occasional Nocturnal Activities in Birds\n Night migration\n Which species migrate at night?\n Nocturnal migration as a \"local\" strategy\n How do nocturnal migrants guide themselves?\n Nocturnal migration in perspective\n Night singing\n Night attendance at nests\n The sensory bases of nest location\n Occasional night foraging\n Pelagic sea-birds\n Waders and waterfowl\n Arctic birds\n Nocturnal aerial roosting\n Concluding remarks\nChapter 5 Crepuscular Activity in Birds\n Defining twilight and crepuscular activity\n Crepuscular activities in birds\n Dawn chorus and the daily on-set of song\n Display flights of woodcocks\n Crepuscular hunting in falcons\n Crepuscular hunting in the Bat Hawk\n Crepuscular foraging in skimmers\n Common constraints and solutions to crepuscular activity\nChapter 6 Cave Dwelling Birds\n The cave birds\n Echolocation and cave dwelling\n Ecbolocation in humans\n Limitations upon ecbolocation in birds\n Bird flight guided by echolocation\n Olfaction and cave dwelling\n Sensory and cognitive aspects of cave dwelling\nChapter 7 Regularly Nocturnal Birds\n Nocturnal, flightless birds\n The kiwis\n The nocturnal parrots\n Nocturnal flying birds\n Nocturnality among the Charadriiformes\n Nocturnality among the Caprimulgiformes\n Nocturnality among the owls (Strigiformes)\nChapter 8 The Senses of Owls\n Echolocation and olfaction\n Sensitivity to infra-red radiation\n Vision\n Absolute sensitivity to light\n Assessment of visual sensitivity\n Visual sensitivity in context\n Spatial resolution\n Eye shape, eye size and visual fields\n Vision at high light levels\n Vision: an overview\n Hearing\n Hearing and prey capture\n Sound localisation\n Sensitivity to sound\n Hearing: an overview\nChapter 9 The Owls\' Solution to Nocturnality\n Prey capture by hearing and \"flying blind\"\n Nocturnality and natural history: the nocturnal syndrome\n Visual perception and minimal sensory information\n A sedentary life-style and nocturnal mobility\n Territorially, spatial memory and nocturnality\nChapter 10 Further Light on Night Birds?\n Sensory capacities and nocturnal foraging\n Flight at night\n General lessons from the owls\n Further problems\nAppendices\nReferences\nIndex\n A\n B\n C\n D\n E\n F\n G\n H\n I\n K\n L\n M\n N\n O\n P\n Q\n R\n S\n T\n U\n V\n W\n Y\n Z