دانلود کتاب Chinese Lexical Semantics: 23rd Workshop, CLSW 2022, Virtual Event, May 14–15, 2022, Revised Selected Papers, Part I

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CLSW 2022 Preface Organization Contents – Part I Contents – Part II Lexical Semantics Divergence and Convergence in Tense and Aspect Meanings of “guo” and “le” 1 Introduction 2 Divergence in Aspect and Tense Meanings of guo and le 2.1 Aspect and Tense Meanings of le了 Sample 2.2 Aspect and Tense Meanings of guo过 3 Convergence in Aspect and Tense Meanings of guo and le 3.1 Semantic Convergence Caused by Co-occurrence of Aspect Markers 3.2 Aspect and Tense Meanings Caused by Other Sentence Components 4 Summary References A Corpus-Based Study on the Syllablic Form Selection of Ancient Chinese High-Frequency Nouns in the Middle Ages 1 Introduction 2 Workflow and Results 3 Analysis of Newly Emerged Lexical Syllabic Forms 4 Conclusion References On the Emergence of Positive Meaning of Xiāngdāng from the Structure of Xiāngdāng de NP 1 Introduction 2 The Emergence Process of the High Quantity Meaning of Xiāngdāng (de) NP: Attribute Prominence to Quantity Prominence 2.1 The Semantic Evolution of Xiāngdāng 2.2 The Emergence Process and Restrictive Factors of High Quantity Meaning of Xiāngdāng 3 The Emergence Process of Positive Meaning of Xiāngdāng (de) NP: Form Quantity Prominence to Attribute Prominence 3.1 The Relationship Between Positive Meaning and High Quantity of Degree Meaning of Xiāngdāng 3.2 The Solidification of Positive Meaning of Xiāngdāng 4 Conclusion References Active and Passive Expressions of Tolerance: A Semantic Analysis of the Near-Synonyms ren3 and shou4 Based on MARVS Theory 1 Introduction 2 Previous Studies on ren3 and shou4 3 MARVS Theory 4 Methodology 5 Results and Analysis 5.1 Overall Distribution 5.2 Event Module: Structure and Attributes 5.3 Role Module: Roles and Attributes 6 Discussion References A Study of Nominal Verbs in Modern Chinese Based on Shannon-Wiener Index——Case Studies on “Bianhua” Words 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Words Under the “变化(Bianhua, Change)” Sense Category 4 Word Pluripotency Index 5 Experimental Results and Analysis 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion and Future Work References The Causativity of Preposition “Dui (for)” 1 Introduction 2 The Syntactic Condition that “DUI(FOr)” Introduces a Causer 2.1 Differences in Predicates 2.2 Differences in Syntactic Position of Objects 3 The Semantic Condition that “Dui(for)” Introduces a Causer 3.1 The Core Semantic Feature of Preposition “Dui(for)” 3.2 The Semantic Derivation of Preposition “Dui(for)” 3.3 The Semantic Structure of Preposition “Dui(for)” 4 Conclusion References Construction of Grammar Collocation Library for International Chinese Language Education and Difficulty Standard 1 Introduction 2 Basic Data and Technical Methods 2.1 BCC Corpus 2.2 BCC Search Strategy 3 The Experimental Data 3.1 The Standards 3.2 The Trinitarian Grammar 4 Mining and Extraction of Collocation Knowledge 4.1 Mining Method 4.2 Collocation Extraction 5 Results Analysis 5.1 The Result of the Extraction 5.2 Results Analysis 6 Conclusion References The Study of Causal Nouns in Mandarin Chinese: From the Perspective of Syntactic Realization and Pragmatic Function 1 Introduction 2 The Semantic Information of Causal Nouns 2.1 Content Information and Effect Information 2.2 Syntactic Distribution of Effect Information 2.3 Syntactic Distribution of Content Information 2.4 Distributional Difference of Effect and Content Information 3 The Semantic Status of Content and Effect Information 3.1 Interrogative Test 3.2 Negative Test 3.3 Meaning of Causal Nouns 4 Differences Between Causal Nouns and Causal Conjunctions 4.1 Stylistic Differences 4.2 Information Adjustment Function 5 Conclusion References Construction of Effective News Corpus in Commodity Futures Domain 1 Introduction 2 Construction of FENC 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Annotation Specification 2.3 Annotation 2.4 Data Analysis 3 Recognition of Effective News 3.1 Classification Models 3.2 Results 3.3 Automatic Construction of Extended Efficient News Dataset FENC-E 4 Conclusion References MSDD: A Multimodal Language Dateset for Stance Detection 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Dataset 3.1 Data Acquisition 3.2 Annotation Process 3.3 Qualitative Aspects 3.4 Dataset Statistics 4 Features Extraction 5 Experiments 5.1 Experimental Setup 5.2 Baselines 5.3 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Novel Lexical Semantic Change and Interactivization 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Previous Studies on Adjective-Causative Alternation 2.2 Previous Studies on Noun-TransitiveV Alternation 2.3 Interactional Linguistics and Usage-Based Approach 3 Database and Method 4 Emerging Changes: From Non-verbal to Verbal Usage 4.1 The Adjective-Causative Alternation 4.2 The Noun-transitiveV Alternation 5 A Case Study of nèihán 内涵 ‘Inner Quality/Covert Message’ 6 Summary and Discussion 7 Conclusion References The Phonetic Types, Mechanism, and Motivation of Syllable Contraction of “Numerals + Ge” in Henan Dialect 1 Introduction 2 The Syllable Contraction Types, Dialect Distribution, and Historical Stage of “numerals+ge” 2.1 The Syllable Contraction Types and Dialect Distribution 2.2 The Syllable Contraction of Historical Stages of “Numerals + ge” 3 The Generating Process of Syllable Contraction of “numerals and ge” 3.1 The Process of Syllable Contraction of “YI GE, SI GE, WU Ge, Liu Ge, Qi Ge, Jiu Ge, Ji Ge” 3.2 The Process of Syllable Contraction of ''Liang Ge, San Ge, Ba Ge'' 4 The Motivation of Combination of Numerals and ''Ge'' in Henan Dialect 4.1 “ge” Does not Have the Quantify Function 4.2 Generalization of classifiers “ge” in Henan dialect 4.3 Usage Frequency and Combination Play an Important Role in Communication 4.4 The Principle of “One Pronunciation, One Meaning” Promotes the Merge of Numerals and Quantifiers 5 Conclusion References A Hybrid Account of the Expressivity in Mandarin Nominals 1 Introduction 2 Some Empirical Generalizations 2.1 Unsubstitutivity 2.2 Semantic Restrictions 2.3 Compound Complexity 2.4 Interim Summary 3 A Hybrid Account 3.1 Diagnosing the Expressivity 3.2 Semantic Derivation 4 Conclusion References The Relationship Between the Emphatic Meaning and the Adversative Meaning from the Perspective of Linguistic Typology: The Cases of Chinese Kě and Jiùshì 1 Introduction 2 Two Chinese Cases from the Emphatic Meaning to the Adversative Meaning 2.1 The Semantic Change of Kě 2.2 The Semantic Change of Jiùshì 3 A Cross-Linguistic Examination of the Relationship Between the Emphatic Meaning and the Adversative Meaning 3.1 Two Meanings of English But 3.2 Two Meanings of German Aber 3.3 Two Meanings of French Mais 3.4 Two Meanings of Spanish Pero 3.5 Two Meanings of Korean나(na) 4 The Law of Semantic Change from the Emphatic Meaning to the Adversative Meaning 4.1 Conditions from the Emphatic Meaning to the Adversative Meaning 4.2 The Direction from the Emphatic Meaning to the Adversative Meaning 4.3 Mechanisms from the Emphatic Meaning to the Adversative Meaning 5 Conclusion References Research on the Semantic Map of Multifunctional Morpheme Cong 1 Forword 2 Function Entries and Synchronic Semantic Investigation of “Cong(从)” 3 Function Entries and Diachronic Semantic Investigation of “Cong(从)” 3.1 Semantic Function of “Cong(从)” in Ancient Chinese 3.2 Semantic Function of “Cong(从)” in Middle Chinese 3.3 Semantic Function of “Cong(从)” in Early Modern Chinese 4 Synchronic Semantic Mapping of “Cong(从)” 5 Conclusions References Aspectuality and Subjectivity of Le in Chinese Conditionals 1 Introduction 2 Two les in Conditionals 3 lecon as Hybrid Marker 3.1 Aspectuality: Change of State 3.2 Subjectivity: Expectation of the Speaker 3.3 Combining Aspectuality with Subjectivity 4 Conclusion References Research on the Phenomenon of Tone Sandhi of BB in ABB-Pattern Adjectives from the Perspective of Coercion Effects 1 Introduction 2 BB’S Tone Sandhi Pattern 2.1 Characteristics of BB’S Tone Sandhi 2.2 Influencing Factors of BB’S Tone Sandhi 3 Analysis on the Motivation of Tone Sandhi of BB Under Coercion Effects 4 Reasons for Some BBs not Changing Tones 5 Conclusion References Extracting Concepts and Semantic Associates for Teaching Tang 300 Poems to L2 Learners 1 Introduction 2 Constructing a Small Domain Ontology 3 A Diachronic Comparison 3.1 Animal Words and Upper Ontology Nodes 3.2 Identifying Similarities and Differences 3.3 Analysis on the Identical Concepts with Exactly Same Expressions in Chinese 4 Conclusion References Tracing Lexical Semantic Change with Distributional Semantics: Change and Stability 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Interval Comparisons 4.2 Word Comparisons 5 Conclusions References A Study on the Recovery of Omitted Constituents in Chinese Elliptical Sentences 1 Introduction 2 Ellipsis Corpus Extraction and Annotation 3 Scoping of Elliptical Sentence 3.1 Ellipsis 3.2 The Definition of Ellipsis in Our Work 4 Linguistic Explanation for the Recovery of Omitted Components 4.1 The Generalized Topic Structure 4.2 The Subject-Omission and the Non-Subject Structure 4.3 Complex Subject Roles 4.4 Complex Central Arguments 4.5 Complex Subject-Predicate Structures 4.6 Other Elliptical Constituents 5 Conclusion References Recognition of Disyllabic Intransitive Verbs and Study on Disyllabic Intransitive Verbs Taking Objects Based on Structure Retrieval 1 Introduction 2 Research Status 3 The Identification Basis of Object Semantic Roles and Verb Structure Types 3.1 Semantic Role System 3.2 Verb Structure Types 4 Data Foundation 4.1 Dictionary Resources and Corpus Resources 4.2 BCC Structure Retrieval System 4.3 Recognition of Disyllabic Intransitive Verbs and Acquisition of Their Objects 5 Econometric Analysis of Disyllabic Intransitive Verbs with Object Structure 5.1 The Structural Types of Intransitive Verbs with Object 5.2 The Semantic Role of the Object of Intransitive Verbs 6 Conclusion References The Introduction of Positive Position in “VWish + VPneg” and Its Pragmatic Consequences 1 Introduction 2 Different Meanings of “VWish + VPneg” 3 The Introduction of Positive Position by Negation 4 Conclusion References A Grammatical Study of Chinese Counter-Expectation Marker “Jìngrán” -in Comparison with Korean Counter-Expectation Marker “-tani” 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 The Syntactic Similarities and Differences between the Chinese and Korean Counter-Expectation Markers “Jìngrán” and “-tani” 4 The Similarities and Differences in the Types of the Expectation Semantic of “Jìngrán” and “-tani” 5 The Pragmatic Similarity and Differences of Chinese and Korean Counter-Expectation Marker “Jìngrán” and “-tani” 6 Comparison between Chinese and Korean Counter-Expectation Markers “Jìngrán” and “-tani” 7 The Reasons for Similarities and Differences between Chinese and Korean Counter-expectation Markers “Jìngrán” and “-tani” 8 Conclusion References Variations in Alternative Pattern of Light Verb Construction Between Taiwan and Mainland Mandarin 1 Introduction 2 Research Question and Methodology 3 Data Analyses 3.1 The First Research Question 3.2 The Second Research Question 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Responses to Questions in Mandarin Chinese 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Confirmation of a Proposition Inquired or Not 4 Conclusion References Semantic Dependency Analysis of Special Sentence Patterns in Ancient Chinese 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Semantic Dependency Graph Corpus of Ancient Chinese 3.1 Labeling Rules 3.2 Annotation Platform and Automatic Semantic Parser 4 Semantic Dependency Labeling Rules for Special Sentence Patterns in Ancient Chinese 4.1 Object Preposition Sentence 4.2 Passive Sentence 4.3 Elliptical Sentence 4.4 Determinative Sentence 4.5 Attribute Postposition Sentence 4.6 Prepositional Structure Postposition Sentence 5 Conclusion and Future Work References A Study on the Selection Mechanism of the Chinese Loan Words of the Same Signified with Different Signifiers 1 Preface 2 Factors Influencing the Occupation of the Chinese Loan Words of the Same Signified with Two Signifiers 2.1 Translation Strategies 2.2 Morpheme Meaning 2.3 The Number of Syllables 2.4 The Preference of Chinese Characters 2.5 Other Situations 3 Selection Mechanism of Chinese Loan Words of the Same Signified with Two Signifiers 3.1 The Principle of Expression Clarity 3.2 The Principle of Form Simplicity 3.3 The Principle of Cultural Adaptation 4 Conclusion References: A Case Study on Scalar Ordering Relations of Chinese Adverbs 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Method 3.1 Participants 3.2 Materials 3.3 Procedure 3.4 Target Questions and Examples 3.5 Data Conversion 4 Results 4.1 Temporal Adverbs (jiāngyào/kuàiyào/jiùyào) 4.2 Frequency Adverbs (ǒu’ěr/yǒushí/jīngcháng) 4.3 Degree Adverbs (yǒudiǎn/hěn/shífēn) 4.4 The Semantic Strength of the Maximum Reference Adverbs 4.5 Discussion on the Difference in Semantic Strength Between Dimensions 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion Appendix: Experimental Materials and Question Lists References Study of Chinese Words in Diachronic Corpus of Newspaper 1 Introduction 2 Related Research 2.1 Research on Diachronic Evolution of Modern Chinese Vocabulary 2.2 Quantitative Research on Vocabulary Evolution 2.3 Research on Newspaper Lexicon 3 Use of Chinese Vocabulary 3.1 The Standard for Word Segmentation 3.2 Corpus Description 3.3 Word Types and Tokens 3.4 The Richness of Word Use 3.5 Word Length 3.6 Word Used in One Period 3.7 New Words 4 Conclusion References The Similarities and Differences of Thanks Responses between Native Speakers and Mandarin Teaching Materials in Taiwan 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Data Analysis 4.1 The Distribution of Thanks Responses Strategies in Mandarin Teaching Materials 4.2 The Distribution of Thanks Response Strategies in Observational Data 4.3 The Distribution of Thanks Responses Strategies in Spoken Corpus 5 General Discussion 5.1 The Distribution of Thanks Responses Strategies in Three Sources 5.2 The Distribution of Strategy D and Zero Sign in Three Sources 6 Conclusion References A Study on the Positional Relationship Between Preposition-Object Structures and Predicate Components in Mozi Based on Corpus 1 Introduction 2 The Position of Preposition-Object Structures in Mozi 2.1 Prepositions that Appear Only Before the Predicate Components 2.2 Prepositions that Appear Only After the Predicate Components 2.3 Prepositions that Appear Before and After the Predicate Components 3 The Relationship Between the Semantic Features of Preposition-Object Structures and Their Position 4 The Relationship Between the Characteristics of Predicate Components and the Position of Preposition-Object Structures 4.1 Relationship Between Grammatical Features of Predicate Components and Preposition-Object Structures’ Position 4.2 Relationship Between the Number of Predicate Components’ Syllables and the Positions of Preposition-Object Structures 5 Summary References The First Step to Resolve the Centennial Controversy Over the Adverb Dōu: Classification 1 Introduction: Make Clear the Starting Point and Direction in the Dispute 2 Review on the Existing Views of Classifying the Adverb Dōu 2.1 The Origins of the Existing Views of Classifying Dōu 2.2 To Review the Current Views on Classifying Dōu 3 The Distinctive Features Between Dōua and Dōub 3.1 What Semantic Features are the Distinctive Features of Dōua and Dōub? 3.2 The Semantic Core of dōua 3.3 The Semantic Core of dōub 3.4 The Opposition Between the Semantic Cores of dōua and dōub References The Syntactic Features of Chinese Verbs of Saluting 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 3 Syntactic Dependencies and the Intensity of Syntactic Collocations of Verbs of Saluting 4 The Entry Information of Verbs of Saluting 5 Conclusion Appendix References The Semantic Roles of Chinese Verbs of Saluting 1 Introduction 2 Semantic Roles of Verbs of Saluting 3 The Entry Information of Verbs of Saluting 4 Conclusion References A Study on the Context Mode of the Linking Verb “Shì” Addressing a New Branch Naming 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of the Clause Group of the Object New Branch Pattern with “Shì(是)" -Clause 2.1 Clause Group, Subject Branch Pattern and Object New Branch Pattern 2.2 The Corpus of “Shì(是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 2.3 The Literal Formal Feature of “Shì(是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 2.4 The Semantic Feature of “Shì(是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 3 Analysis of the Clause Group of the Object New Branch Pattern with “Bù Shì(不是) "-Clause 3.1 The Corpus of “Bù Shì(不是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 3.2 The Literal Formal Feature of “Bù Shì(不是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 3.3 The Semantic Feature of “Bù Shì(不是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 4 The Context Mode of the Linking Verb “Shì(是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 4.1 The Feature of “Shì(是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 4.2 The Process of Interpreting the Linking Verb “Shì(是)" Addressing a New Branch Naming 5 Conclusion References Taking Comparison Between the Degree Adverbs in Northeast Dialect and Taiwanese Mandarin from Three Perspectives——Taking Lǎo and Chāo as Examples 1 Introduction 2 Corpus Resources 3 The Usage of Lǎo 3.1 The Semantic Features of Lǎo 3.2 The Grammatical Features of Lǎo 3.3 The Pragmatic Features of Lǎo 4 The Usage of Chāo 4.1 The Semantic Features of Chāo 4.2 The Grammatical Features of Chāo 4.3 The Pragmatic Features of Chāo 4.4 The Modified Components can be New Information or Old Information 5 Comparative Analysis of Lǎo and Chāo 5.1 From the Semantic Perspective 5.2 From the Grammatical Perspective 5.3 From the Pragmatic Perspective 6 Conclusion References Exploration of the Semantic Differences of Motion Verbs from the Perspective of Image Schemas——Taking the Verbs “lā”, “ zhuài” and “tuō” as Examples 1 Introduction 2 The Theory of Analyzing the Meaning of Motion Verbs 3 Image Schemas of the Verb tuō 3.1 The Agent Forces the Trajector to Move in the Direction of the Agent 3.2 Trajector Dropping (State Meaning) 3.3 The Trajector is Away from the Landmark (Generation Meaning) 4 The Difference Between the Verbs lā, zhuài,and tuō 4.1 The Difference Between lā and zhuài 4.2 The Difference Between zhuài and tuō 4.3 The Difference Between lā and tuō 4.4 Summary of Differences References A Corpus-Based Study of the Usage of Chinese Core Separable Words in the Use of Language 1 Introduction 2 Selection and Cleaning of the Language Materials 3 Characteristics of the Discrete Form of the Core Disjunctive 3.1 Features of Split Frequencies 3.2 Features of Inserted Components 4 Core Separable Words in International Chinese Language Education 4.1 Selection and Collation of the Corpus 4.2 Characteristics of the Core Separable Words for Non-native Chinese Speakers 5 Conclusion References Mandarin Analytic Causative Constructions with Shǐ and Ràng: A Usage-Based Collostructional Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Data and Method 3.1 Corpora and Data Retrieval 3.2 Method: Collostructional Analysis 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 SCA of SHI and RANG-Cxn 4.2 DCA of SHI and RANG-Cxn 5 Concluding Remarks References Topic and Focus in the Left Periphery of Old Xiang: Syntactic Cartography and Semantic Constraints 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Cartography of Topic and Focus in Indo-European Languages 2.2 Cartography of Topics and Foci in Mandarin 3 Inventory of Topic and Focus in Old Xiang 3.1 Types of Topics and Foci 3.2 DPLD, PPLD, and HT as Different Types of Topics 4 Mapping of Topics and Foci in the Left Periphery of Old Xiang 4.1 The “lian” (Even) Focus Lower Than the Topics Within the CP Domain 4.2 The “lian” (Even) Focus Higher Than the Topics Within the CP Domain 5 Conclusion References Author Index