دانلود کتاب Complex Trauma Regulation in Children: A Body-Based Attachment Approach

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Preface
Introduction
Why This Book?
Dance and Movement
Movement Notation: Laban and Kestenberg
Cultural Lens
Pre-efforts
Sensorimotor Psychotherapy
References
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
Part I: Background Theory and Research
Chapter 1: What Is Complex Trauma?
Sam-Abandonment
A Flared Focus
Attachment and Brain Development
Physiology
The Use of Yourself
References
Chapter 2: The Process of Attachment
John Bowlby
Bowlby and Infant Observation
Mary Ainsworth
Strange Situation and Attachment Styles
Secure Attachment
Insecure Avoidant
Insecure Ambivalent
Disorganized Disoriented
Allen
Attachment, Neglect, and Abuse
Alice
Donald Winnicott
“Good Enough Mother”
Pam
Wilfred Bion
Peter Fonagy: A Theory of the Mind
Louise Kaplan
Sophie
Nancy
Judith Kestenberg: Attunement and Flow
References
Chapter 3: Neurology and the Development of Regulation
The Early Brain
Neurology and Attachment
Awareness of the Neurological Basis of Regulation and Behaviors
Ryan
The Brain
The Brain’s Structure
Lower Brain Regions
The Cerebellum
The Limbic System
Basal Ganglia
Cingulate Cortex
Insula
Corpus Callosum
The Cerebral Cortex
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Vulnerability
Attachment and the Development of Regulation
Neurological Changes and Dysregulation
John
The Impact of Trauma on the Developing Brain
Brain Integration
Fear of Novelty
Summary
Damage or Adaption?
Adrian
References
Chapter 4: But Physiology Plays a Part in Complex Trauma!
Balance and Homeostasis
Stress Systems
Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis (HPA Axis)
The Hypothalamus
The Pituitary
Cortisol and Adrenaline
Feedback Loop
Chronic Stress and Cortisol
Priming
In Utero: Stress and the Fetus
Drug Exposure: Early Physiological Developments
Stress and the Polyvagal Theory
Social Engagement System: Ventral Vagal Circuit
Play
Sympathetic Circuit: Fight or Flight
Dorsal Vagal Circuit: Shutting Down or “Playing Possum”
Neuroception Versus Perception
“My Sweater Tried to Kill Me”: A Neglected 7-Year-Old Boy
Background
Clinical Presentation
Therapy
The Sweater Incident
Regression-Survival and Safety
The “Window of Tolerance”
A World View
A Sensitized Alarm Response
The Polyvagal Ladder
Marianne
Annie: Dorsal Vagal Response
David: Sympathetic Response: Fight and Flight
Fawning
Allostatic Load
Stress in Infancy
Use Dependent Shifts
The Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) Study: Childhood Matters
Even Sleep!
The Effects of Stress on Genetics and Priming
Endogenous Opiate Response to Stress
Oxytocin
Being Proactive
Avoiding the Deer on the Road
References
Chapter 5: The Child’s Managing Behaviors
Regulation in a Caring Environment
Our View of the Managing Behaviors Matters
Management and Understanding: Two Important Pillars
Resetting a Secure Base
What Do Animals Do When Under Threat?
The Experiential Canalization Theory
Secondary Strategies to Attachment
Sonny
Anticipation of Threat: Sensory Vigilance
Attention Deficit Disorder
Visual Bias
Auditory Bias and Stress
Language Changes
Managing the Stress Through Behaviors
Aggression: Fight
Dissociation: Freezing
Sandra
Domestic Violence
Sexual Abuse
Neglect
Medical Procedures and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Dysregulated or Unregulated?
A Traumatized Child’s Managing Behaviors in the School Setting
In the Classroom
Rewards and Consequences
Resilience
Trying to Feel Safe
References
Chapter 6: How Does the Modulating Caregiver Impact a Child’s Regulation?
Attunement?
Mirror Neurons
Feelings in the Body
The Impact of How We Move and Respond: Kestenberg
William: Regulating with a Sigh
The Elements of a Movement
Pre-efforts
Genuine Attunement
Intersubjective Experiences
Right Brain to Right Brain
Neural Connections
Interactive Slow Frame Movement Observations
Social Engagement: Polyvagal Theory
On the Inpatient Unit
Synchronicity of Heart Rhythms
Take a Breath
Eye Gaze
Pupil Dilation
Gaze Patterns and Dynamics
Increasing Self Control
Motherese
Womb Security and Rhythm
Biochemistry
Touch Communicates Support and Protection
Aliveness
Putting These Elements Together
Charlene: I Don’t Want to Be Here. I Was Forced to Come!
References
Part II: Intervention: The Body-Based and Attachment Approach to Complex Trauma Regulation in Children
Chapter 7: Safety and Attunement
Secure Base
Mabel
“Being Contained” and “Being Held”
References
Chapter 8: The Assessment of the Child with a Complex Trauma History
The Start of the Assessment Process
Occupational Therapy
Observations
Questionnaires
The Telephone Intake
Other Sources of Information
The Waiting Room
Transitions
Entering the Clinic Room
The Formal Set-Up of Assessments
Safety First
Keeping Predictability
Verbal Processing or Modeling
Formal Assessment Tools
The Puzzle
References
Chapter 9: The Environmental “Container”
Primary Safety
The Surrounding Physical Space Does Matter
It Takes Time
Let’s Look at the “Physical” Container
Maybe This Room Is Too Large!
What Is the Child Selecting?
Small Can Be Good
Now Let’s Talk About Open Spaces
Consistency in Space Use
The Guided Use of the Equipment and Physical Safety
The “Just Enough” Challenge
Equipment: Containment Qualities
What Are Other Container Choices in a Room?
The Ball Pit
Michael
Ground With the Ground!
Even Cardboard Blocks Can Create a Secure Base
Adam
How Much? Which Swing?
But Isn’t This Like the Sensory Integration or Sensory Processing Approach?
“Stability Before Mobility”….“I Am, I Do”
Triggers
Now How Can We Use the Swing Differently?
Swings and Matching Them to the Child’s Attachment “Container” Needs
Fred
Find Me!
Phillip
Susan
Past Reflections
Out of the Clinic
When Does the Felt Sense of Safety Start?
Can I Take the Risk?
References
Chapter 10: Safety and the Therapeutic Management Strategies for Carers and Therapists
The Therapeutic Use of Self
Mirrors and Reflections
What Can We Notice?
Body Language
Literal “Holding”
Primary Caregiver Holding
The Therapist
Perceived Holding and Creating a Sense of Safety: Shaping and Response
Proximity
Postures and Gestures
Posture: Full Body Involvement
Stillness
Here Are Those Elements Again: Weight, Time, and Direction
Playing With Equipment Adjustments
Get Out of Your Head and Into Your Body
The Pre-effort Elements
Eye Gaze and Orienting
Samuel
Brian
Voice Prosody
Rhythm
Music
Touch
Heidi
Brushing
The Brush
The Technique
Warmth
And Don’t Forget Playfulness!
Caregiver Education
References
Conclusion
Reference
Index