دانلود کتاب Decline of the Sea Turtles : Causes and Prevention.

فهرست مطالب :

Decline of the Sea Turtles
Copyright
Preface
Contents
Executive Summary
LIFE HISTORIES OF SEA TURTLES
SEA TURTLE DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE
SEA TURTLE POPULATION TRENDS
NATURAL MORTALITY OF SEA TURTLES AND REPRODUCTIVE VALUE OF LIFE STAGES
SEA TURTLE MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN ACTIVITIES
The Shrimp Fishery
Other Fisheries
Dredging
Boat Collisions
Oil Platforms
Plastics and Debris
SEA TURTLE CONSERVATION
Eggs, Hatchlings, and Nesting Females
Nesting Habitat
Headstarting
Captive Breeding
Artificial Imprinting
Juveniles, Subadults, and Breeders. Prohibition of Intentional HarvestReduction of Unintentional Bycatch
Dredging
Collisions with Boats
Oil-Rig Removal
Power Plants
Plastics and Debris
Education
Research
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions
Recommendations
1 Introduction
2 Biology
KEMP'S RIDLEY
General Description
Population Distribution and Habitats
Foraging Areas
Nesting Areas
Food Habits
Reproduction and Growth
Major Threats to Survival
LOGGERHEAD
General Description
Population Distribution and Habitats
Foraging Areas
Nesting Areas
Food Habits
Reproduction and Growth. Major Threats to SurvivalGREEN TURTLE
General Description
Population Distribution and Habitats
Foraging Areas
Nesting Areas
Food Habits
Reproduction and Growth
Major Threats to Survival
HAWKSBILL
General Description
Population Distribution and Habitats
Foraging Areas
Nesting Areas
Food Habits
Reproduction and Growth
Major Threats to Survival
LEATHERBACK
General Description
Population Distribution and Habitats
Foraging Areas
Nesting Areas
Food Habits
Reproduction and Growth
Major Threats to Survival
OLIVE RIDLEY
3 Population Trends
KEMP'S RIDLEY
LOGGERHEAD. GREEN TURTLEHAWKSBILL
LEATHERBACK
SUMMARY
4 Distribution of Sea Turtles in U.S. Waters
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
Nesting Distribution
Pelagic Aerial Surveys
Sea Turtle Strandings
DISTRIBUTION
Nesting
Aerial Surveys
Strandings
ONSHORE, OFFSHORE, AND DEPTH DISTRIBUTION
SUMMARY
5 Natural Mortality and Critical Life Stages
BIOTIC SOURCES OF MORTALITY
Predation
Eggs and Hatchlings on the Beach
Hatchlings as They Leave the Beach
Larger Juveniles and Adults in the Water
Nesting Females on the Beach
Diseases and Parasites
Other Nesting Turtles
Vegetation. ABIOTIC SOURCES OF MORTALITYErosion, Accretion, and Tidal Inundation
Heavy Rains
Thermal Stress
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF NATURAL MORTALITY
SUMMARY
6 Sea Turtle Mortality Associated with Human Activities
MORTALITY OF SEA TURTLE EGGS AND HATCHLINGS
Beach Erosion and Accretion
Beach Armoring
Beach Nourishment
Artificial Lighting
Beach Cleaning
Increased Human Presence
Recreational Beach Equipment
Beach Vehicles
Exotic Dune and Beach Vegetation
MORTALITY OF SEA TURTLE JUVENILES AND ADULTS
Shrimp Fishing
Description of the Fishery
Distribution and Intensity of the Fishery.