دانلود کتاب Energy policies of IEA Countries France

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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: France Table of contents List of figures, tables and boxes 1. Executive summary and key recommendations Progress and challenges Energy system transformation Energy security Key recommendations Part I - Policy analysis 2. General energy policy Country overview Supply and demand Supply Demand Institutions Key policies for the energy transition The Energy Transition Act Planning and tracking of the energy transition Territorial planning Financing the energy transition Tax incentives and loans Green taxation Public funds Assessment Recommendations References 3. Climate change and air quality Overview Energy-related CO2 emissions Emission types Sources of CO2 emissions Carbon intensity Institutions Policies and measures Targets 2020 targets 2030 and 2050 targets Domestic targets Carbon budgets Carbon pricing European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS) Carbon pricing outside EU-ETS sectors Air quality Climate change adaptation Climate financing Assessment Recommendations References 4. Energy efficiency Final consumption of energy Energy intensity Energy efficiency progress Institutional framework Policies and measures Progress and policies in the residential sector Building stock Buildings Targets Policies and measures Labelling and training Economic incentives Public sector Public buildings Public procurement Appliances and equipment Progress and policies in the industry sector Policies and measures Economic incentives Progress and policies in the transport sector Policies and measures Freight transport Passenger transport Road transport Case study: electrification of the transport sector Benefits and challenges EV markets worldwide EV market development in France IEA 25 energy efficiency recommendations Assessment Buildings Transport Industry Recommendations References Part II - Sector analysis 5. NATURAL GAS Supply and demand trends Supply Imports and exports Demand Gas regulatory framework Gas infrastructure Transmission LNG facilities Underground storage Gas market structure Wholesale market Distribution Retail market Gas prices and taxes Gas security of supply policy Assessment Recommendations References 6. Oil Supply and demand trends Crude oil Oil products Demand Oil infrastructure Refining Storage Ports and pipelines Oil retail market structure Oil security Emergency response policy Emergency action plans Demand restraint measures Stock-draw mechanisms Oil prices and taxes Assessment Recommendations References 7. Coal Supply and demand trends Supply Demand Coal policies Assessment References 8. Electricity Supply and demand Generation Demand Imports and exports Institutions Industry structure Wholesale markets Market structure Market coupling Wholesale market price trends The French capacity market From demand-side management (DSM) to demand response (DR) Retailmarket Market structure Regulated tariffs Price trends Consumer engagement and smart grids Security of electricity supply Legal Framework Power system adequacy Network adequacy Transmission networks and interconnections Distribution networks Assessment Wholesale electricity market Electricity transmission and distribution networks Retail electricity market Recommendations References 9. Renewable energy Supply and demand Institutions Policies and measures Progress to 2020 Renewable electricity Reform and 2030 targets Renewable heat Renewable energy in district heating and cooling Renewable energy in transport Permitting procedures Assessment Recommendations References 10. Nuclear energy Overview Institutional framework Administrative authorities Safety Authority Public agencies and organisations Industrial actors Historical background Economic aspects of nuclear electricity in France Long-term operation (Grand Carénage) New builds Financing challenges Nuclear safety Institutional framework Fukushima Daiichi Periodic safety review and lifetime extension Fuel cycle activities Nuclear waste management and decommissioning Nuclear fission research and development Assessment Recommendations References 11. Energy technology research, development and demonstration Overview Institutional framework National policy framework for RD&D Programmes and funding Private sector Priorities International collaboration Assessment Recommendations References Part III - Annexes Annex A: Organisation of the review Review criteria Review team Organisations visited Annex B: Energy balances and key statistical data Footnotes to energy balances and key statistical data Annex C: International Energy Agency “Shared Goals” ANNEX D: Glossary and list of abbreviations Units of measurement