دانلود کتاب English Skills

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Title Contents PART 1: Basic Principles of Effective Writing 1 An Introduction to Writing Understanding Point and Support Benefi ts of Paragraph Writing Writing as a Skill Writing as a Process of Discovery Keeping a Journal Using This Text 2 The Writing Process Prewriting Writing a Topic Sentence and Preparing a Scratch Outline Writing a First Draft Revising Editing Review Activities 3 The First and Second Steps in Writing Step 1: Begin with a Point Step 2: Support the Point with Specifi c Evidence Reinforcing Point and Support The Importance of Specifi c Details The Importance of Adequate Details Practice in Making and Supporting a Point 4 The Third Step in Writing Step 3: Organize and Connect the Specifi c Evidence Practice in Organizing and Connecting Specifi c Evidence 5 The Fourth Step in Writing Step 4: Write Clear, Error-Free Sentences Revising Sentences Editing Sentences Practice in Revising Sentences Using Parallelism Using a Consistent Point of View Using Specifi c Words Using Concise Wording Varying Your Sentences 6 Four Bases for Revising Writing Base 1: Unity Base 2: Support Base 3: Coherence Base 4: Sentence Skills Practice in Using the Four Bases PART 2: Paragraph Development 7 Introduction to Paragraph Development Important Considerations in Paragraph Development Tips on Using a Computer Using Peer Review Doing a Personal Review Patterns of Paragraph Development 8 Exemplifi cation 9 Process 10 Cause and Effect 11 Comparison or Contrast 12 Defi nition 13 Division-Classifi cation 14 Description 15 Narration 16 Argument 17 Additional Paragraph Assignments PART 3: Essay Development 18 Writing the Essay What Is an Essay? Important Points about the Essay Essays to Consider Planning the Essay Practice in Writing the Essay Essay Assignments PART 4: Research Skills 19 Using the Library and the Internet Using the Library Using the Internet 20 Writing a Research Paper Step 1: Select a Topic That You Can Readily Research Step 2: Limit Your Topic, Make the Purpose of Your Paper Clear, and Assess Your Audience Step 3: Gather Information on Your Limited Topic Step 4: Plan Your Paper and Take Notes on Your Limited Topic Step 5: Write the Paper Step 6: Use an Acceptable Format and Method of Documentation Model Paper PART 5: Handbook of Sentence Skills 21 Subjects and Verbs A Simple Way to Find a Subject A Simple Way to Find a Verb More about Subjects and Verbs 22 Sentence Sense What Is Sentence Sense? Turning On Your Sentence Sense Summary: Using Sentence Sense 23 Fragments What Are Fragments? Dependent-Word Fragments -ing and to Fragments Added-Detail Fragments Missing-Subject Fragments 24 Run-Ons What Are Run-Ons? Correcting Run-Ons 25 Standard English Verbs Regular Verbs: Dialect and Standard Forms Three Common Irregular Verbs: Dialect and Standard Forms 26 Irregular Verbs A Brief Review of Regular Verbs List of Irregular Verbs 27 Subject-Verb Agreement Words between Subject and Verb Verb before Subject Compound Subjects Indefi nite Pronouns 28 Pronoun Agreement and Reference Pronoun Agreement Pronoun Reference 29 Pronoun Types Subject and Object Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns 30 Adjectives and Adverbs Adjectives Adverbs 31 Misplaced and Dangling Modifi ers What Misplaced Modifi ers Are and How to Correct Them What Dangling Modifi ers Are and How to Correct Them SECTION 2: Mechanics 32 Paper Format 33 Capital Letters Main Uses of Capital Letters Other Uses of Capital Letters Unnecessary Use of Capitals 34 Numbers and Abbreviations Numbers Abbreviations SECTION 3: Punctuation 35 Apostrophes Apostrophe in Contractions Apostrophe to Show Ownership or Possession 36 Quotation Marks Quotation Marks to Set Off Exact Words of a Speaker or Writer Quotation Marks to Set Off Titles of Short Works Other Uses of Quotation Marks 37 Commas Six Main Uses of the Comma 38 Other Punctuation Marks Colon (:) Semicolon (;) Dash (—) Hyphen (-) Parentheses ( ) SECTION 4: Word Use 39 Using the Dictionary Owning Your Own Dictionaries Dictionaries on Your Computer Understanding a Dictionary Entry 40 Improving Spelling Step 1: Use the Dictionary Step 2: Keep a Personal Spelling List Step 3: Master Commonly Confused Words Step 4: Understand Basic Spelling Rules Step 5: Study a Basic Word List 41 Vocabulary Development Regular Reading Vocabulary Wordsheets Vocabulary Study Books 42 Commonly Confused Words Homonyms Other Words Frequently Confused 43 Effective Word Choice Slang Clichés Pretentious Words 44 ESL Pointers Articles Subjects and Verbs Adjectives Prepositions Used for Time and Place SECTION 5: Practice 45 Combined Mastery Tests 46 Editing Tests Sentence-Skills Achievement Test Sentence-Skills Diagnostic Test SECTION 1: Grammar APPENDIX Answer Key Answers to Sentence-Skills Diagnostic Test and Introductory Activities CREDITS INDEX