دانلود کتاب Fear Management: Foreign Threats in the Post-War Polish Propaganda

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Cover
Copyright information
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Abbreviations
Introduction
Historical context
1 State of the art
1.1 Fear
1.2 Propaganda
1.3 Fear and propaganda
1.4 Establishing the communist power in Poland
2 The key problems addressed in the book
Hypothesis
3 Methodology
3.1 Institutions producing propaganda and monitoring social moods
3.2 Propaganda agents
3.3 Key parts of the communist propaganda discourse analysed in the book
3.4 Sources
4 Structure of the book
I ‘German hydra is coming back to life’67. Anti-German media discourse – the benchmark image of the foreign enemy in the communist propaganda (1944–1956)
The press channel of postwar fear distribution
1 German threat in Polish tradition and culture
2 Various shades of fear of Germans
2.1 Physical German threat
The endangered border with Germany
Werwolf and other dangerous underground German troops
Great Britain and the USA are raising the Nazi empire from the ashes
2.2 Language of fear: ‘Hangmen, murderers, bestial torturers’
Nazi crimes in propaganda literature
Dreadful graphic images of Nazi crimes
Greiser, Fisher, Höss – symbols of Nazi bestiality
2.3 The political, military and economic German threat
Political threat
Military dread
Economic danger
2.4 German stigma on the political opponents of the regime
The concept of ‘reaction’
The Nazi-like PSL
The fascist blemish on the underground state
PSL and NSZ – successors of German oppressors
2.5 The German threat after 1947
Disturbing sowing and lethal crops
Official integration vs factual remilitarisation of Germany
We will not allow the rebuilding of the Wehrmacht!
Adenauer – a new leader of old enemies
Conclusion
II Greedy capitalists and aggressive neighbours. The local dimension of the German threat with the examples of Łódź and Szczecin (1945–1947)
1 Łódź and Szczecin – historical and sociological sketch
1.1 Postwar conditions of the cities
1.2 Local societies and their concerns
Initial enthusiasm in postwar Łódź
Settlers surrounded by ruins and rumours in Szczecin
Local media in Szczecin
2 Anti-German atmosphere in the cities
2.1 The problem of Volksdeutsche in Łódź
2.2 Settlers on alien ground in Szczecin
2.3 De-Germanisation of the city
2.4 Out with the German enemies from Poland
2.5 Anti-German political slogans
2.6 German criminals and bandits in Nazi uniforms
3 The local specificity of a German
3.1 Nazi occupants and greedy German capitalists from Łódź
Perpetuating the memory of the war terror
Panorama of German greedy capitalist exploiters
The positive memory of local Germans
Why do you employ German conspirators?
Polish collaborators of the German enemy
3.2 The city of strikes
Current historical interpretations of strikes
Successful translation of fear into anger
The mistrust towards the anti-German propaganda in Łódź
3.3 The eternal German enemies in Szczecin
The Piast ideology in practice
3.4 ‘The wild west’
Do not believe in rumours
The guard on the Oder
The anti-governmental attitude towards the referendum and elections
Conclusion
III The threat of spies, conspirators and internal enemies in the communist propaganda in Poland (1945–1953)
1 Spy-mania and the postwar reality in Poland
1.1 The panorama of local fear in Poland after 1947
1.2 The figures of spies and conspirators in the postwar propaganda discourse
The time of foreign spies in postwar Poland
False French diplomats
The British and American intelligence infiltrating Poland
2 Titoism and its dreadful consequences
2.1 Propaganda image of Tito and Yugoslavia before 1948
2.2 Stalin-Tito split
Exclusion from Cominform
Popular reception of the Soviet critique of Yugoslavia
2.3 Disposable heroes. Show trials of the alleged spies and conspirators within the Socialist Bloc
Hungarian Titoism. The trial of László Rajk
The second phase of the plot. The trial of Traicho Kostov
Zionist conspiracy. The trial of Rudolf Slánský
2.4 Popular reception of the anti-Titoist propaganda
3 Conspirators in the Polish Army, spies in the Catholic Church
3.1 The trial of the Generals
3.2 The trial of Bishop Kaczmarek
3.3 Trust vs. mistrust. Social approach towards both trials
The critique of sources
Perpetrator’s point of view
Conclusion
IV Dangerous capitalists. The fear of the American economic enemy (1945–1956)
1 From hope to threat. Propaganda vision of American economic policy
1.1 Gifts from ‘aunt UNRRA’
American help for Poland
The neutral image of the UNRRA in the communist propaganda
UNRRA and the promotion of the communist authorities
The propaganda critique of American material support
1.2 Dollar ante portas. Propaganda’s negative image of the Marshall Plan
Beware of the Marshall Plan
Propaganda explanations of rejection from the ERP
The Dollar invasion of France
1.3 And now we will starve. The social reception of the anti-ERP propaganda
1.4 American economic crisis strikes back
Local experience of the Great Depression
The British victim of the ERP
‘Ami go home’. The French resistance towards the economic crisis in communist propaganda
The epidemic of poverty in Italy
Own reflection in an old mirror
Never ending economic crisis
1.5 In progress you should trust
Socialist progress vs. capitalist regress
Friend vs. enemy
1.6 ‘Why do you keep slandering the USA?’ Social reception of the ‘American economic threat’ in the communist media
1.7 Colorado Beetle invasion. The American threat to the Polish economy and its social reception
The genesis of the invasion
American origin of the pest
The expansion of the beetle invasion
I cannot stand such slander. Social reception of the propaganda news on the American origin of the pest
1.8 The fairytales designed to indoctrinate children
Conclusion
V ‘Nazi racism is raging in the state of Mississippi’. The threat of intolerance, aggression and hooliganism inspired by American culture (1945–1956)
1 Racism – the source of fear and violence
1.1 Anti-Semitism in Europe – local experience of racism
Anti-Semitism in the interwar period
Jews and anti-Semitism in Poland
Polish rescuers of Jews, bystanders and perpetrators of anti-Semitic crimes during World War Two
… those are Jews and we must beat them! Postwar anti-Semitic violence in Poland
1.2 ‘Racist savagery of the USA’
Nazi inspiration for American racism
Racism – a common social standard supported by the American authorities
American racism and elections in Poland
1.3 ‘Americans educate criminals’
2 American movies and comic books – a dangerous criminal inspiration for local hooligans
2.1 Hooliganism in postwar Poland
2.2 The graphic instruction of violence
The evolution of the propaganda explanation of hooliganism
2.3 The reception of the cultural thread in anti-American discourse
Conclusion
VI The interwar state of mind. The fear of a new global conflict and the nuclear threat in the communist propaganda (1945–1956)
The fresh echoes of old fear
1 War was in the air
1.1 British war provokers in Greece
2 The Korean phantom of the Third World War
2.1 The Korean War as a source of threats
Aggression – the modus operandi of American imperialists
‘McArthur’s slayers are worse than the Nazis’ – American threat to civilians
3 Between scepticism, fear, panic and hope. The social reactions to the Korean War
3.1 Nothing to be worry about
3.2 ‘I’m afraid it looks like the beginning of the third world war’
3.3 The sweet taste of panic
3.4 War rumours – the fuel of panic
3.5 War as a source of hope
4 Neutralisation, mobilisation, indoctrination. The state management of emotions evoked by the Korean War
In response to imperialism we increase the work dynamics
4.1 Communist peace defence movement
The Stockholm Appeal
The National Peace Plebiscite
5 Peace sells, but who is buying? Social reception of the propaganda of peace
5.1 ‘We are against the war, but we will not sign anything’
5.2 In the name of peace we oblige to work harder
6 Mother, do you think they will drop the bomb? The threat of the atomic destruction
6.1 Dangerous imperialists and their nuclear bogeys
6.2 American atomic bluff
6.3 The mobilisation against the nuclear threat
6.4 Truman Truman drop the bomb
7 Soviet tanks heading for Warsaw. Propaganda reaction, social reception and further consequences of the prospect of war in October 1956
Conclusion
General conclusions
Afterword
Abstract
Abstrakt
List of Figures
Bibliography
Indeks