دانلود کتاب Flex & amp; bison

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Table of Contents
Preface
Scope of This Book
Conventions Used in This Book
Getting Flex and Bison
This Book\'s Example Files
Using Code Examples
Safari® Books Online
How to Contact Us
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introducing Flex and Bison
Lexical Analysis and Parsing
Regular Expressions and Scanning
Our First Flex Program
Programs in Plain Flex
Putting Flex and Bison Together
The Scanner as Coroutine
Tokens and Values
Grammars and Parsing
BNF Grammars
Bison\'s Rule Input Language
Compiling Flex and Bison Programs Together
Ambiguous Grammars: Not Quite. Adding a Few More RulesFlex and Bison vs. Handwritten Scanners and Parsers
Exercises
Chapter 2. Using Flex
Regular Expressions
Regular Expression Examples
How Flex Handles Ambiguous Patterns
Context-Dependent Tokens
File I/O in Flex Scanners
Reading Several Files
The I/O Structure of a Flex Scanner
Input to a Flex Scanner
Flex Scanner Output
Start States and Nested Input Files
Symbol Tables and a Concordance Generator
Managing Symbol Tables
Using a Symbol Table
C Language Cross-Reference
Exercises
Chapter 3. Using Bison
How a Bison Parser Matches Its Input. Shift/Reduce ParsingWhat Bison\'s LALR(1) Parser Cannot Parse
A Bison Parser
Abstract Syntax Trees
An Improved Calculator That Creates ASTs
Literal Character Tokens
Building the AST Calculator
Shift/Reduce Conflicts and Operator Precedence
When Not to Use Precedence Rules
An Advanced Calculator
Advanced Calculator Parser
Calculator Statement Syntax
Calculator Expression Syntax
Top-Level Calculator Grammar
Basic Parser Error Recovery
The Advanced Calculator Lexer
Reserved Words
Building and Interpreting ASTs
Evaluating Functions in the Calculator
User-Defined Functions. Using the Advanced CalculatorExercises
Chapter 4. Parsing SQL
A Quick Overview of SQL
Relational Databases
Manipulating Relations
Three Ways to Use SQL
SQL to RPN
The Lexer
Scanning SQL Keywords
Scanning Numbers
Scanning Operators and Punctuation
Scanning Functions and Names
Comments and Miscellany
The Parser
The Top-Level Parsing Rules
SQL Expressions
Functions
Other expressions
Select Statements
Select options and table references
SELECT table references
Delete Statement
Insert and Replace Statements
Replace statement
Update Statement
Create Database
Create Table. User VariablesThe Parser Routines
The Makefile for the SQL Parser
Exercises
Chapter 5. A Reference for Flex Specifications
Structure of a Flex Specification
Definition Section
Rules Section
User Subroutines
BEGIN
C++ Scanners
Context Sensitivity
Left Context
Right Context
Definitions (Substitutions)
ECHO
Input Management
Stdio File Chaining
Input Buffers
Input from Strings
File Nesting
input()
YY_INPUT
Flex Library
Interactive and Batch Scanners
Line Numbers and yylineno
Literal Block
Multiple Lexers in One Program
Combined Lexers
Multiple Lexers.