دانلود کتاب Forensic Science: An Introduction to Scientific and Investigative Techniques (4th Edition)

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Cover
Back Cover
Title
Contents
Foreword to the Fourth Edition
Editors
Contributors
I: Setting the Stage
1. Justice and Science
1.1 A Brief History of Forensic Science
1.2 Science and the Law Today
1.3 Modern Practice of Forensic Science
1.4 Types of Legal Proceedings
1.5 Ethics and Forensic Science
1.6 Review Material
1.7 References and Further Reading
2. Evidence: Origins, Types, and Admissibility
2.1 Rules of Evidence
2.2 Admissibility of Evidence
2.3 Categories of Evidence
2.4 Review Material
2.5 References and Further Reading
Section I Summary
II: The Crime Scene
3. Crime Scene Investigation
3.1 Defining the Crime Scene
3.2 Uses for and Information from Physical Evidence in Criminal Investigations
3.3 General Crime Scene Procedures
3.4 Crime Scene Documentation and Forensic Photography
3.5 Collection and Preservation of Physical Evidence
3.6 Crime Scene Reconstruction
3.7 Review Material
3.8 References and Further Reading
4. Bloodstain Patterns
4.1 Bloodstain Pattern Evidence
4.2 History of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis
4.3 Properties of Human Blood
4.4 Formation of Bloodstains and Bloodstain Patterns
4.5 Altered Bloodstains
4.6 Analysis of Bloodstains on Clothing and Footwear
4.7 Documentation of Bloodstain Evidence
4.8 Absence of Evidence is Not Evidence of Absence
4.9 Scientific Working Group on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Recommended Terminology
4.10 Review Material
4.11 References and Further Reading
Section II Summary
III: Forensic Death Investigation
5. Death Investigation
5.1 Systems of Death Investigation
5.2 Investigation of Death
5.3 Tools of Death Investigation
5.4 Autopsy
5.5 Investigation of Traumatic Death
5.6 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
5.7 References and Further Reading
6. Forensic Anthropology
6.1 Defining Forensic Anthropology
6.2 Forensic Anthropology as a Profession
6.3 Locating Human Remains
6.4 Recovering Remains
6.5 Are They Human?
6.6 Are They of Forensic Importance?
6.7 Taphonomic Assessment of the Body in its Environment
6.8 Soft Tissue Examination and Processing
6.9 Developing a Biological Profile
6.10 Identification
6.11 Trauma
6.12 Documentation and Testimony
6.13 Review Material
6.14 References and Further Reading
7. Forensic Entomology
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Estimating Minimum Elapsed Time Since Death
7.3 Other Uses for Insects in Death Investigations
7.4 The Use of Insects in Investigating Wildlife or Pet Animal Crimes
7.5 Challenges to Forensic Entomology
7.6 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
7.7 References and Further Reading
Section III Summary
IV: Forensic Biology
8. Identification of Blood and Body Fluids
8.1 Forensic Serology
8.2 Blood
8.3 Seminal Fluid
8.4 Saliva
8.5 Other Body Fluids
8.6 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
8.7 References and Further Reading
9. DNA Typing
9.1 Inheritance of DNA Characteristics
9.2 How DNA Made it into the Courts
9.3 DNA Typing
9.4 Short Tandem Repeats
9.5 Mitochondrial DNA
9.6 Y-Chromosome Short Tandem Repeats
9.7 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
9.8 References and Further Reading
Section IV Summary
V: Forensic Chemistry
10. Forensic Toxicology
10.1 Drugs and Poisons as Biological Evidence
10.2 Applications of Forensic Toxicology
10.3 Drugs in the Body
10.4 Drug and Poison Classes
10. 5 Nonmedicinal Agents
10.6 Analytical Methods in Forensic Toxicology
10.7 Metal Analyses
10.8 Interpreting Drug Findings
10.9 Review Material
10.10 References and Further Reading
11. Seized Drug Analysis
11.1 Drugs and the Controlled Substances Act
11.2 Scope of Seized Drug Analysis
11.3 Analytical Methods and Standards of Analysis
11.4 Analysis of Plant Matter
11.5 Chemical Examinations
11.6 Instrumental Examinations and IR Spectroscopy
11.7 Clandestine Drug Laboratories
11.8 Review Material
11.9 References and Further Reading
12. Arson, Fire, and Explosives
12.1 Chemistry of Fire or Explosion
12.2 Behavior of Fire
12.3 Origin and Cause Analysis
12.4 Accelerants
12.5 Fatal Fire Investigation
12.6 Collection of Fire Debris Evidence
12.7 Analysis of Fire Debris Evidence
12.8 Explosives
12.9 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
12.10 References and Further Reading
Section V Summary
VI: Pattern and Impression Evidence
13. Fingerprints
13.1 Fingerprints as a Means of Identification
13.2 What Fingerprints Are
13.3 Fingerprint Patterns
13.4 History of Fingerprints
13.5 Fingerprint Classification
13.6 Computer-Based Fingerprint Files
13.7 Types of Evidentiary Fingerprints
13.8 Development of Latent Fingerprints
13.9 Recognition, Collection, and Preservation of Fingerprint Evidence
13.10 Fingerprint Identification: The Heart of the Matter
13.11 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
13.12 References and Further Reading
14. Firearms and Tool Marks
14.1 Firearms
14.2 Manufacture of Firearms
14.3 Firearm Ammunition
14.4 Firearm Propellants and Powders
14.5 Collection of Firearms-Related Evidence
14.6 Laboratory and Forensic Examinations of Firearms Evidence
14.7 Tool Marks
14.8 Challenges to Firearm and Tool Mark Examinations
14.9 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
14.10 References and Further Reading
15. Tread Impressions
15.1 Forensic Footwear Evidence
15.2 Tire Impression Evidence
15.3 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
15.4 References and Further Reading
Section VI Summary
VII: Cross- Cutting Forensic Disciplines
16. Trace Evidence
16.1 Instruments of Microanalysis and Sample Types
16.2 Microspectrophotometry: Microscopes Combined with Spectroscopic Instruments
16.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy
16.4 Microscopic Evidence and its Analysis
16.5 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
16.6 References and Further Reading
17. Questioned Documents
17.1 Functions of a Forensic Document Examiner
17.2 Handwriting Comparison
17.3 Alteration, Obliteration, and Ink Differentiation
17.4 Indented Writing
17.5 Photocopy and Photocopier Examination
17.6 Paper and Watermark Examination
17.7 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
17.8 References and Further Reading
Section VII Summary
VIII: Engineering and Computing
18. Forensic Engineering
18.1 Forensic Physics
18.2 Vehicular Accidents
18.3 Solution Strategies
18.4 Structural Collapses
18.5 Building Collapse Due to Impact
18.6 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
18.7 References and Further Reading
19. Forensic Computing
19.1 Crime Scenes with Digital and Electronic Evidence
19.2 Computers, Electronic Equipment, Devices, and Information Repositories
19.3 Initiating the Forensic Computer Investigation
19.4 Other Applications of Computers and Related Technology to Forensic Science
19.5 Review Material: Key Concepts and Questions
19.6 References and Further Reading
Section VIII Summary
IX: The Human Element and the Future of Forensic Science
20. Behavioral Science and Forensic Science
20.1 History and Development
20.2 Testing Tools
20.3 Forensic Applications of the Behavioral Sciences
20.4 Behavioral Science at the Crime Scene
20.5 Review Material
20.6 References and Further Reading
21. The Future of Forensic Science
21.1 Overview
21.2 Twgs and Swgs
21.3 Crime Scene Investigation
21.4 Death Investigation and Virtual Autopsy
21.5 Forensic Science Education
21.6 Review Material
21.7 References and Further Reading
Section IX Summary
Appendix A
Appendix B