دانلود کتاب From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Ecomic Calculation

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Cover
Title
Brief Table of Contents
Detailed Table of Contents
Preface
1. A Quick Look at the Mises Argument
i. A Debate About the Feasibility of Socialism
ii. What the Mises Argument Claims to Show
iii. A Simplified Illustration
iv. A More Realistic Elaboration
v. Production Choices are Everywhere
vi. How to Refute Mises
2. The Abolition of the Market
i. Commodity Production and Production for Use
ii. Marx and Labor-Vouchers
a. The Function of Labor-Vouchers in Marxian Communism
b. Are Marx’s Labor-Vouchers Money?
c. The Metamorphosis of Labor-Vouchers into Money
iii. Post-Capitalist Society
a. Moore’s Argument against Marxian Communism
b. Commodity-Fetishism
c. Usages of ‘Socialism’ and ‘Communism’
3. The Economic Organization of Post-Capitalist Society
i. Marx on Communism
ii. The Substitution of Machinery for Labor
iii. The Marxist Background to Mises
a. Social Democrats on Economic Calculation
b. Bolsheviks on Economic Calculation
c. The War Communism Controversy
4. The Discovery of the Economic Calculation Problem
i. Early Glimpses of the Problem
ii. Wieser: The Two Services of Value
iii. Pierson: Value as an Inescapable Phenomenon
iv. Barone: Production is Experimental
v. Max Weber: Rational Calculation
vi. Brutzkus: The Failure of Bolshevism
vii. Mises: The Market’s Intellectual Division of Labor
5. Re-Reading Mises on Economic Calculation
i. Misesian Apriorism
ii. The Misesian Typology of Economic Systems
a. Mises’s Analysis of Interventionism
b. Mises’s Conception of “Socialism”
c. Mises’s Modification of his Argument
iii. Misreadings of Mises on Economic Calculation
a. Is NFM Socialism Impossible in Theory or merely Impossible in Practice?
b. Economic Theory and Institutions
c. Barone and Mises
d. Explicability Doesn’t Imply Reproducibility
e. Landauer and Mises on Utility
f. The Administration’s Valuation and Choice of Consumer Goods
g. Mises and his Defenders
6. Using Labor-Hours to Plan Production
i. Calculation in Kind
ii. The Labor Theory of Value and the Labor-Time Planning Proposal
iii. Measurable Labor-Time and Appropriate Prices
a. Fluctuations in Supply and Demand
b. Different Kinds of Labor
c. The Cost of Unproduced Resources
d. Differences in Organic Composition of Capital
e. How Marginal Productivity Eliminates Surplus-Value
iv. Social Necessity: Bygones are Bygones
v. Marx on the Direct Measurement of Socially-Necessary Labor-Time
7. From Market Simulation Back to Market Socialism
i. Market and Non-Market Socialism
ii. Lange’s System
a. An Outline of Lange’s System
b. The Puzzling Reputation of Lange’s System
c. The Market and Lange’s System
d. Lange: Last-Ditch Defender of Non-Market Socialism
e. The Feasibility of Lange’s System
1. Limitations of the Perfect Competition Analogy
2. The Allocation of Capital to Enterprises
3. The Method of Physical Surpluses and Deficits
4. The Subjectivity and Objectivity of Costs
iii. Other Compromise Systems from the 1930s
8. Property Rights and the Limits of Market Socialism
i. The Puzzle about FM Socialism
a. How is Market Socialism Even Conceptually Possible?
b. Property Rights
c. Mises’s Property Theory and his Statement of the Economic Calculation Problem
d. The Difference between State and Private Ownership
ii. The Productive Role of Financial Markets
9. Motivation and Information
i. Economic Calculation Distinguished from Incentives
a. Mallock’s Criticism of Socialism
b. Motivation and Knowledge
ii. An Equalitarian Simulated Market
a. Carens’s Proposal: the ESM
b. The Efficiency of Carens’s ESM
c. The Identity of Behavior in the Two Systems
d. Some Modifications of the ESM
e. Motivation in the Two Systems
f. Knowing What To Do in the ESM
10. Division of Knowledge
i. Spontaneous Order
a. Spontaneous Order in Nature
b. A Remark about Spontaneous Order in Engineering
c. Spontaneous Order in Society
ii. The Use of Knowledge in Society
a. Leonard Read’s Pencil
b. Adam Smith’s Pin Factory
iii. Institutional Heuristics
a. The Design of Institutions to Facilitate Discovery and Dissemination of Knowledge
b. Different Institutions: Different Information
iv. Prices as Information
a. Uncentralized Knowledge in Market Adjustments
b. The God’s Eye View
c. Rivalrous Withholding of Information
11. Planning and the Market
i. The Sense in which the Market is Incompatible with Planning
a. Planning of Parts versus Planning of the Whole
b. The Hierarchical Structure of Planned Organizations
c. The Logic of the Market
d. Comprehensive Planning Excludes an Internal Market
e. Forms of Planning Compatible with a Functioning Market
f. Was Marx a ‘Central Planner’?
g. Socialism without Market or Planning
ii. The Scale of Production Plans within the Market
a. Marx’s Theory of Centralization
b. Historical Evidence of Concentration Trends
c. The Implausibility of Centralization
12. Abundance and the Price System
i. The Conquest of Scarcity and the Obsolescence of Prices
a. Capitalism’s Role in Developing the Forces of Production
b. Abundance and the Obsolescence of the Market
c. Piecemeal Communism
ii. Restriction of Production by the Market
a. Restriction of Production by Costs
b. Restriction of Production by Interest
1. Interest in the Market
2. The Unavoidability of Interest under Communism
c. Unused Capacity as Evidence of Restricted Production
iii. Wasteful Activities in the Market
a. Wasteful Occupations
b. Planned Obsolescence
c. Cohen on the Output-Leisure Trade-off
d. ‘Consumers’ Wants are Wrong’
iv. The Meaning of Waste
13. Anarchy, State, and Communism
i. How Anarchist is Marxian Communism?
a. The Marxist Definition of the State
b. Society-wide Planning and the Withering Away of the State
ii. Kropotkin’s Anarchocommunism
a. Anarchocommunism Implies Local Autarky and Low Output
14. Prospects for Workers’ Self-Management
i. The Self-Management Idea
a. Self-Management in Yugoslavia
b. The Mondragón Phenomenon
ii. The Efficiency of Self-Management
a. Work-Satisfaction and End-Products
b. Workers as Consumers: The Choice of Institutions
c. Obstacles to Free Choice of Workplace Institutions
d. Why Self-Management May Be Inefficient
15. In Defense of Scientific Utopianism
i. Marxist Anti-Utopianism
ii. Historical Materialism
a. Forces, Relations, and Superstructure
b. Cohen’s Defense of Historical Materialism
c. The Element of Truth in Historical Materialism
iii. Marx’s Case for Communism
iv. The Class Struggle
v. In Defense of Recipes for Future Cookshops
Bibliography
Notes
Index