دانلود کتاب Health at a Glance_ Europe 2012 - OECD, European Union

فهرست مطالب :

Foreword Acknowledgements Table of contents Executive summary Introduction Structure of the publication Presentation of indicators Data and limitations Population figures Country codes (ISO codes) Chapter 1. Health status 1.1. Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy at birth Definition and comparability 1.1.1. Life expectancy (LE) and healthy life years (HLY) at birth, by gender, 2008-10 average 1.1.2. Healthy life years (HLY) at birth and GDP per capita, 2008-10 average 1.1.3. Healthy life years (HLY) at birth and health spending per capita, 2008-10 average 1.2. Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy at age 65 Definition and comparability 1.2.1. Life expectancy (LE) and healthy life years (HLY) at 65, by gender, 2008-10 average 1.2.2. Relationship between life expectancy and healthy life years (HLY) at 65, 2008-10 average 1.2.3. Life expectancy gaps between high and low education attainment at 65, women and men, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.3. Mortality from all causes Definition and comparability 1.3.1. Mortality rates from all causes of death, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.3.2. Decline in mortality rates from all causes, 1995-2010 (or nearest year) 1.3.3. Trends in mortality rates from all causes, selected EU member states, 1995-2010 1.4. Mortality from heart disease and stroke Definition and comparability 1.4.1. Ischemic heart disease, mortality rates, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.4.2. Stroke, mortality rates, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.4.3. Trends in ischemic heart disease mortality rates, selected EU member states, 1995-2010 1.4.4. Trends in stroke mortality rates, selected EU member states, 1995-2010 1.5. Mortality from cancer Definition and comparability 1.5.1. All cancers mortality rates, males and females, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.5.2. Lung cancer mortality rates, males and females, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.5.3. Breast cancer mortality rates, females, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.5.4. Prostate cancer mortality rates, males, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.6. Mortality from transport accidents Definition and comparability 1.6.1. Transport accident mortality rates, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.6.2. Trends in transport accident mortality rates, selected EU member states, 1995-2010 1.6.3. Decline in transport accident mortality rates, 1995-2010 (or nearest year) 1.7. Suicide Definition and comparability 1.7.1. Suicide mortality rates, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.7.2. Change in suicide rates, 1995-2010 (or nearest year) 1.7.3. Trends in suicide rates, selected European countries, 1995-2010 1.8. Infant mortality Definition and comparability 1.8.1. Infant mortality rates, 2010 and decline 1970-2010 1.8.2. Infant mortality rates, selected European countries, 1970-2010 1.9. Infant health: Low birth weight Definition and comparability 1.9.1. Low birth weight infants, 2010 and change 1980-2010 1.9.2. Trends in low birth weight infants, selected European countries, 1980-2010 1.9.3. Low birth weight and infant mortality, 2010 (or nearest year) 1.10. Self-reported health and disability Definition and comparability 1.10.1. Adults’ self-reported health status, 2010 1.10.2. Adults reporting a limitation in usual activities, 2010 1.11. Incidence of selected communicable diseases Definition and comparability 1.11.1. Notification rate of chlamydia infection, 2007-09 1.11.2. Notification rate of pertussis, 2007-09 1.11.3. Notification rate of hepatitis B, 2007-09 1.12. HIV/AIDS Definition and comparability 1.12.1. HIV and AIDS incidence rates in 2010 1.12.2. Trends in AIDS incidence rates, selected EU member states, 2000-10 1.13. Cancer incidence Definition and comparability 1.13.1. All cancers incidence rates, males and females, 2008 1.13.2. Lung cancer incidence rates, males and females, 2008 1.13.3. Breast cancer incidence rates, females, 2008 1.13.4. Prostate cancer incidence rates, males, 2008 1.14. Diabetes prevalence and incidence Definition and comparability 1.14.1. Prevalence estimates of diabetes, adults aged 20-79 years, 2011 1.14.2. Incidence estimates of Type 1 diabetes, children aged 0-14 years, 2011 1.15. Dementia prevalence Definition and comparability 1.15.1. Prevalence of dementia, population aged 60 years and over, 2009 1.15.2. Age- and sex-specific prevalence of dementia in EU member states, 2009 1.16. Asthma and COPD prevalence Definition and comparability 1.16.1. Self-reported asthma, 2008 (or nearest year) 1.16.2. Self-reported COPD, 2008 (or nearest year) 1.16.3. Self-reported COPD by highest attained level of education, 2008 (or nearest year) Chapter 2. Determinants of health 2.1. Smoking and alcohol consumption among children Definition and comparability 2.1.1. Smoking among 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.1.2. Drunkenness among 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.1.3. Risk behaviours of 15-year-olds by sex, 2009-10 2.1.4. Trends in repeated drunkenness and regular smoking among 15-year-olds, 14 EU countries 2.2. Overweight and obesity among children Definition and comparability 2.2.1. Reported overweight (including obesity) among 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.2.2. Change in reported overweight among 15-year-olds, 2001-02, 2005-06 and 2009-10 2.3. Fruit and vegetable consumption among children Definition and comparability 2.3.1. Daily fruit eating among 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.3.2. Daily vegetable eating among 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.3.3. Daily fruit and vegetable eating among 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.3.4. Trends in daily fruit and vegetable eating among 15-year-olds, 21 EU countries, 2001-02 to 2009-10 2.4. Physical activity among children Definition and comparability 2.4.1. Daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, 11- and 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.4.2. Vigorous physical activity for two or more hours per week, 15-year-olds, 2009-10 2.4.3. Trends in daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, 21 EU countries, 2005-06 to 2009-10 2.5. Smoking among adults Definition and comparability 2.5.1. Adult population smoking daily, 2010 and change in smoking rates, 2000-10 (or nearest year) 2.5.2. Females and males smoking daily, 2010 (or nearest year) 2.6. Alcohol consumption among adults Definition and comparability 2.6.1. Alcohol consumption among population aged 15 years and over, 2010 and change, 1980-2010 2.6.2. Trends in alcohol consumption, selected EU countries, 1980-2010 2.7. Overweight and obesity among adults Definition and comparability 2.7.1. Prevalence of obesity among adults, 2010 (or nearest year) 2.7.2. Increasing obesity rates among adults in European countries, 1990, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest years) 2.8. Fruit and vegetable consumption among adults Definition and comparability 2.8.1. Daily fruit eating among adults, 2008 (or nearest year) 2.8.2. Daily vegetable eating among adults, 2008 (or nearest year) 2.8.3. Daily fruit eating among adults, by educational level, 2008 (or nearest year) 2.8.4. Daily vegetable eating among adults, by educational level, 2008 (or nearest year) Chapter 3. Health care resources and activities 3.1. Medical doctors Definition and comparability 3.1.1. Practising doctors per 1 000 population, 2010 and change between 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.1.2. Generalists and specialists as a share of all doctors, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.2. Consultations with doctors Definition and comparability 3.2.1. Doctors consultations per capita, 2010 and change between 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.2.2. Inequity index for the probability of a visit in the past 12 months, adjusted for need, 2009 (or nearest year) 3.3. Nurses Definition and comparability 3.3.1. Practising nurses per 1 000 population, 2010 and change between 2000 and 2010 3.3.2. Ratio of nurses to physicians, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.4. Medical technologies: CT scanners and MRI units Definition and comparability 3.4.1. MRI units, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.4.2. CT scanners, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.4.3. MRI exams, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.4.4. CT exams, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.5. Hospital beds Definition and comparability 3.5.1. Hospital beds per 1 000 population, 2010 and change between 2000 and 2010 3.5.2. Hospital beds by function of health care, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.6. Hospital discharges Definition and comparability 3.6.1. Hospital discharges per 1 000 population, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.6.2. Hospital discharges for circulatory diseases per 1 000 population, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.6.3. Hospital discharges for cancers per 1 000 population, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.7. Average length of stay in hospitals Definition and comparability 3.7.1. Average length of stay in hospital for all causes, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.7.2. Average length of stay for normal delivery, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.7.3. Average length of stay for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 2010 (or nearest year) 3.8. Cardiac procedures (coronary angioplasty) Definition and comparability 3.8.1. Coronary angioplasty per 100 000 population, 2010 and change between 2000 and 2010 3.8.2. Coronary angioplasty as a share of total revascularisation procedures, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.9. Cataract surgeries Definition and comparability 3.9.1. Share of cataract surgeries carried out as day cases, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.9.2. Growth in cataract surgeries per capita, day cases and inpatient cases, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 3.10. Hip and knee replacement Definition and comparability 3.10.1. Hip replacement surgery, per 100 000 population, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.10.2. Knee replacement surgery, per 100 000 population, 2010 (or nearest year) 3.10.3. Trend in hip replacement surgery, 2000-10, selected countries 3.10.4. Trend in knee replacement surgery, 2000-10, selected countries 3.11. Pharmaceutical consumption Definition and comparability 3.11.1. Antibiotics consumption, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.11.2. Antidiabetics consumption, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.11.3. Antidepressants consumption, 2000 and 2010 (or nearest year) 3.12. Unmet health care needs Definition and comparability 3.12.1. Unmet need for a medical examination, by income quintile, 2010 3.12.2. Unmet need for a dental examination, by income quintile, 2010 3.12.3. Inequalities in unmet need for a medical examination, EU27 average, 2010 Chapter 4. Quality of care Care for chronic conditions 4.1. Avoidable admissions: Respiratory diseases Definitions and comparability 4.1.1. Asthma hospital admission rates, population aged 15 and over, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.1.2. COPD hospital admission rates, population aged 15 and over, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.2. Avoidable admissions: Uncontrolled diabetes Definitions and comparability 4.2.1. Uncontrolled diabetes hospital admission rates with and without complications, population aged 15 and over, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.2.2. Uncontrolled diabetes hospital admission rates and prevalence of diabetes, 2009 (or nearest year) Acute care 4.3. In-hospital mortality following acute myocardial infarction Definitions and comparability 4.3.1. Admission-based in-hospital case-fatality rates within 30 days after admission for AMI, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.3.2. Comparing admission-based and patient-based in-hospital case-fatality rates within 30 days after admission for AMI, selected EU countries, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.3.3. Reduction in in-hospital case-fatality rates within 30 days after admission for AMI, 2000-09 (or nearest year) 4.4. In-hospital mortality following stroke Definitions and comparability 4.4.1. In-hospital case-fatality rates within 30 days after admission for ischemic stroke, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.4.2. In-hospital case-fatality rates within 30 days after admission for hemorrhagic stroke, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.4.3. Reduction in in-hospital case-fatality rates within 30 days after admission for ischemic stroke, 2000-09 (or nearest year) Patient safety 4.5. Procedural or postoperative complications Definitions and comparability 4.5.1. Foreign body left in during procedure, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.5.2. Accidental puncture or laceration, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.5.3. Postoperative pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.5.4. Postoperative sepsis, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.6. Obstetric trauma Definitions and comparability 4.6.1. Obstetric trauma, vaginal delivery with instrument, 2009 (or nearest year) 4.6.2. Obstetric trauma, vaginal delivery without instrument, 2009 (or nearest year) Cancer care 4.7. Screening, survival and mortality for cervical cancer Definitions and comparability 4.7.1. Cervical screening, percentage women screened aged 20-69, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 4.7.2. Cervical cancer five-year relative survival rate, 1997-2002 and 2004-09 (or nearest period) 4.7.3. Cervical cancer mortality, females, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 4.8. Screening, survival and mortality for breast cancer Definitions and comparability 4.8.1. Mammography screening, percentage of women aged 50-69 screened, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 4.8.2. Breast cancer five-year relative survival rate, 1997-2002 and 2004-09 (or nearest period) 4.8.3. Breast cancer mortality, females, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 4.9. Screening, survival and mortality for colorectal cancer Definitions and comparability 4.9.1. Colorectal screening, percentage of people screened aged 50-74, 2010 (or nearest year) 4.9.2. Colorectal cancer, five-year relative survival rate, 1997-2002 and 2004-09 (or nearest period) 4.9.3. Colorectal cancer mortality, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) Care for communicable diseases 4.10. Childhood vaccination programmes Definitions and comparability 4.10.1. Vaccination rates for diphteria, tetanus and pertussis, children aged around 1, 2010 4.10.2. Vaccination rates for measles, children aged around 1, 2010 4.10.3. Vaccination rates for hepatitis B, children aged around 1, 2010 4.11. Influenza vaccination for older people Definitions and comparability 4.11.1. Vaccination rates for influenza, population aged 65 and over, 2010 (or nearest year) 4.11.2. Trends in vaccination rates for influenza, population aged 65 and over, 2000-10 (or nearest year) Chapter 5. Health expenditure and financing 5.1. Coverage for health care Definition and comparability 5.1.1. Health insurance coverage for a core set of services, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.1.2. Private health insurance coverage, by type, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.1.3. Trends in private health insurance coverage, 2000 to 2010 5.2. Health expenditure per capita Definition and comparability 5.2.1. Health expenditure per capita, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.2.2. Annual average growth rate in health expenditure per capita, in real terms, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 5.3. Health expenditure in relation to GDP Definition and comparability 5.3.1. Total health expenditure as a share of GDP, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.3.2. Annual average growth in health expenditure and GDP per capita, in real terms, 2000-10 (or nearest year) 5.3.3. Total health expenditure as a share of GDP, 2000-10, selected EU member states 5.4. Health expenditure by function Definition and comparability 5.4.1. Current health expenditure by function of health care, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.4.2. Growth in inpatient and outpatient expenditure per capita, in real terms, 2000-10 (or nearest year) 5.4.3. Expenditure on organised public health and prevention programmes, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.5. Pharmaceutical expenditure Definition and comparability 5.5.1. Expenditure on pharmaceuticals per capita and as a share of GDP, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.5.2. Average annual growth in pharmaceutical expenditure per capita, in real terms, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 5.6. Financing of health care Definition and comparability 5.6.1. Expenditure on health by type of financing, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.6.2. Public share of expenditure on medical services and goods, 2010 (or nearest year) 5.6.3. Change in share of out-of-pocket spending in total health spending, 2000 to 2010 (or nearest year) 5.7. Trade in health services Definition and comparability 5.7.1. Imports of health care services as share of total health expenditure, 2010 and annual growth rate in real terms, 2005-10 (or nearest year) 5.7.2. Exports of health-related travel or other services as share of total health expenditure, 2010 and annual growth rate in real terms, 2005-10 (or nearest year) Bibliography Annex A. Additional information on demographic and economic context Table A.1. Total population, mid-year, thousands, 1960 to 2010 Table A.2. Share of the population aged 65 and over, mid-year, 1960 to 2010 Table A.3. Crude birth rate, per 1 000 population, 1960 to 2010 Table A.4. Fertility rate, number of children per women aged 15-49, 1960 to 2010 Table A.5. GDP per capita in 2010 and average annual growth rates, 1980 to 2010 Table A.6. Total expenditure on health per capita in 2010, average annual growth rates, 2000 to 2010 Table A.7. Total expenditure on health, percentage of GDP, 1980 to 2010