دانلود کتاب Heterocycles: Synthesis, Catalysis, Sustainability, and Characterization

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Heterocycles. Synthesis, Catalysis, Sustainability, and Characterization
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Contents
Preface
1. Heterocyclic Compounds in Enantioselective Photochemical Reactions
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Asymmetric Catalysis with Chiral Templates
1.3 Asymmetric Photo-Enzyme Catalysis
1.4 Asymmetric Photochemical Reactions in Crystals
1.5 Crystalline Inclusion Complexes
1.6 Inclusion in Zeolites
1.7 Memory of Chirality
1.8 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
2. Heterocycles via Dearomatization Reactions
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Annulation of Heterocycles via Dearomative Cycloaddition to Arenes and Hetarenes
2.2.1 [3+2] Cycloaddition
2.2.2 [4+2] Cycloaddition
2.2.3 Other Cycloadditions
2.3 Intramolecular Addition to Aromatic Double Bonds Leading to Heterocycles
2.4 Dearomative Spirocyclizations
2.5 Conclusion and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
3. Strategies for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Macrocycles and Medium-Sized Rings
3.1 Introduction
3.2 High Dilution and Pseudo-High Dilution Methods
3.2.1 Traditional High Dilution/Slow Addition Methods
3.2.2 Solid-Supported Methods
3.2.3 Phase Separation
3.3 Methods Designed to Impart More Favorable Cyclization Conformations
3.3.1 The Importance of Conformation on Macrocyclization
3.3.2 Structural Features to Bias Cyclization Conformation
3.3.3 Templated Macrocyclization
3.4 Ring-Expansion Methods
3.5 Medium-Sized Rings: Special Cases
3.6 Conclusions and Perspectives
Dedication
References
4. Organocatalysis in Synthetic Heterocyclic Chemistry
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Organocatalytic Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles
4.2.1 Pyrroles and Pyrrolidines
4.2.2 Furan and Benzofuran Derivatives
4.3 Organocatalytic Synthesis of Six-Membered Heterocycles
4.3.1 Pyridines, Dihydropyridines, and Piperidines
4.3.2 Fused Pyridine Derivatives
4.3.3 Pyrimidines
4.3.4 Pyran and Fused Pyrans
4.4 Organocatalytic Synthesis of Seven-Membered Heterocycles
4.4.1 Diazepines and Fused Diazepines
4.4.2 Thiazepines and Fused Thiazepines
4.5 Organocatalytic Synthesis of Polyheterocyclic, Bridged, and Spiro Compounds
4.6 Conclusion and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
5. Transition Metal Catalysis in Synthetic Heterocyclic Chemistry
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles
5.2.1 Fused Heterocycles
5.2.2 Five- and Six-Membered N- and N,N-Heterocycles
5.2.3 Five- and Six-Membered N,O-Heterocycles
5.3 Pd-Catalyzed Heterocycle Synthesis
5.3.1 Nitrogen Heterocycles
5.3.2 Oxygen Heterocycles
5.3.3 N,O-Heterocycles
5.4 Conclusion and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
6. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Heterocycles
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Three-Membered Ring Heterocycles
6.2.1 N-Heterocycles
6.2.2 O-Heterocycles
6.2.2.1 Halohydrin Dehalogenases
6.2.2.2 FAD-Dependent Monooxygenases
6.2.2.3 Heme-Dependent Monooxygenases
6.2.2.4 Peroxygenases
6.3 Four-Membered Ring Heterocycles
6.4 Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles
6.4.1 N-Heterocycles
6.4.2 O-Heterocycles
6.4.3 S-Heterocycles
6.5 Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles
6.5.1 N-Heterocycles
6.5.2 O-Heterocycles
6.6 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
7. Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Three-Membered Ring Heterocycles
7.3 Four-Membered Ring Heterocycles
7.4 Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles
7.4.1 Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles with One Heteroatom
7.4.2 Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles with Two Heteroatoms
7.4.3 Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles with Three and Four Heteroatoms
7.5 Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles
7.5.1 Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles with One Heteroatom
7.5.2 Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles with Two Heteroatoms
7.5.3 Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles with Three Heteroatoms
7.6 Seven-Membered Ring Heterocycles
7.7 Conclusions and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
8. Heterocyclic Compounds from Renewable Resources
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Three-, Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered Ring Heterocycles Based on CNSL
8.2.1 Oxiranes (Epoxides)
8.2.2 Benzoxazines
8.2.3 Cardanol-Based Lactones
8.2.4 Cardanol-Based Amphiphilic Heterocycles
8.2.5 Fulleropyrolidines
8.2.6 Triazoles and Pyrimidine Hybrids
8.3 Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines Derived from Cardanol-Based Precursors
8.3.1 Syntheses of Porphyrins (Pps) and Phthalocyanines (Pcs) from Cardanol-Based Precursors
8.3.2 Applications of Cardanol-Derived Porphyrins (Pps) and Phthalocyanines (Pcs)
8.3.2.1 Langmuir-Blodgett Films
8.3.2.2 Superparamagnetic Fluorescent Nanosystems
8.3.2.3 Corrosion Protection
8.3.2.4 Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)
8.3.2.5 Photodynamic Therapy
8.3.2.6 Composites Semiconductor@Sensitizer for Enhancing Photocatalytic Processes
8.3.2.7 Photo-ignition of Carbon Nanotubes/Ferrocene/Porphyrin Under LED Irradiation
8.3.2.8 Intercalation of Pps into Vesicular Nanosystems
8.3.2.9 Nanomaterials Based on Fe3O4 and Phthalocyanines Derived from CNSL
8.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
9. Synthesis of Heterocycles in Nonconventional Bio-based Reaction Media
9.1 Штекщвгсешщт
9.2 Heterocyclizations in Glycerol
9.2.1 Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles in Glycerol
9.2.2 Synthesis of Six-Membered Heterocycles in Glycerol
9.2.3 Synthesis of Seven-Membered Heterocycles in Glycerol
9.3 Heterocyclizations in Lactic Acid
9.3.1 Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles in Lactic Acid
9.3.2 Synthesis of Six-Membered Heterocycles in Lactic Acid
9.4 Heterocyclizations in