دانلود کتاب Higher-Order Evidence and Calibrationism

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Cover Title page Copyright page Higher-Order Evidence and Calibrationism Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 What’s Higher-Order Evidence? 1.2 What’s the Higher-Order Evidence Debate? 1.3 Connections with Other Debates 1.4 A Puzzle about Higher-Order Evidence 2 Major Positions in the Higher-Order Evidence Debate 2.1 Higher-Order Defeat/Calibrationism 2.2 Dilemma/Ambiguous Rationality/Second-Best Epistemology 2.3 Right Reasons/Steadfastness/Level-Splitting/Indefeasibilism 3 Calibrationism and its Main Motivations 3.1 Calibrationism 3.1.1 Clarification of Independence: What Exactly Should One Bracket? 3.1.2 Clarification of ‘Expected Reliability’ 3.2 Main Motivations for Calibrationism 3.2.1 The Main Motivation for Independence: Against Bootstrapping Reasoning 3.2.2 The First Motivation for Bridge: Anti-Akrasia 3.2.3 The Second Motivation for Bridge: An Accuracy-Based Argument 4 The Problem of Ignoring Evidence 4.1 Ignoring First-Order Evidence 4.2 The First Response: Calibrationism Doesn’t Allow Ignoring Evidence 4.2.1 Weakening Calibrationism 4.2.2 Strengthening Calibrationism 4.3 The Second Response: Sometimes We Should Ignore Evidence 5 The Conflict with Conditionalization 5.1 Christensen’s Argument That Calibrationism Conflicts with Conditionalization 5.2 The Self-Location Strategy 5.3 White’s Argument That Calibrationism Conflicts with Conditionalization 5.4 Should Calibrationists Just Accept the Conflict with Conditionalization? 6 Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism 6.1 Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism: A Rough Formulation Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism (First Pass) 6.2 Why Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism Is Better Than Credence-Calibrationism 6.3 Refining Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism: Second Pass Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism (Second Pass) 6.4 Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism: Third Pass Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism (Third Pass) 6.5 Virtues of Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism 6.5.1 The Conflict with Conditionalization 6.5.2 The Problem of Ignoring Evidence 6.6 Evidence-Discounting Calibrationism versus Imprecise Calibrationism 7 Conclusion References