دانلود کتاب History of the House of Representatives

فهرست مطالب :

Cover
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Acknowledgments
Introduction to the Second Edition
Preface
Contents
1. Planning the House in the Constitutional Convention
2. Precedents Established in First Congress
Organization of the House
Early House Procedure
Committees in the First Congress
Relations with the Senate
Legislative Output
Relations with the President
Relations with the Departments
Relations with the States
Evolution of Party Organization
3. The Composition of Congress
History of Apportionment
Legislative Apportionment Procedure
Major Fractions Versus Equal Proportions
Reapportionments After 1960 and 1970
Disparities Within States
Qualifications for Election
Qualifications for Voters
Election Contests
Exclusion, Expulsion, and Censure
Term of Office
The House as a Career
Membership Characteristics
Political Comple
Various Evaluations
4. Organization of the House
Election Contests
Contest of 1839
Contest of 1849
Contest of 1855
Contest of 1859
Contest of 1923
Seating Arrangements
5. Evolution of the House Rules
Reed Rules of 1890
Revolution of 1910
Developments Since 1912
Reforms of 1946
Reforms of 1970
Reforms of 1974
Struggle Over the Twenty-one-day Rule
6. Development of the Committee System
Chronological Development
Appointment of Committees
Role of Committee Chairman
Regional Distribution of Chairmanships
Jurisdiction and Duties
Evolution of Committee Powers
Types of Committees
Composition of Committees
Committee Procedures
Secrecy versus Publicity
Recent Developments
Proxy Voting in Committees
Committee Hearings
Quorums at Committee Hearings
Committee Reports
Discharge Procedure
Evaluation of Committee System
7. Leadership in the House
The Office of the Speaker
Selection and Qualifications
Powers and Duties
A Triple Personality
Contrast with English Speaker
Rayburn and Martin, McCormack and Albert
Compensation and Allowances
Floor Leader
Changes after 1910
Qualifications and Previous Experience
Functions and Duties of Floor Leader
Whip Organization
Party Caucuses
Relations with Committees
Relations with the President
Compensation and Allowances
8. The Business of Congress
Business of First Congress (1789-1791)
Work Load of the Eighty-fourth Congress ( 1955-1956)
The Ninety-third Congress ( 1973-1974)
Expansion Since 1911
Work Load
9. Party Governmentin the House
Practice in Early Congresses : 1790-1816
Developments During the Nineteenth Century
Dominance of the Speaker
King Caucus Supersedes Czar Cannon
Democratic Caucus Rules
Operation of the Caucus System
Developments During the 1920\'s
Development During the 1930\'s
Coalition Control: 1937-1946
Later Developments
Revival of the Democratic Caucus
Role of the Opposition Party
Congressional Campaign Committees
10. Performance of the Legislative Function
Research and Fact-Finding
Drafting the Bill
Getting Sponsors
Timing the Introduction
Planning the Campaign
Organizing Group Support
Propaganda and Pressure
Staging Committee Hearings
Getting the Bill to the Floor
Floor Debate and Passage
Conclusion
11. Performance of the Oversight Function
Control of Appointments
Control of Public Expenditure
Oversight of Administration
12. The Role of the House in Foreign Affairs
1789-1800
Nineteenth-Century Developments
Twentieth-Century Trends
World War II: The Aftermath
Vietnam and Beyond
Committee on Foreign Affairs
Committee on Appropriations
Summary and Conclusions
13. The Role of the Representative
English Ideas in Colonial Times
Continental Ideas
Representation in Colonial Assemblies
Revolutionary-Constitutional Period
Debate in First Congress
Development of Direct Representation: 1800-1860
Post-Civil War Trends
Congressional Views of Representative Function
Conflicting Responsibilities
14. Relations with the Senate
Intercameral Comity
Contrasts in Political Control
Joint Machinery
Joint Committees
Conference Committees
Joint Hearings
Joint Staffs
Procedural Links
15. Relations Between Congress and the President in American History
Executive Leadership: 1789-1809
Congressional Supremacy: 1809-1829
Presidential Leadership: 1829-1837
Fluctuations in Power: 1837-1860
Lincoln and Congress: 1861-1865
Congressional Government: 1865-1898
Executive Leadership : 1898-1918
Normalcy and Reaction: 1921-1932
Roosevelt and Congress: 1933-1945
Conflict and Collaboration: 1945-1952
Relations During Divided Government : 1953- 1960
Congress and the President: Since 1961
Conclusions
Notes
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 9
CHAPTER 10
CHAPTER 11
CHAPTER 12
CHAPTER 13
CHAPTER 14
CHAPTER 15
Appendix A: Speakers of the House of Representatives
Appendix B: Floor Leaders of the House of Representatives: 1901-1975
Appendix C: Political Divisions of the House of Representatives
Appendix D: Committee Structure of the House of Representativesin in 1975
Appendix E: Stages in Enactment of Law
Appendix F: Number of Laws Enacted by Congress Since 1789
Appendix G: Organization of the House of Representatives
Appendix H: Compensation, Allowances, Facilities, and Benefits of Representatives in the Ninety-Fourth Congress (1975-1976)
Appendix I: Glossary of Legislative Terms
Bibliography
Index
Back Cover