توضیحاتی در مورد کتاب Intelligent Manufacturing Systems in Industry 4.0: Select Proceedings of IPDIMS 2022
نام کتاب : Intelligent Manufacturing Systems in Industry 4.0: Select Proceedings of IPDIMS 2022
عنوان ترجمه شده به فارسی : سیستمهای تولید هوشمند در صنعت 4.0: مجموعه مقالات IPDIMS 2022 را انتخاب کنید
سری : Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
نویسندگان : B. B. V. L. Deepak, M. V. A. Raju Bahubalendruni, D. R. K. Parhi, B. B. Biswal
ناشر : Springer
سال نشر : 2023
تعداد صفحات : 713
ISBN (شابک) : 981991664X , 9789819916641
زبان کتاب : English
فرمت کتاب : pdf
حجم کتاب : 25 مگابایت
بعد از تکمیل فرایند پرداخت لینک دانلود کتاب ارائه خواهد شد. درصورت ثبت نام و ورود به حساب کاربری خود قادر خواهید بود لیست کتاب های خریداری شده را مشاهده فرمایید.
فهرست مطالب :
Contents
About the Editors
Robotics, Automation and Expert Systems
Evaluation of Road Blocks of Industry 4.0 Adoption in SMEs
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Road Blocks (RB) of Industry 4.0 Adoption in SMEs
3 Solution Methodology
4 Discussions
5 Implications of This Study
6 Conclusion
7 Limitations and Scope of Future Work
References
Automatic Underground Water Pipeline Fault Detection with Control in IoT
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed System
4 Methodology
5 Hardware Description
5.1 NodeMCU
5.2 LCD Display
5.3 Power Supply
5.4 Alarm
5.5 Internet of Things
5.6 Setting up of BLYNK Application
6 Results
7 Conclusion
References
Applying Python Programming to the Traditional Methods of Job Sequencing
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results and Discussion
4 Future Scope
5 Conclusion
References
Stress Detection and Performance Analysis Using IoT-Based Monitoring System
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Factors Related to Stress
3.1 Heart Rate
3.2 Temperature
3.3 Humidity
3.4 Speech
3.5 Blood Pressure
4 Stress Detection and Management Methods
4.1 Heart Rate Variation
4.2 Skin Conductance
4.3 Sleep Pattern Change
5 Stress Detection and Management Sensors
5.1 HR Sensor
5.2 GSR Sensor
5.3 Combined GSR and HR Sensor
5.4 Photoplethysmogram Optical Sensor
6 Different Methodologies on Stress Level Revealing and Managing
7 Conclusion
References
Development of Smart Vehicles Using Visible Light Communication
1 Introduction
2 Related Works
3 Methodology
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Mapping and Visualization of Constrained Internal Spaces Using a 2-DoF Robotic System
1 Introduction
2 2-DoF Robotic Mapping System
2.1 Robotic Arm
2.2 Electronic Hardware
2.3 Control Algorithm
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
An Efficient Distributed Energy and Consumption Method for Ensuring Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Coverage Using the Firefly Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Model Definition and Preliminaries
3.1 Sensor Key
4 Technical Feasibilities
5 Performance Estimate
5.1 Simulation Setup
5.2 Fitness Function Calculation
6 Simulation Results
6.1 Additional Energy Leftover with NBS
6.2 Lifetime of Networking After NBS
7 Conclusion
References
A Critical Review of the Usage of Auxiliary Drones in Passenger Aviation Safety Systems
1 Introduction
1.1 Timeline for the Work Carried Out
2 Literature Review
3 Research Gap
4 Conclusion
References
Implementation of Underground Cable Fault Detection Using IoT
1 Introduction
1.1 Underground Cables
2 Construction of UG Cable
3 Faults in Cables
4 Literature Review
5 Proposed System
6 Simulation of the Proposed System
7 Experimental Implementation
8 IoT Output
9 Conclusion
10 Future Scope
References
Implementing IIoT in Garment Production Line: A Case Study of a Full-sleeve Shirt
1 Main Text
2 Methodology
2.1 Apparel Unit
2.2 Inside the Garment Factory
2.3 Integrating IIoT in Apparel Manufacturing
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Advancements in Manufacturing Processes
Mechanical Performance of Friction Stir Welded AA6063 Plates with Variation in Tool Pin Profile
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Approaches and Materials
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Hardness of Nugget Zone
3.2 Tensile Strength and Percentage Elongation
3.3 Modulus of Toughness
4 Conclusions
References
Recent Advances in Magnetorheological Damping Systems for Automotive Technology
1 Introduction
2 MR Technology in Automobile Suspension Systems
3 Commercial Automobile MR Damper Classification
3.1 Monotube Damper
3.2 Twin-Tube Damper
3.3 Internal-Bypass Damper
3.4 Magnetorheological Damper
3.5 Spool-Valve Damper
3.6 Electronically Controlled Damper
4 Automotive Damper Market
4.1 Market Outlook
4.2 Market Dynamics
4.3 Market Recent Development
5 Research and Development
6 Conclusion
References
Enhancement of Turning by Low Frequency Vibration
1 Low Frequency Vibration Machining
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Methodology
1.3 Kinematics of Vibrational Machining
1.4 Vibrational Modes
2 Machining Characteristics
2.1 Input Parameters
2.2 Experimental Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Design of Multi-angle Welding Fixture
1 Introduction
2 Design of Fixture
3 Analysis of Fixture
4 Conclusion
References
Optimal Disassembly Sequence Generation Using Tool Information Matrix
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Methodology
3 Crankshaft Assembly Case Study
3.1 Contact Relation Matrix
3.2 Tool Information Matrix
3.3 Disassembly Sequence Level Graph
3.4 Optimal Disassembly Sequences Generation
3.5 Convergence of Fitness Function
4 Conclusion
References
Electricity Generation Using a Rooftop Ventilator with Attachment of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine on the Top of It
1 Introduction
2 Design and Fabrication
3 Designing of Component
3.1 Design of Rooftop Ventilator
3.2 Design of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
3.3 Design of Extra Fins
4 Methodology of Experiment
5 Result and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Welding of Stainless Steel 316 Joined by Using Multipass SAW, MIG, and Hybrid (SAW and MIG) Welding
1 Introduction
2 The Materials and Experimental Techniques
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Visual Examination of Welded Samples
3.2 Hardness Test Outcomes
3.3 Tensile Strength Test Results
4 Conclusions
References
UI/UX/HCI/Ergonomics Considerations
A Study on Assessment of Tourism Experience on Boat Ride of Narmada River for Sighting Marble Rocks of Bhedaghat, Jabalpur
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Phase I: Tourism Experience Satisfaction
2.2 Phase II: Boating Experience Satisfaction
2.3 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Phase 1
3.2 Phase II
4 Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
Ergonomics Issues Among Last Mile Delivery Rides in Jabalpur, India
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Study Design and Selection of Participants
2.2 Direct Observations and Body Discomfort Analysis
2.3 Statistical Analysis
3 Result and Discussion
3.1 Participants Descriptions
3.2 Observation and Activity Analysis
3.3 Body Pain Report
3.4 Prevalence of Problems Faced by the Delivery Executives with Reference to Different Demographics and Age Factors
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
A Critical Review on Risk Assessment Methods of Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD)
1 Introduction
1.1 Research Gap
2 Methodology
2.1 Classification of Literature
3 Methods to Assess Low Back Pain
3.1 Visual Observation Methods
3.2 Biomechanical Assessment Methods
3.3 Deep Learning
4 Exoskeletons
5 Discussion
6 Limitations and Future Work
7 Conclusions
References
Canny Click: A Board Game Designed to Stimulate Mindful Online Behavior Among Teenagers
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Parasocial Interaction and Other Related Theories
2.2 Studies on Instagram
2.3 Research on Parasocial Relationships Among Teenagers
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 Materials and Procedure
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Solution Suggestions
4.2 Quickly Evolving Social Media Landscape
4.3 Insights from the Usability Testing
4.4 Limitations
5 Conclusion
References
Pathological Lying Behaviour in Indian Children: Game Design as Coping Strategy
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants and Sampling Methods
3.2 Material and Procedure
4 Result and Discussions
4.1 Phase 1: User Needs and Expectations
4.2 Phase 2: User Insights
4.3 Phase 3: Conceptualization
4.4 Phase 4: Design Validation
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Effect of Occupational Exposure to Ergonomic Risk Factors on Musculoskeletal Diseases Among the Construction Workers-A Review
1 Introduction
2 Definition of Ergonomics
3 Methodology
3.1 Questionnarie
3.2 RULA: A Method of Survey for the Inquiry of Work Upper Limb Work-Related Disorders
3.3 REBA: A Method of Survey for the Inquiry of Entire Body Work-Related Disorders
4 Ergonomic Risk Factors
5 Awkward Posture
6 Vibrations
7 Repetitive Motion
8 Contact Stress
9 Insufficient Rest Break
10 Temperature Extremities
11 Research Gap
12 Conclusion
References
A Critical Review of Multiway Adjustable Car Seats for Physically Challenged
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Problem Identification
4 Methodology
5 Concept
6 Dimensions
7 Sliding Rail
8 Swivel Plate
9 Load Acting on the Seat Frame
10 Seat Design
11 Simulation
12 Result and Discussion
13 Conclusion
References
Design of a Biomorphic Solar Installation with Improved Aesthetics in the Context of Irrigation
1 Introduction
2 Design Methodology
2.1 The Inspiration
2.2 Questionnaire
2.3 Insights
3 Construction and Design
4 Design Evaluation
5 Conclusion
References
Enhancing the Existing Plant Buying Experience Using a Persuasive Design Strategy
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Background
2.2 Persuasive Design
3 Methodology
3.1 Discover
3.2 Define
3.3 Develop
3.4 Usability Testing Using Questionnaire (Deliver Phase)
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Amazon Alexa Analytics
4.2 Customer Reviews on Google Play Store
4.3 Findings from Survey
4.4 Findings from Heuristics
4.5 Findings from Usability Testing
5 Conclusion
References
Computer Aided Design, Analysis, Integration and Manufacturing
Development of Hybrid Control Strategy for Dual Channel Electromechanical Stabilizer Bar for Roll Stabilization of Vehicle
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Control Strategy
2.1 Vehicle Dynamics Roll Model
2.2 Roll Angle Control
2.3 Control Algorithms
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Double Lane Change Maneuver with Constant Speed Target (DLCC)
3.2 Double Lane Change Maneuver with Preview Speed Control (DLCP)
3.3 Steady State Steering with Increasing Speed (SS45)
3.4 Anti-roll Moment Distribution
4 Conclusion
References
Mechanical Seed Implanter for Sunflower and Groundnut Seeds: Design and Fabrication
1 Introduction
1.1 Methods of Seed Sowing
1.2 Literature Survey
2 Methodology
3 Design and Structure
3.1 Components and Description
3.2 Mechanism Used
3.3 Components and Materials
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Fabricated Mechanical Seed Implanter
4.2 Conclusions
References
Investigative Study of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery Using Finite Element Method
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methodology
3 Analytical Procedure
4 Analysis Results and Discussion (C3-C4 IVD von Mises Stresses)
5 Segmental Range of Motion (ROM)
6 Conclusion
References
System Design for Earth-to-Earth Commute—Research and Development
1 Introduction
2 From Bicycle to Billion Dreams
3 Geolocating Mother Stations
4 Walking Through Gravitational Fabric
5 Mapping the Trip
6 Conclusion
References
Design and Development of Mobile Robot Manipulator for Patient Service During Pandemic Situations
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Methodology
2.1 Design of Robot
2.2 Development of Mobile Service Robots
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Working of Robot
4 Conclusion
References
Structural and Thermal Analysis of a CubeSat
1 Introduction
2 Structural Design Analysis of CubeSat
2.1 Static Structural Analysis
2.2 Estimation of Structural Natural Frequency
2.3 Modal Analysis
3 Thermal Design Analysis of CubeSat
3.1 Heat Flow Analysis of Thermal Subsystem
3.2 Results of Thermal Flow Analysis
4 Conclusion
References
CFD Analysis of Droplet Morphology in Electric Field Using Level Set Method
1 Introduction
2 Geometrical Model and Mathematical Equations
2.1 Properties of Fluids
2.2 Governing Equations for Fluid System
2.3 Charge Conservation Model for Leaky Dielectric System
2.4 Level Set Application
2.5 Boundary Conditions
3 Validation and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Design and Development of an Autonomous Robot Assistant
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem Definition
2 Design of the Body
3 Methodology
4 Result and Discussion
4.1 Virtual Analysis in the Gazebo Environment
4.2 Experimental Analysis in the Real Time Environment
5 Conclusion
References
Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
A Hybrid Machine Learning Model for House Price Prediction
1 Introduction
2 Goals
3 Related Works
4 Proposed Methodologies
4.1 Data Elucidation
4.2 Implementation
4.3 Algorithms
5 Analysis
5.1 Machine Learning Algorithm
5.2 Deep Learning Algorithms
6 Results
References
Change Detection in Multispectral Remote Sensing Images
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Description of Dataset
4 Proposed Framework
4.1 Input-Dataset
4.2 Difference Image Computation
4.3 Feature Extraction and Dimensionality Reduction
5 Results and Observations
6 Conclusion
References
Studying the Impact of Agent Technology on the Manufacturing of Medium Technology Products
1 Introduction
1.1 Aim of Work
2 Literature Review
3 Research Methodology
3.1 Questionnaire Design
3.2 Introduction to Analytic Hierarchy Process
3.3 Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)
4 Analysis and Discussion
4.1 Discussion of AHP Outcomes
4.2 22 MAT Variables Categorized Under 5 Main Variables
4.3 Analyzing the Cause-and-Effect Diagram
4.4 Discussion of DEMATEL Outcomes
5 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
Change Detection in Multispectral Remote Sensing Images: A Case Study on Polavaram
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Proposed Framework
3.1 Input Dataset
3.2 Absolute Difference Image Computation
3.3 Feature Extraction and Dimensionality Reduction
4 Results and Observations
5 Conclusion
References
A Study on the Various Machine Learning Techniques Used in Predictions and Forecasting Related to Covid-19
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Introduction to Machine Learning
4 Machine Learning Methods
5 Impact of Machine Learning in Covid-19
6 Different Techniques for Prediction and Forecasting
7 Proposed Method for Prediction
8 Conclusion
References
A Text Mining Approach for Identifying Agroforestry Research Narratives
1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Applications
2 Related Work
3 Proposed Method
3.1 Design Methodology
3.2 System Architecture Diagram
3.3 Methods Used
4 Experimental Results and Observations
4.1 Results of Keyword “AGROFORESTRY” from YouTube
4.2 Results of Keyword “AGROFORESTRY” from Wikipedia
5 Observations
6 Importance of Present Study
7 Conclusion and Future Work
7.1 Conclusion
7.2 Future Work
References
Epilepsy Prediction Using Spark
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed System
4 Results and Discussion
5 Result Analysis
5.1 Comparison of the Machine Learning Classifiers in Multi-node Cluster
5.2 Comparison of the Machine Learning Classifiers Without Cluster
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Application of Machine Learning Algorithms for Order Delivery Delay Prediction in Supply Chain Disruption Management
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Data-Driven Delivery Delay Prediction Framework
3.1 Data Collection
3.2 Data Preprocessing and Analysis
3.3 Class Imbalance
3.4 Feature Engineering and Selection
3.5 Selection of Algorithm and Performance Metrics
3.6 Results and Discussion
3.7 Comparison of the Proposed Prediction Model with Existing Models
4 Conclusions and Future Research Directions
4.1 Conclusion
4.2 Future Research Directions
References
Review on Image Steganography Transform Domain Techniques
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Plant Leaf Disease Detection and Classification with CNN and Federated Learning Approach
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 CNN
2.2 Federated Learning
2.3 Image Processing
2.4 Classification
3 Related Work
4 System Architecture
5 Design Methodology
6 Dataset Description
7 Implementation and Results
7.1 Phase 1
7.2 Phase 2
7.3 Phase 3
7.4 Test Case Results
8 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Real-Time Voice Cloning System Using Machine Learning Algorithms
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Speaker Encoder
2.2 Synthesizers
2.3 Neural Vocoder
2.4 Flow of the Model
3 Results and Analysis
4 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach in Evaluation of Diesel Engine Operated with Diesel and Hydrogen Under Dual Fuel Mode
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setup
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Performance Parameters
3.2 Emission Parameters
4 Prediction of Performance and Emissions Using ANN Model
5 Conclusion
References
Machine Learning Model for Medical Data Classification for Accurate Brain Tumor Cell Detection
1 Introduction
1.1 Origin of Problem
1.2 Basic Definition and Background
1.3 Problem Statement, Objectives, and Outcomes
1.4 Real-Time Applications of Proposed Work
2 Summary of Literature Study
2.1 ImageNet Classification with Deep CNN
2.2 Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition
2.3 A Survey on Transfer Learning
2.4 Going Deeper with Convolutions
2.5 Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
3 Proposed Method
3.1 Design Methodology
3.2 System Architecture Diagram
3.3 Description of VGG-16 Algorithm
3.4 Description of Datasets, Requirements, and Tools
4 Results and Observations
4.1 Evaluation Metrics
4.2 Result Analysis
5 Conclusion and Future Work
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Future Study
References
Brightness Preserving Medical Image Contrast Enhancement Using Entropy-Based Thresholding and Adaptive Gamma Correction with Weighted Distribution
1 Introduction
1.1 Organization of the Paper
2 Mathematical Background
2.1 Entropy-Based Otsu Thresholding [14]
2.2 Adaptive Gamma Correction with Weighted Distribution [15]
2.3 CLAHE [17]
2.4 Evaluation Metrics for Image Quality
3 Proposed Method
4 Dataset Details [16]
5 Result Analysis
5.1 Normal-Intermediate Squamous Epithelial
5.2 Abnormal-Mild Squamous Non-keratinizing Dysplasia
5.3 Normal–Columnar Epithelial Cells
5.4 Normal–Superficial Squamous Epithelial Cells
5.5 Abnormal–Severe Squamous Non-keratinizing Dysplasia
5.6 Abnormal–Moderate Squamous Non-keratinizing Dysplasia
5.7 Abnormal–Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Situ Intermediate
6 Conclusion
References
Optimisation and Performance Enhancement of Mechanical Systems
Statistical Study of the Influence of Anthropometric Parameters on the Hand Grip Strength of an Individual
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Statistical Analysis
4 Result
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Repeatability Analysis on Multi-fidelity and Surrogate Model Based Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Optimization Algorithm
3 Multi-objective Optimization of Transonic Airfoils
3.1 Problem Statement
3.2 Design Space
3.3 Training Points
3.4 Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling
3.5 Multi-objective Optimization Results
3.6 Repeatability
4 Conclusion
References
A New Ranking Approach for Pentagonal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Transportation Problems
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 The Proposed Ranking Approach for GPIFNs
4 Comparison of PIFNs
4.1 Mathematical Formulation of Pentagonal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Transportation Problem (PIFTP)
5 Transportation Strategy
5.1 Proposed Transportation Strategy
6 Numerical Example
7 Conclusion
References
Dynamic Allocation the Best-Fit Resource for the Specific Task in the Environment of Manufacturing Grid
1 Introduction
1.1 Grid Technology
2 Resource Management in MG
3 The Proposed Algorithm
4 Proposed Resource Allocation Process
4.1 Algorithm at User’s End
4.2 Algorithm at the Resource Supplier’s End
4.3 Advantages of Proposed Algorithm
5 Results from Experiment
6 Conclusion
References
Optimal Scheduling of Multi-objective Hydro–Thermal–Wind Using NSGSA Technique
1 Introduction
1.1 Literature Survey
1.2 Objectives
2 Problem Formulation
2.1 Introduction of STHTS
3 Optimization Techniques
3.1 Gravitational Search Algorithm
3.2 Non-dominating Sorting Gravitational Search Algorithms
3.3 Computation of Non-dominated Sorting and Crowding Distance
4 Result and Discussions
5 Conclusions
6 Future Scope
References
Route Optimization as an Aspect of Humanitarian Logistics: Delineating Existing Literature from 2011 to 2022
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Review Methodology
4 Expository Analysis
4.1 Descriptive Summary of Data
4.2 Year-Wise Trend of Publication
4.3 Landscape Distribution of Literature
4.4 Keywords Analysis
4.5 Journal-Wise Distribution of Literature
5 Results and Discussions
6 Conclusions
References
Parametric Optimization of Rotor-Bearing System with Recent Artificial Rabbits Optimization and Dynamic Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Optimization Algorithm
2.1 Artificial Rabbits Optimization
2.2 Dynamic Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm
3 Result and Discussions
4 Conclusions
References
Influence of Various Operating Characteristics on the Biodiesel Preparation from Raw Mesua Ferrea Oil
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Collection of Materials, Oil Extraction, and Chemicals
2.2 Free Fatty Acid (FFA) Content of Mesua Ferrea Oil
2.3 Transesterification Process
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Methanol to Oil Molar Ratios
3.2 Influence of Catalyst Proportion
3.3 Reaction Temperature
4 Conclusions
References
A Comprehensive Review on Acoustical Muffler Used in Aircraft’s Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
1 Introduction
1.1 The Noise Sources of an APU
1.2 Types of Mufflers
1.3 Performance Parameters of Mufflers
2 Literature Review
3 Research Gap
4 Conclusion
References
A Case Study of Bus Bar Heat Transfer Optimization Using Taguchi Technique for Low Tension Application
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setup
3 Taguchi Method
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Combustion and Vibration Investigations of a Reactor-Based Dual Fuel CI Engine that Burns Hydrogen and Diesel
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setup
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Combustion Parameters
3.2 Vibrations
4 Conclusion
References
Evolution of Automotive Braking system—A Mini Review
1 Introduction
2 Major Types of Braking System Over the Years
2.1 Wooden Block Brakes
2.2 Drum Brakes
2.3 Disc Brakes
2.4 Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
2.5 Braking System in Electric Vehicle (EV Braking)
2.6 Contactless Braking System
3 Conclusion
References