دانلود کتاب International financial reporting: a practical guide

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Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
Acknowledgements......Page 11
List of international standards......Page 12
Part 1 Introduction to Financial Reporting......Page 14
1. The regulatory framework......Page 16
Sources of regulation......Page 17
Generally accepted accounting practice......Page 19
The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)......Page 20
The standard-setting process......Page 22
The purpose of accounting standards......Page 23
First-time adoption of international standards......Page 24
2 The IASB conceptual framework......Page 30
Purpose and scope of the IASB Conceptual Framework......Page 31
Objective of general purpose financial reporting......Page 32
Qualitative characteristics of financial information......Page 34
Underlying assumption......Page 37
Elements of financial statements......Page 38
Recognition of the elements of financial statements......Page 40
Concepts of capital and capital maintenance......Page 41
Discounting and present value......Page 45
Completed version of the Conceptual Framework......Page 46
3 Presentation of financial statements......Page 49
Components of financial statements......Page 50
General features......Page 51
Structure and content of financial statements......Page 53
The statement of financial position......Page 54
The statement of comprehensive income......Page 58
The statement of changes in equity......Page 62
The notes to the financial statements......Page 64
Interim financial reporting......Page 65
Management commentary......Page 66
Accounting policies......Page 74
Prior period errors......Page 79
Part 2 Financial Reporting in Practice......Page 86
5 Property, plant and equipment......Page 88
Definition of property, plant and equipment......Page 89
Recognition of property, plant and equipment......Page 90
Initial measurement of property, plant and equipment......Page 92
Subsequent measurement of property, plant and equipment......Page 93
Depreciation......Page 95
Disclosure requirements......Page 99
Borrowing costs......Page 100
Government grants......Page 102
Investment property......Page 105
IFRS13 Fair Value Measurement......Page 108
6 Intangible assets......Page 113
Definition of an intangible asset......Page 114
Initial recognition and measurement of intangible assets......Page 115
Subsequent measurement of intangible assets......Page 119
Amortisation of intangible assets......Page 121
Disclosure requirements......Page 123
Goodwill......Page 124
IFRS3 Business Combinations......Page 125
7 Impairment of assets......Page 131
Indications of impairment......Page 132
Recoverable amount......Page 133
Recognition and measurement of an impairment loss......Page 136
Cash-generating units......Page 137
Reversal of impairment losses......Page 141
Disclosure requirements......Page 142
8 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations......Page 147
Classification of non-current assets as held for sale......Page 148
Measurement of non-current assets held for sale......Page 150
Presentation of non-current assets held for sale......Page 154
Discontinued operations......Page 155
9 Leases......Page 161
Classification of leases (IAS17)......Page 162
Accounting for finance leases......Page 163
Disclosure requirements......Page 167
Lease accounting by lessees......Page 168
Lease accounting by lessors......Page 172
10 Inventories......Page 177
Cost of inventories......Page 178
Cost formulas......Page 180
Net realisable value......Page 183
Disclosures relating to inventories......Page 184
11 Financial instruments......Page 188
Definitions......Page 189
Classification of financial instruments......Page 190
Initial measurement of financial assets and liabilities......Page 193
Subsequent measurement of financial assets......Page 194
The effective interest method......Page 195
Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities......Page 197
Disclosure requirements......Page 198
12 Provisions and events after the reporting period......Page 203
Recognition of a provision......Page 204
Measurement of a provision......Page 206
Application of the recognition and measurement rules......Page 207
Contingent liabilities and contingent assets......Page 209
Disclosure requirements......Page 210
Events after the reporting period......Page 211
13 Revenue from contracts with customers......Page 217
The five-step model......Page 218
Identifying the contract......Page 219
Identifying performance obligations......Page 221
Determining the transaction price......Page 222
Allocating the transaction price......Page 224
Satisfaction of performance obligations......Page 225
Contract costs......Page 226
Presentation and disclosure......Page 227
Guidance to the application of IFRS15......Page 229
14 Employee benefits......Page 233
Short-term employee benefits......Page 234
Accounting for defined contribution plans......Page 236
Accounting for defined benefit plans......Page 237
Termination benefits......Page 242
Share-based payments......Page 243
15 Taxation in financial statements......Page 249
Current tax......Page 250
Deferred tax......Page 252
The tax base concept......Page 254
Disclosure requirements......Page 259
16 Statement of cash flows......Page 264
Cash and cash equivalents......Page 265
Classification of cash flows by activity......Page 266
Interest, dividends and taxes......Page 267
Reporting cash flows from operating activities......Page 268
Disclosures......Page 275
17 Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies......Page 285
Historical cost accounting and its weaknesses......Page 286
Strengths of historical cost accounting......Page 291
Alternatives to historical cost accounting......Page 292
The restatement of financial statements......Page 293
Disclosures required by IAS29......Page 298
Part 3 Consolidated Financial Statements......Page 302
18 Groups of companies (1)......Page 304
Requirement to prepare consolidated financial statements......Page 305
Group statement of financial position at date of acquisition......Page 306
Group statement of financial position in subsequent years......Page 310
Partly-owned subsidiaries......Page 313
Preference shares......Page 316
Elimination of intra-group balances......Page 318
Unrealised profits......Page 319
Disclosure requirements......Page 320
19 Groups of companies (2)......Page 329
Group statement of changes in equity......Page 330
Subsidiary acquired part way through an accounting period......Page 336
20 Associates and joint arrangements......Page 344
Associates and significant influence......Page 345
Application of the equity method......Page 346
Joint arrangements......Page 353
Disclosure requirements......Page 354
21 Related parties and changes in foreign exchange rates......Page 360
Definition of related party and related party transaction......Page 361
Disclosures required by IAS24......Page 363
Foreign exchange accounting......Page 364
Reporting foreign currency transactions......Page 365
Translation to a presentation currency......Page 367
Part 4 Analysis of Financial Statements......Page 372
22 Ratio analysis......Page 374
Accounting ratios......Page 375
Profitability ratios......Page 376
Liquidity ratios......Page 380
Efficiency ratios......Page 382
Investment ratios......Page 385
Limitations of ratio analysis......Page 392
Multivariate ratio analysis......Page 393
Significance of EPS......Page 401
Calculation of basic EPS......Page 402
Shares issued during the accounting period......Page 404
Bonus issues......Page 406
Rights issues......Page 407
Calculation of diluted EPS......Page 410
Presentation and disclosure requirements......Page 412
24 Segmental analysis......Page 417
Reportable segments......Page 418
Disclosures required by IFRS8......Page 420
Part 5 Small and Medium-sized Entities......Page 428
25 The IFRS for SMEs Standard 417......Page 430
Small and medium-sized entities......Page 431
Concepts and pervasive principles......Page 432
Financial statement presentation......Page 433
Statement of comprehensive income and income statement......Page 434
Notes to the financial statements......Page 435
Accounting policies, estimates and errors......Page 436
Investments in associates and joint ventures......Page 437
Property, plant and equipment......Page 438
Provisions and contingencies......Page 439
Revenue......Page 440
Impairment of assets......Page 441
Events after the end of the reporting period......Page 442
Transition to the IFRS for SMEs Standard......Page 443
Part 6 Answers......Page 444
Answers to exercises......Page 446
Index......Page 510