دانلود کتاب Introduction to Electronics

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Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 8
Careers in Electronics......Page 13
Using a Calculator......Page 17
Safety Precautions......Page 20
SECTION 1 DC CIRCUITS......Page 26
Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Electricity......Page 28
1–1 Matter, Elements, and Compounds......Page 29
1–2 A Closer Look at Atoms......Page 30
1–4 Voltage......Page 32
1–5 Resistance......Page 33
2–1 Electrical Charge......Page 35
2–2 Current Flow......Page 36
2–3 Scientific Notation......Page 38
3–1 Voltage Sources......Page 42
3–2 Cells and Batteries......Page 46
3–3 Connecting Cells and Batteries......Page 49
3–4 Voltage Rises and Voltage Drops......Page 52
3–5 Ground as a Voltage Reference Level......Page 53
4–1 Resistance......Page 56
4–3 Resistors......Page 57
4–4 Resistor Identification......Page 62
4–6 Connecting Resistors in Series......Page 65
4–7 Connecting Resistors in Parallel......Page 66
4–8 Connecting Resistors in Series and Parallel......Page 68
5–1 Electric Circuits......Page 74
5–2 Ohm’s Law......Page 76
5–3 Application of Ohm’s Law......Page 78
5–4 Kirchhoff’s Current Law......Page 82
5–5 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law......Page 83
Chapter 6 Electrical Measurements—Meters......Page 86
6–1 Introduction to Meters......Page 87
6–2 Types of Meters......Page 88
6–3 Multimeters......Page 89
6–4 Measuring Current......Page 90
6–5 Measuring Voltage......Page 92
6–6 Measuring Resistance......Page 93
6–7 Reading Meter Scales......Page 95
7–1 Power......Page 100
7–2 Power Application (Circuit Analysis)......Page 101
8–1 Series Circuits......Page 105
8–2 Parallel Circuits......Page 107
8–3 Series-Parallel Circuits......Page 109
8–4 Voltage Dividers......Page 113
8–5 Wheatstone Bridge......Page 118
Chapter 9 Magnetism......Page 121
9–1 Magnetic Fields......Page 122
9–2 Electricity and Magnetism......Page 124
9–3 Magnetic Induction......Page 126
9–4 Magnetic and Electromagnetic Applications......Page 129
10–1 Inductance......Page 135
10–2 Inductors......Page 136
10–3 L/R Time Constants......Page 138
11–1 Capacitance......Page 141
11–2 Capacitors......Page 142
11–3 RC Time Constants......Page 145
SECTION 2 AC CIRCUITS......Page 148
Chapter 12 Alternating Current......Page 150
12–1 Generating Alternating Current......Page 151
12–2 AC Values......Page 153
12–3 Nonsinusoidal Waveforms......Page 155
13–1 AC Meters......Page 158
13–2 Oscilloscopes......Page 161
13–3 Frequency Counters......Page 164
13–4 Bode Plotters......Page 165
14–1 Basic AC Resistive Circuits......Page 167
14–2 Series AC Circuits......Page 168
14–3 Parallel AC Circuits......Page 170
14–4 Power in AC Circuits......Page 171
15–1 Capacitors in AC Circuits......Page 173
15–2 Applications of Capacitive Circuits......Page 176
16–1 Inductance in AC Circuits......Page 180
16–2 Applications of Inductive Circuits......Page 183
17–1 Reactance in Series Circuits......Page 186
17–2 Reactance in Parallel Circuits......Page 190
17–3 Power......Page 192
17–4 Introduction to Resonance......Page 193
18–1 Electromagnetic Induction......Page 196
18–2 Mutual Inductance......Page 197
18–3 Turns Ratio......Page 198
18–4 Applications......Page 200
SECTION 3 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES......Page 206
Chapter 19 Semiconductor Fundamentals......Page 208
19–1 Semiconduction in Germanium and Silicon......Page 209
19–2 Conduction in Pure Germanium and Silicon......Page 211
19–3 Conduction in Doped Germanium and Silicon......Page 212
20–1 PN Junctions......Page 216
20–2 Diode Biasing......Page 218
20–3 Diode Characteristics......Page 219
20–4 Diode Construction Techniques......Page 220
20–5 Testing PN Junction Diodes......Page 222
21–1 Zener Diode Characteristics......Page 224
21–2 Zener Diode Ratings......Page 225
21–3 Voltage Regulation with Zener Diodes......Page 226
21–4 Testing Zener Diodes......Page 227
22–1 Transistor Construction......Page 229
22–3 Basic Transistor Operation......Page 231
22–4 Transistor Testing......Page 233
22–5 Transistor Substitution......Page 234
23–1 Junction FETs......Page 238
23–2 Depletion Insulated Gate FETs (MOSFETs)......Page 241
23–3 Enhancement Insulated Gate FETs (MOSFETs)......Page 243
23–5 Testing FETs......Page 245
24–1 Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers......Page 248
24–2 TRIACs......Page 251
24–3 Bidirectional Trigger Diodes......Page 253
24–4 Testing Thyristors......Page 254
Chapter 25 Integrated Circuits......Page 257
25–1 Introduction to Integrated Circuits......Page 258
25–2 Integrated Circuit Construction Techniques......Page 259
25–3 Integrated Circuit Packaging......Page 261
Chapter 26 Optoelectric Devices......Page 264
26–2 Light-Sensitive Devices......Page 265
26–3 Light-Emitting Devices......Page 269
SECTION 4 LINEAR ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS......Page 272
Chapter 27 Power Supplies......Page 274
27–2 Rectifier Circuits......Page 275
27–3 Filter Circuits......Page 278
27–4 Voltage Regulators......Page 281
27–5 Voltage Multipliers......Page 286
27–6 Circuit-Protection Devices......Page 288
28–1 Amplifier Configurations......Page 292
28–2 Amplifier Biasing......Page 294
28–3 Amplifier Coupling......Page 298
29–1 Direct-Coupled Amplifiers......Page 302
29–2 Audio Amplifiers......Page 305
29–3 Video Amplifiers......Page 307
29–4 RF and IF Amplifiers......Page 310
29–5 Operational Amplifiers......Page 312
30–1 Fundamentals of Oscillators......Page 318
30–2 Sinusoidal Oscillators......Page 319
30–3 Nonsinusoidal Oscillators......Page 323
31–1 Nonsinusoidal Waveforms......Page 327
31–2 Waveshaping Circuits......Page 330
31–3 Special-Purpose Circuits......Page 334
SECTION 5 DIGITAL ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS......Page 338
32–1 Binary Numbers......Page 340
32–2 Binary and Decimal Conversion......Page 342
32–3 BCD Code......Page 344
33–1 AND Gate......Page 346
33–2 OR Gate......Page 347
33–4 NAND Gate......Page 348
33–5 NOR Gate......Page 349
33–6 Exclusive OR and NOR Gates......Page 350
33–7 Buffer......Page 352
34–1 Veitch Diagrams......Page 355
34–2 Karnaugh Maps......Page 358
Chapter 35 Sequential Logic Circuits......Page 363
35–1 Flip-Flops......Page 364
35–2 Counters......Page 367
35–3 Shift Registers......Page 370
35–4 Memory......Page 376
36–1 Encoders......Page 381
36–2 Decoders......Page 383
36–3 Multiplexers......Page 385
36–4 Arithmetic Circuits......Page 388
36–5 Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)......Page 393
Chapter 37 Microcomputer Basics......Page 396
37–1 Computer Basics......Page 397
37–2 Microprocessor Architecture......Page 400
37–3 Microcontrollers......Page 403
SECTION 6 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS......Page 408
38–1 Fundamentals......Page 410
38–2 Schematic Diagram......Page 414
38–3 Breadboarding......Page 420
38–4 Laying Out Printed Circuit Boards......Page 421
38–5 Transferring Designs......Page 427
38–6 Etching Printed Circuit Boards......Page 428
38–7 Preparing the Etched Printed Circuit Board......Page 430
38–8 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)......Page 431
Chapter 39 Printed Circuit Board Assembly and Repair......Page 440
39–1 Electronics Technician Toolbox......Page 441
39–2 Electronic Test Equipment......Page 446
39–3 Solder and Soldering Irons......Page 449
39–4 Soldering a Printed Circuit Board......Page 452
39–5 Analyzing Soldered Connections......Page 458
39–6 Protective Coatings......Page 459
39–7 Safety Precautions......Page 460
39–8 Electrostatic Discharge......Page 463
40–1 Tools for Troubleshooting......Page 469
40–2 Isolation Techniques for Effective Troubleshooting......Page 473
40–3 Common Types of Defects......Page 474
40–5 Documentation......Page 477
Glossary......Page 480
Self-Test Answers......Page 492
Appendix 1—Electronics Abbreviations......Page 528
Appendix 2—Periodic Table of Elements......Page 529
Appendix 3—The Greek Alphabet......Page 530
Appendix 4—Metric Prefixes Used Electronics......Page 531
Appendix 5—Resistor Color Codes......Page 532
Appendix 6—Capacitor Color Code......Page 533
Appendix 7—Electronics Symbols......Page 536
Appendix 8—Semiconductor Schematic Symbols......Page 537
Appendix 9—Digital Logic Symbols......Page 538
Appendix 10—DC and AC Circuit Formulas......Page 539
Index......Page 540