دانلود کتاب Japanese Language Patterns: A Structural Approach

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Contents
Lesson 23 \"Reporting\"
23.1 Echo-type Direct Reporting
23.2 \" Indirect\" Reporting
23.3 The Form \"to yuu\"
23.4 Reporting Questions
23.5 Reporting Hearsay
23.6 Reporting Requests
23.7 Reporting One\'s Thoughts
A Summary of \"Reporting\"
Lesson 24 Inter-Correlated Events
24.1 Introduction
24.2 The Connective to
24.3 The Connective -tara
24.4 to Contrasted with -tara
24.5 The Connective -ba
24.6 -ba Contrasted with to and -tara
24.7 The Connective nara
24.8 nara contrasted with -tara
24.9 The Function Word moshi
Lesson 25 Some Structural Quantitative Nouns
25.1 gurai and hodo
25.2 dake
25.3 bakari
25.4 shika
25.5 goro
Lesson 26 More about the Particle mo
26.1 General Uses of mo
26.2 mo after Interrogative Words
26.3 mo after Quantity
Lesson 27 mo and wa after -te/de
27.1 -te mo in Contrastive Sentences
27.2 -te mo after Interrogative Words
27.3 Conditions with -te mo and -te wa
27.4 -te mo and -te wa in Invitations, Offers, etc.
27.5 Some Emphatic Patterns with -te wa
Lesson 28 Doubt and Certainty
28.1 ka after Interrogative Words
28.2 Subordinate Questions
28.3 ka in Expressions of Uncertainty
28.3.1 True Doubt and Apparent Uncertainty
28.3.2 \"I am of the opinion that ...\"
28.3.3 Doubt about the Message or the Report
28.3.4 ka mo shiremasen
Lesson 29 Duty, Desire, Intention
29.1 Duty and Obligation
19.1.1 Duty and Obligation with -beki
29.1.2 Duty and Oblication with Conditions
29.1.3 Duty and Oblication with wake
29.1.4 hazu
29.2 Wish and Desire
29.2A Desire to do Something
29.2B Desire to have Something Done
29.2C Desire that Something Happen
29.2D The Suffix -garu
29.3 Intention
29.3A Mophology of the Verb: the -oo Form
29.3B Intention with -oo to omoimasu
29.3C Intention with tsumori
29.4 \"About to...\"
Lesson 30 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
30.1 Concept of Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
30.2 Their Formal Characteristics
30.3 Use of Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
30.4 Meaning and use of Some Tenses
30.4.1 -ta Contrasted with -te iru
A: In Final Position
B: In Modifying Position
30.4.2 -te iru Contrasted with -te aru
A Formal Characteristics
B Use of -te iru and -te aru
30.4.3 -u Contrasted with -ta
Lesson 31 Potentiality
31.1 Morphology of the Verb
31.2 The Potential Sentences
31.3 Subject of the Potential Verbs
31.4 Some Common Uses of Potentials
31.4.1 With -te
31.4.2 With yoo ni
31.4.3 With dake, gurai, hodo
31.4.4 With Verb Clusters
Lesson 32 The Passive and the Permissive
32.1 The Passive
32.1.1 Of Verbs which in English are Transitive
32.1.2 When an Object is Present
32.1.3 Of Verbs which in English are Intransitive
32.1.4 The Source
32.1.5 Non-Intentional Actions
32.2 The Permissive
32.2.1 Morphology of the Verb: The Permissive
32.2.2 Permissive Sentences, in General
32.2.3 Permissive Sentences in Requests
32.2.4 Passive of the Permissive
Lesson 33 The Particles wa and ga Contrasted
33.1 Further Elaboration on the Topic
33.2 wa and ga Contrasted in General
33.3 wa and ga Contrasted in Subordinate Clauses
33.4 wa and ga Contrasted in Comparisons and Contrasts
33.5 When Only wa is Possible
33.6 de Contrasted with wa and ga
Lesson 34 On Some Structural Nouns
34.1 The Noun tokoro
34.1.1 Functioning as a Noun
34.1.2 Functioning as a Particle
34.2 The Noun mono
34.2.1 Some Uses for Production
A mono desu Equivalent to \'It is natural\'
B mono desu Equivalent to \'It generally happens that\", \'It is generally true for ...\'
C mono desu Equivalent to \'used to\', \'It was the regular thing\'
D mono desu Equivalent to \'It\'s what is generally done\', and mono de wa arimasen to \'It\'s what generally is not done\'
E mono desu kara used to connect a reason and the action done as a result of that reason
34.2.2 Some Uses for Recognition
34.3 The noun wake
Lesson 35 On Some Structural Nouns (cont.)
35.1 The Noun koto
35.1.1 koto Functioning as an Ordinary Noun
35.1.2 koto Functioning as a Converter of Verbs into Nouns
A koto ga aru \'It sometimes happens/has happened that ...\'
B suru koto wa suru \'It will be done all right (but)\'
C koto ni wa functioning as a verb modifier
D koto ni wa equivalent to to, the sequence signal
35.2 The Qualitative Noun yoo
35.2.1 Some Uses of yoo in General
A How it is linked to the word preceding
B yoo Functioning as a Noun Modifier
C yoo Functioning as a Verb Modifier
D Some Particular Instances of yoo ni
35.2.2 Some Patterns with yoo and koto
35.3 Some Patterns Related to yoo
35.3.1 The Adjectival Suffix -rashi
35.3.2 The Qualitative Noun Suffix -soo
35.3.3 The Qualitative Noun Suffix - mitai
35.3.4 to mieru and ni mieru
A to mieru and ni mieru contrasted
B the form to miete
35.4 The Noun mama
Lesson 36 Sequence Signals : Re-Starting of Sentences
36.1 The Referents ko-, so-, a-
36.1.1 When Referring to What We Said
36.1.2 Referring to the Things Themselves
31.1.3 Some Frequent Patterns Involving Referents
36.2 Re-Starting of Setences
36.2.1 Re-starting with so-
A Patterns with suru
B Pattern with sore
C Pattern with sono
D General Remarks
E Practice
36.2.2 Re-starting with desu
A Affirmative Patterns
B Negative Patterns
36.2.3 Re-starting by Repetition
A Pattern with to yuu
B Patterns with Two Negatives
36.3 Some Frequent Connectives
Lesson 37
37.1 Particles Signaling Emphasis
37.1.1 sae
A sae streesing nouns in simple sentences
B sae stressing nouns in complex sentences
C saw in inter-correlated sentences
D dake de sae yatto desu
E sae compared with made and de mo
37.1.2 koso
37.1.3 to and ni stressing Verb Modifiers
A to and ni stressing verb modifiers
B ni with bern modifiers
C to compared with ni
37.2 Particles of the nan- Group
37.2.1 nado, nante and nanka
37.2.2 The Form atari
37.3 Particles Signaling Sentiments
A some intonation curves
B ne and na
C zo and ze
D tomo
E sa
F yo
G other particles
37.4 Connective Particles
A conversational patterns
B written pattern
C general remarks
Lesson 38 An Elaboration on \"yuu\" and \"suru\"
38.1 (to) yuu
38.1.1 With Certain Nouns
38.1.2 Concerning the Subject of yuu
A to yuu with no
B to yuu with either no or koto, the meaning being different in each case
C to yuu with koto
38.1.3 to yuu with tokoro
38.1.4 to yuu with Interrogative Words and Referents
38.2 suru
38.2.1 General Functions and Meanings of suru
38.2.2 to suru and ni suru
A General
B to shite and to shite wa ni shite wa
Lesson 39 Some Remarks on Contractions, Omissions, and Inversions in Informal Speech
39.1 Some Problems of Contraction
39.2 Some Problems of Omission
39.2.1 Formal Patterns
39.2.2 Conversational Patterns
A omission of particles
B omissions in connection with to
C unfinished sentences
39.3 Some Problems of Inversion
Lesson 40 Some Observations on the Honorific Style
40.1 The Verb
40.2 Other Parts of Speech
40.3 Some Practical Material
Vocabulary
Lesson 23
Lesson 24
Lesson 25
Lesson 26
Lesson 27
Lesson 28
Lesson 29
Lesson 30
Lesson 31
Lesson 32
Lesson 33
Lesson 34
Lesson 35
Lesson 36
Lesson 37
Lesson 38
Lesson 39
Lesson 40
Index of Japanese Terms
Grammatical Index