دانلود کتاب Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism: Studies and New Directions

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Contents
Illustrations
Introduction: Considering Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism
Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism
What’s Jewish About Veganism? What’s Vegan About Jewishness?
Notes on Purpose and Scope
Organization of the Book
Studies
New Directions
Acknowledgments
Notes
Part One: Studies
1 The Slipperiness of Animal Suffering: Revisiting the Talmud’s Classic Treatment
The Raccoon in the Kitchen
Peter Singer and His Critics
The Resting Donkey and the Exhausted Ox
Lazy, Sick, and Elderly Donkey Drivers
Rava’s Revolution
The Talmud’s Testing Grounds
Conclusions: Competing Concerns, Law and Ethics, Slippery Slopes
Notes
2 Vegetarianism as Jewish Culture and Politics in Interwar Europe
Vegetarianism and Jewishness in Vilna
Communal Health in Unsanitary Conditions
Interwar Poland and Anti-Kosher Laws
Lewando‘s Cookbook and Ideals for a New Jewishness
4 Niemiecka Street
Vegetarianism as Antifascism in Nazi Germany
Jüdischer Frauenbund‘s Vegetarian Recipes
CVZ‘s Vegetarian Recipes and Toni Benario‘s Nutrition Column
Conclusion: Romanticizing Jewish Food in France
Notes
3 “I am a Vegetarian”: The Vegetarianism of Melech Ravitch
Biography
I Am a Vegetarian: Ravitch’s First Twenty­Four Hours as a Vegetarian
Ravitch and His Vegetarian Ideology
Ravitch’s Vegetarian Poems
Conclusion
Notes
4 Farm Animal Welfare in Jewish Art and Literature
Veganism: A New Trend?
European Voices from the Past
Contemporary Authors and Animal Welfare
Paintings of Slaughtered Oxen
Final Remarks and Acknowledgments
Notes
5 Vegetarianism and Veganism among Jewish Punks
Veganism among Punks
Shared Values and Backgrounds between Jews and Punks
Tikkun Olam
Radicalism
Individualism
Questioning
Examples from Punk Rock Musicians
Prominent Punks
Outspoken Vegetarian Jewish Punks
References by Nonvegetarians
Examples from the Food World
Isa Chandra Moskowitz
NewKosher
Coda
Notes
6 Opening the Tent: Jewish Veganism as an Expression of an Ecological Form of Judaism
Jewish Identities
Vegan Identities
Jewish Vegan Identities
Jewish Vegan Identity in Practice
Conclusion
Notes
7 A Linguistic Appraisal: Jewish Perceptions of Animal Suffering
Data Collection and Methodology
Results
Concluding Remarks
Appendix
English Survey
Hebrew Survey
Notes
Part Two: New Directions
8 Veganism and Covenantalism: Contrasting and Overlapping Moralities
Defining Covenant
Domestication
Covenant in the Torah
The Covenant of Israel and the Covenant of Blood
The Covenantal Role of the Shepherd
The Ecological Dimension
Domesticated Animals versus Wild Animals
The Prophets
Rabbinic Teachings on Animals
Medieval Philosophical Perspectives
Kabbalah and the Souls of Animals
Abraham Isaac Kook
Bifurcating Moralities
Veganism and Covenantalism: Transcending Dichotomy
Notes
9 Musar and Jewish Veganism
Divine Love for All Creatures and the Prohibition on Causing Suffering
Emulating Noah’s Constant Concern
Shepherds and the Power of Empathy
Contemplating Midrash and Overcoming Rationalization
Sharing the Burden of the Animal
Self-Restraint before Pleasure
Simchah Zissel’s Explorations of Vegetarianism
Conclusions
Notes
10 The Vegetarian Teachings of Rav Kook
Kook’s Critique of Vegetarianism and Responses
Rav Kook was not a Vegetarian.
Rav Kook did not allow his son Rabbi Zvi Yehuda Kook to become a vegetarian, and even encouraged him to study ritual slaughter.
Rav Kook considered vegetarianism to be an ideal for the messianic age, when people will have a heightened spiritual awareness, but he argued that vegetarianism should not be widely adopted as a norm for human conduct before that time.
Rav Kook asserted that at present, other societal issues, such as the enmity between nations and racial discrimination, should be of greater moral concern to humanity than the well-being of animals. Hence, he advocated that people first work on such societal issues before improving the lives of animals.
Rav Kook criticized people who promoted vegetarianism in his own day and in our imperfect world, fearing they might use vegetarianism as an excuse to not involve themselves in other important societal issues.
Despite his strongly provegetarian stance, Rav Kook considered this diet to represent a spiritual rung that is presently too difficult for most human beings to attain.
Rav Kook believed that when people take on austerities for which they are insufficiently prepared, their uncorrected evil traits will manifest themselves inevitably in other, possibly more harmful ways. He observed that a common psychological strategy for a corrupt person is to whitewash their self-image by finding an extremely idealistic cause to champion. He felt that these dangers apply to ethical vegetarianism. If the premature embrace of this lofty expression of compassion for animals should fail, he warned, it could lead to moral regression—even cannibalism.
According to Rav Kook, because people had fallen to an extremely low spiritual level, it was necessary that they be given an elevated image of themselves in comparison to animals. He feared that vegetarians might forget their human superiority and come to think of themselves as beasts.
Conclusion
Notes
11 Relevant and Irrelevant Distinctions: Speciesism, Judaism, and Veganism
Rabbi Albo’s Account of Cain’s Human Sacrifice of Abel
Speciesism: A Primer
The Divine Image, Souls, and Differences between Humans and Animals
Tza’ar Ba’alei Chayim: Limits and Reasons
Assessment and Conclusions
Notes
12 A Morally Generative Tension: Conflicting Jewish Commitments to Humans and Animals
Modern Secular History
Jewish Thought on Obligation
Bible and Early Rabbinic Thought
Anthropocentrism
Reincarnation
Partnership
Conclusion
Notes
13 Linking Judaism and Veganism in Darkness and in Light
Darkness
What Does It Mean to Be a Jew?
Becoming “Animals”
Becoming Jews
From Darkness to Light: Kashrut
Redeeming Kashrut
Here’s Your Damned Meat
Why Not Just Require It?
Conclusion
Notes
14 Jewish Veganism as an Embodied Practice: A Vegan Agenda for Cultural Jews
The Crisis of Secular or Cultural Judaism
Religious and Ethnic Judaism as Technologies of the Self
Jewish Ethnic Self-Understanding and Practices
The Rewards of Secular Jewish Veganism
Veganism and Jewish Values
The Reinvention of Tradition
Jewish Veganism and Advocacy
Vegan Advocacy and Israel
Conclusion
Notes
Report: Jewish Vegan and Vegetarian Movements in North America
A Brief History of the Jewish Veg Movement
1970s: The Beginning
Publishing and Conferences
The Eco-Jewish Value of Not Eating Meat: Teva Learning Center
Twenty-First Century: Podcasts and a Documentary
The First Professional Jewish Vegetarians
The Role of Meat Reduction in Jewish Food and Farming Education
New Jewish Animal Welfare Organizations
Collaboration and Points of Tension
Notes
Afterword
Notes
Contributors
Index