دانلود کتاب Learning Navaho. Volume 1-2

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St. Michaels, St. Michael's Press, 1941. — 424 p.Два тома учебника языка навахо.The Navaho language is spoken by nearly fifty thousand Navaho Indians in the states of Arizona and New Mexico. It is utterly different in structure and vocabulary from any of the languages of the Pueblo Indians, with whom the Navaho have for hundreds of years been in continuous contact. Strange to say, this Pueblo contact has not influenced Navaho to a noticeable degree, while Spanish elements in the language are comparatively few, and English elements practically none.
The American Indian languages to which Navaho is most closely related are the dialects of the Apache, which are very similar to Navaho in both grammar and vocabulary. Navaho and Apache, in turn, are southern members of a large group of languages generally known аз Athapaskan or Dene* These are mainly massed in the far north, immediately south of the Esjtimo and covering an immense territory from Hudson's Bay west to very near the mouth of the Yukon river in Alaska. Another group of Athapaskan languages is found in the Pacific coast region in southwestern Oregon and northwestern California. Though Navaho is even more obviously related to the northern Athapaskan languages, such as Chipewyan, Beaver, and Carrier, than English is to German, the Navaho Indians themselves know nothing of a far northern origin. They are thoroughly at home in the arid Southwest and their language, as it comes to us today, adequately reflects the geographical and cultural setting of its speakers.