دانلود کتاب Litigation Under Florida Probate Code

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Cover
Prefatory Material
Title Page
Copyright
LEGAL PUBLICATIONS STAFF
PREFACE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 — PROCEDURAL CONSIDERATIONS
§ 1.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 1.2. PROCEDURE VERSUS SUBSTANCE
§ 1.3. PROCEDURAL CONSIDERATIONS
A. Scope Of Florida Probate Rules
B. Evidence Code
C. Limiting Appearances In Litigation Matters
D. Pleadings, Motions, And Verification
E. Notice
1. In General
2. Formal Notice
3. Informal Notice
a. In General
b. Service Of Informal Notice By Electronic Mail
c. Service Of Informal Notice By Delivery Or Mail
4. Service On A Minor
5. Service In Manner Provided For Service Of Formal Notice
6. Bifurcation Of Notice Requirements
a. In General
b. Notice Of Administration
i. In General
ii. Deemed Service Of Notices On Personal Representative
iii. Optional Formal Notice Of Petition For Administration
c. Notice To Creditors
7. Request For Notice And Other Information
a. Request For Notice And Copies
b. Request For Estate Information
F. Time
1. Computing Time Limits
2. Notice Of Hearings
3. Extension Of Time
4. Suspension Of Statute Of Limitations For Personal Representative
G. Contested Claims
1. Jurisdiction
2. Filing Requirements For Objections To Claims
H. Adversary Proceedings
I. Parties And Discovery
J. Appeals
§ 1.4. JURISDICTION IN THE PROBATE COURT
A. History Of Probate Jurisdiction
B. Territorial Jurisdiction And Venue
C. Subject Matter Jurisdiction
D. In Personam And In Rem Jurisdiction
1. In General
2. Personal Jurisdiction In Probate Proceedings
a. Process In General
b. Procedural Considerations
c. Scope Of Personal Jurisdiction
3. In Rem Jurisdiction In Probate Proceedings
a. Formal Notice In General
b. Formal Notice On A Minor
c. Formal Notice And Persons Interested
E. Separate Actions Within And Outside Probate Proceeding
Chapter 2 — INTESTATE SUCCESSION
§ 2.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 2.2. DETERMINATION OF BENEFICIARIES
A. Factors Bearing On Eligibility
1. Children Born Out Of Wedlock
a. Establishing Paternity
b. Presumptions
2. Adoption
a. Effect Of Judgment
b. Death Of Party To Proceeding
c. Adoptee’s Status As Pretermitted Child
d. Effect Of Foreign Judgment; “De Facto,” “Virtual,” Or “Equitable” Adoption
3. Afterborn Heirs
4. Half Blood Inheritance
5. Disqualification Of Killer Of Decedent And Forfeiture For Abuse, Neglect, Exploitation, Or Aggravated Manslaughter Of Elderly Person Or A Disabled Adult
6. Aliens
7. Marriage
a. In General
b. Statutory Requirements; Proof Of Marriage
c. Common-Law Marriages
d. Effect Of Dissolution
e. Effect Of Annulment
f. Antenuptial And Postnuptial Agreements
i. Effect Of Agreement
ii. Requirements For Agreement
g. Effect Of Marriage Procured By Fraud, Duress, Or Undue Influence
B. Procedure For Determining Heirs
1. In General
2. Petition For Determination Of Beneficiaries
a. Contents
b. Who May File
c. Service Of Process
d. Default
e. Waiver
3. Evidentiary Considerations
4. Guardian Ad Litem For Unknown Beneficiaries
5. Genealogical Tracing Services
§ 2.3. INHERITANCE RIGHTS
A. In General
B. Share Of Spouse
C. Share Of Heirs Other Than Spouse
D. Exempt Property
E. Family Allowance
F. Determination Of Lineal And Collateral Heirs
§ 2.4. APPOINTMENT OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE
§ 2.5. DISCOVERY OF WILL AFTER COMMENCEMENT OF ADMINISTRATION
§ 2.6. RIGHT TO POSSESSION OF PROPERTY
§ 2.7. AGREEMENTS AS TO SUCCESSION
§ 2.8. ADVANCEMENTS
§ 2.9. GENEALOGICAL CHART
Chapter 3 — WILL AND TRUST CONTESTS
§ 3.1. SCOPE
§ 3.2. WILL CONTESTS
A. Grounds
1. In General
2. Execution Or Qualification
a. In General
b. Age
c. Statutory Formalities
d. Effect Of Self-Proving Will
3. Statutory Grounds
a. Incompetency And Insane Delusion
b. Fraud, Duress, Undue Influence, Or Mistake
c. Gifts
4. Revocation
a. By Writing
b. By Act
5. Partial Revocation
a. General Considerations
b. Effect
6. Special Grounds
a. Charitable Devises
b. Rule Against Perpetuities
c. Pretermitted Heirs
d. Public Policy
B. Standing To Contest
1. Interest In Estate
a. Heir At Law
b. Beneficiary Or Personal Representative Under Former Will
c. Contractual Rights
2. Filing Requirements
a. Notice Of Administration
b. Probate In Foreign State
3. Renunciation Of Benefits
a. Applicability
b. Effect
4. In Terrorem Clause
5. Dependent Relative Revocation
6. Caveat
C. Attorney’s Relationship With Client
1. General Considerations
2. Contingent Fee Arrangements
3. Fees Set By Court
4. Representing One Of Multiple Interested Parties
5. Conflicts Of Interest
6. Malpractice
D. Pleadings
1. Petition For Revocation Of Probate
a. In General
b. Form For Petition
c. Service Of Petition
i. In General
ii. Parties
iii. Methods Of Service
2. Reply To Petition
a. Standard Grounds
b. Special Grounds
c. Attack On Standing Of Petitioner
3. Motions
a. In General
b. Motion To Dismiss
c. Summary Judgment
d. Objections On Jurisdictional Grounds
E. Discovery
1. Application Of Florida Rules Of Civil Procedure
2. Form For Notice Of Motion Seeking Assessment Of Costs
3. Interested Witnesses
F. Trial
1. Jury Trial
2. Nonjury Trial
3. Pretrial Conference And Mediation
4. Testimony
a. Interested Witnesses
b. Expert Testimony
c. Dead Person’s Statute
d. Rules Of Evidence
e. Lay Testimony
f. Attorney As Witness
g. Depositions
5. Documentary Evidence
a. In General
b. Writings Of Decedent
c. Medical Records
d. Previous Wills
e. Death Certificates
f. Government Records
g. Records Of Activities
G. The Judgment
1. Elements Of Judgment
2. Recitation Of Facts
3. Allowance Of Fees
4. Form For Judgment
5. Forms For Orders Allowing Fees
a. Order Assessing Fees Payable From Estate Assets
b. Order Assessing Fees Payable From Assets Passing To Contestants Of Will
6. Rehearing
H. Settlement Of Will Contest
1. Partial Settlement
2. Complete Settlement
3. Form For Settlement
§ 3.3. TRUST CONTESTS
A. In General
B. Grounds
1. Execution Or Qualification
a. Trust Executed Prior To October 1, 1995
b. Trust Executed On Or After October 1, 1995
c. Execution Considerations
2. Statutory Grounds
a. Elements For Contest
b. Fraud, Duress, And Undue Influence
c. Mistake; Reformation As Remedy
d. Unenforceable Trusts
e. Gifts To Lawyers And Other Persons
3. Revocation
a. By Writing
b. By Act
C. Commencement Of Trust Proceedings
1. Independent Action
2. Consolidation
D. Venue
1. In General
2. Expansion Of Venue
E. Service Of Process
1. Statutory Service
2. Formal Notice
F. Foreign Trust
1. Limitation On Florida Proceedings
2. Exceptions To Limitations
G. Standing To Contest
1. Interest In Trust
a. Heir At Law
b. Beneficiary Under Trust
c. Contractual Rights
2. Filing Requirements And Limitations
3. Renunciation Of Benefits
4. In Terrorem Clause
H. Fees In Trust Actions
1. Reasonable Fees
2. Powers Of Trustee
3. Legal Services Rendered To Trust
4. Chancery Considerations
I. Trial Considerations
Chapter 4 — RIGHTS OF THE SURVIVING FAMILY
§ 4.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 4.2. SPOUSAL RIGHTS PROCURED BY FRAUD, DURESS, OR UNDUE INFLUENCE
§ 4.3. ELECTIVE SHARE
A. For Decedents Dying Prior To October 1, 2001
B. For Decedents Dying On Or After October 1, 2001
1. In General
2. The “Elective Estate”
3. How Right Exercised
4. Determination Of Entitlement
5. Determination Of Amount
6. Additional Considerations
§ 4.4. EXEMPT PROPERTY
A. In General
B. How Right Exercised
§ 4.5. FAMILY ALLOWANCE
A. In General
B. How Right Exercised
§ 4.6. PRENUPTIAL AGREEMENTS AND WAIVER
A. Before Florida Probate Code
B. Florida Probate Code Provisions
§ 4.7. POSTNUPTIAL AGREEMENTS
§ 4.8. PRETERMITTED SPOUSES
A. In General
B. How Status Established
§ 4.9. PRETERMITTED CHILDREN
A. In General
B. How Status Established
§ 4.10. RIGHTS RESULTING FROM MARRIAGE TERMINATION
§ 4.11. RECEIPT OF PROPERTY BY KILLER (SLAYER STATUTE)
§ 4.12. NONMONETARY RIGHTS
§ 4.13. FLORIDA UNIFORM DISPOSITION OF COMMUNITY PROPERTY RIGHTS AT DEATH ACT
Chapter 5 — JOINTLY HELD ASSETS
§ 5.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 5.2. FORMS OF COMMON OWNERSHIP
A. In General
B. Tenancy In Common
1. Creation
2. Characteristics
C. Joint Tenancy
1. Creation
2. Characteristics
a. Unities
b. Severance
c. Survivorship
D. Tenancy By The Entireties
1. Creation
a. Real Property
b. Personal Property
2. Characteristics
a. Unities
b. Severance
c. Survivorship
§ 5.3. CREATION OF JOINT INTERESTS BY GIFT
A. In General
B. Essential Elements Of Gifts Inter Vivos And Causa Mortis
1. In General
2. Intent
3. Delivery
4. Acceptance
C. Presumptions And Burdens Of Proof Applicable To Gift Issues
1. In General
2. Gift Presumptions
a. Presumption Arising From Joint Titling Or Registration
b. Presumption Arising From Relationship Of Parties
c. Donee’s Possession Of Property
3. Overcoming Gift Presumptions; Burden Of Proof
4. Treatment Of Presumptions Under Florida Evidence Code
5. Presumption Of Undue Influence
§ 5.4. MULTIPLE-PARTY ACCOUNTS
A. Ownership Prior To Death Of Any Party
1. In General
2. Statutes Or Account Documentation Not Controlling
3. Establishing Ownership Interest
4. Accountability And Withdrawal Authorization
B. Ownership By Survivorship
1. In General
2. Joint Account Survivorship Theories
3. Joint Account Statutes And Presumptions Of Survivorship
a. In General
b. Savings Associations (1965–1992)
c. Banks (1971–1992)
d. Contrast Between Former Statutes (Pre-1992)
e. Consolidated Statute (Since 1992)
f. Pay-On-Death Account Statute (Since 1995)
g. Severance Of Survivorship Accounts
h. Convenience Accounts
§ 5.5. TOTTEN TRUST ACCOUNTS
A. Creation And Characteristics
B. Revocation
§ 5.6. FLORIDA UNIFORM TRANSFER-ON-DEATH SECURITY REGISTRATION ACT
Chapter 6 — CREDITORS’ CLAIMS
§ 6.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 6.2. THREE-MONTH/THIRTY-DAY CLAIM STATUTE
A. In General
B. Jurisdictional Statute Of Nonclaim Versus Statute Of Limitations
1. Significance Of Issue
2. Pre-May Decision
3. May Decision
4. Post-May Decision
C. Extension Of Time For Filing Claim
§ 6.3. TWO-YEAR NONCLAIM STATUTE
A. In General
B. Notice
§ 6.4. CLAIMS AGAINST REVOCABLE TRUSTS
§ 6.5. OBJECTIONS
A. Statutory Requirements
B. Service Of Objection
C. Failure To Serve Objection
D. Extension Of Time For Filing Or Serving Objection
1. In General
2. Good Cause
E. Failure To File Objection
§ 6.6. INDEPENDENT ACTION
A. Statutory Requirement
B. Failure To File Independent Action
C. Time For Filing Independent Action
D. Extension Of Time For Filing Independent Action
1. In General
2. Good Cause
E. Where Independent Action Must Be Brought
F. Necessary Parties
G. Notice Of Independent Action
H. Action Pending At Death
I. Priority Of Judgment
§ 6.7. PAYMENT OF CLAIMS
A. Petition For Compulsory Payment
B. Interest
C. Attorneys’ Fees
§ 6.8. ACTION WHEN NO CLAIM FILED
A. Liens On Specific Property; Counterclaims; Insurance
B. Trust Claims
§ 6.9. EXECUTIONS AND LEVIES
§ 6.10. TOLLING STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
§ 6.11. APPEALS
Chapter 7 — WILL CONSTRUCTION
§ 7.1. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
A. Necessity Of Probate
B. Review Of Facts And Law
C. Consideration Of Stipulated Construction
§ 7.2. JURISDICTION; CHOICE OF FORUM; JURY TRIAL OF RELATED ISSUES
A. Circuit Court
B. Federal Court
C. Availability Of Jury Trial
§ 7.3. DRAFTING PETITION OR COMPLAINT
A. Contents
B. Parties
C. Sample Petition For Construction Of Will
D. Notice
E. Form For Notice
F. Form Proof of Service Of Formal Notice
§ 7.4. PROCEDURE
A. In General
B. Waiver And Consent
1. In General
2. Sample Waiver And Consent
C. Default
§ 7.5. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION
A. In General
B. Statutory Rules
1. Simultaneous Death Law
2. Antilapse; Deceased Devisee
3. Failure Of Testamentary Provision
4. Change In Securities; Accessions; Nonademption
5. Nonademption Of Specific Devises In Certain Cases
6. Exercise Of Power Of Appointment
7. Construction Of Terms
8. Ademption By Satisfaction
9. Devises To Multigenerational Classes Are Per Stirpes
10. Penalty Clause For Contest
11. Principal And Income
12. Reformation And Modification Of Wills
C. Interpretative And Probative Rules
1. In General
2. Cardinal Rule—Intent Of Testator
3. Other Rules
a. Choice Of Law; Realty And Personalty
b. Intestacy Not Favored
c. Will Construed As A Whole
d. Clauses In Conflict
e. Spouses And Blood Relatives Favored
f. Republication Of Wills
g. Date Of Construction
h. Disinheritance
§ 7.6. ADMISSIBILITY OF EXTRINSIC EVIDENCE
A. Latent And Patent Ambiguities
1. In General
2. Latent Ambiguity
3. Patent Ambiguity
B. Examples Of Admissible Extrinsic Evidence
C. Circumstances Surrounding Execution Of Will
§ 7.7. LAWYER’S AND PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE’S COMPENSATION
§ 7.8. LIMITED JUDICIAL CONSTRUCTION OF TAX PROVISIONS RELATING TO SUSPENSION OF FEDERAL ESTATE TAX AND GST TAX FOR 2010
Chapter 8 — HOMESTEAD LITIGATION
§ 8.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 8.2. DEFINING HOMESTEAD
A. Constitutional Provisions
B. Statutory Provisions
1. F.S. 731.201—Homestead Defined
2. F.S. 732.401—Descent Of Homestead
3. F.S. 732.4015—Devise Of Homestead
4. F.S. 732.4017—Inter Vivos Transfer Of Homestead
5. F.S. 736.1109—Testamentary And Revocable Trusts: Homestead Protections
6. F.S. 736.151—Homestead Property
C. Applicable Law
D. Form Of Ownership Of Property
E. Possession Of Homestead By Personal Representative And Homestead Lien
§ 8.3. CONTEXTS IN WHICH HOMESTEAD ISSUES ARISE
A. In General
B. Tax Exemption Issues
C. Title Issues
1. Inter Vivos Alienation Of Property
2. Inheritance Of Property
3. Devise Of Property
D. Exemption From Claims Of Creditors Issues
E. Waivers Of Homestead Protection
§ 8.4. DETERMINATION OF HOMESTEAD STATUS
A. Presumptions; Burden Of Proof
B. Importance Of Time Of Execution Of Instrument In Determining Homestead
C. Factual Issues To Be Determined
1. In General
2. Residency
3. Family Status
§ 8.5. PLEADING AND PROCEDURE
A. In General
B. Notice Of Proceedings
1. Necessity Of Providing Notice
2. Form For Notice
C. Searching For Interested Persons
1. Necessity Of Search
2. Form For Affidavit Of Diligent Search And Inquiry
3. Form For Notice Of Action
D. Guardians Ad Litem
1. In General
2. Form For Petition For Appointment
3. Form For Order Of Appointment
4. Form For Oath
E. Petition And Order Regarding Determination Of Homestead Status
F. Notice Of Taking Possession Of Protected Homestead
Chapter 9 — REMOVAL OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE AND SURCHARGE
§ 9.1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
§ 9.2. REVOCATION OF APPOINTMENT OR REFUSAL TO APPOINT VERSUS REMOVAL
§ 9.3. REMOVAL OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE
A. Statutory Grounds For Removal
B. Judicial Construction Of Statutory Grounds For Removal
C. Conflict Between Co-Personal Representatives And Hostility Of Beneficiaries As Additional Grounds For Removal
D. Requirement That Estate Be Endangered
E. Commencement Of Removal Proceedings
F. Jurisdiction And Venue
G. Standing To Bring Removal Action
H. Timing
I. Attorneys’ Fees And Costs
J. Removal Of Personal Representative’s Attorney
K. Jury Trial
L. Right Of Appeal
M. Accounting By Removed Personal Representative
N. Delivery Of Assets And Records
O. Administration Following Removal
§ 9.4. SURCHARGE AND LIABILITY OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE FOR MISMANAGEMENT
A. Available Remedies
B. Standard For Liability
C. Specific Areas Of Personal Representative’s Liability
1. Operating Decedent’s Business
2. Investments
3. Claims And Litigation
4. Hiring Agents; Defense Of Advice Of Counsel
D. Standing
E. Conflict Of Interest Transactions
F. Matters Barring Actions Against Personal Representative
1. Objection To Interim Accounting
2. Objection To Final Accounting
G. Actions On Surety Bonds
H. Exculpatory Clauses
I. Appeals
J. Attorneys’ Fees
K. Liability Of Personal Representative’s Attorney To Beneficiaries Of Estate
Chapter 10 — JURY TRIALS IN PROBATE
§ 10.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 10.2. SOURCES OF RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY
A. Florida Constitution
B. Statute
§ 10.3. SCOPE OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY
A. In General
B. Right Determined By Nature Of Controversy
1. In General
2. Legal Causes Of Action Generally—Right To Trial By Jury
3. Equitable Causes Of Action Generally—No Right To Trial By Jury
4. General Probate Proceedings—No Right To Trial By Jury
5. Particular Probate-Related Legal Causes Of Action—Right To Trial By Jury
6. Particular Probate-Related Equitable Proceedings—No Right To Trial By Jury
C. Liberal Construction Of Right
§ 10.4. ADVISORY JURIES IN EQUITABLE PROCEEDINGS
A. In General
B. In Probate
C. Procedure for Empaneling An Advisory Jury
§ 10.5. REVIEW OF ORDER DENYING OR STRIKING DEMAND FOR JURY TRIAL
§ 10.6. REMOTE JURY TRIALS
Chapter 11 — COMPENSATION DISPUTES
§ 11.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 11.2. THE LAW
A. Time As Factor In Determining Reasonable Fee
B. Understanding Operation Of Statutory Formula
C. Attorneys’ Fees—Basis For Entitlement
1. Attorney Representing Personal Representative
a. Attorney For The Serving Personal Representative
b. Paralegal Compensation
c. Attorney For Removed Or Resigning Personal Representative Or Unsuccessful Will Offeror
2. Attorney Representing Third Party
a. Actions On Behalf Of Or Against The Estate
i. In General
ii. “Benefit To The Estate” Under F.S. 733.106(3)
b. Surcharge Action Under F.S. 733.609
c. Disqualification Under F.S. 733.3101
3. Fees Under F.S. 57.105, 768.79, And 772.11
a. Fees Under F.S. 57.105
b. Fees Under F.S. 768.79
c. Fees Under F.S. 772.11
D. Attorneys’ Fees Charged Against Third Party
E. Personal Representatives’ Fees—Basis For Entitlement
F. Fees For Multiple Personal Representatives
G. Fees For Multiple Attorneys
H. Fees When Attorney Is Also Personal Representative
I. When And How Fees Are Paid
J. Priority And Nature Of Fees
K. Calculation Of “Reasonable Fee”
1. Fees Of Attorneys
a. Historical Perspective Of Attorneys’ Fees For Probate Administration
b. Current Law Of Attorneys’ Fees For Probate Administration
c. Attorney As Expert Or Fact Witness
d. Retroactive Effect Of F.S. 733.6171
e. Fees For Probate Litigation
f. Pleading Requirements
2. Fees Of Personal Representatives
a. Historical Perspective Of Personal Representatives’ Commissions
b. Current Law Of Personal Representatives’ Commissions
L. Need For Time Records
1. Introduction
2. Application
M. Fee Contracts
N. Fees To Obtain Fees
O. Expert Witness Fee For Attorney/Witness
P. Interest On Attorneys’ Fees Awarded But Unpaid
Q. Interim Or Partial Fees
R. Fees For Appellate Services
1. Introduction
2. Application
§ 11.3. PROCEDURE
A. Parties
B. How Proceeding Is Commenced
1. By Petition
2. By Objection To Petition For Discharge Or Final Accounting
C. Nonadversary Versus Adversary Proceeding
D. Pleading Requirements
E. Discovery
F. Burden Of Proof
G. Getting To Final Hearing
H. Settlement
I. Final Hearing
J. Final Order
K. Appeal
§ 11.4. COLLECTION PROCEDURES AND CONSIDERATIONS
A. Ethical Considerations
B. Attorney’s Retaining Lien
C. Charging Lien
§ 11.5. TAX CONSIDERATIONS
§ 11.6. IN RE ESTATE OF PLATT: AN ANALYSIS
§ 11.7. CONCLUSION
Chapter 12 — WRONGFUL DEATH CLAIMS
§ 12.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 12.2. INVESTIGATING CAUSES OF ACTION
A. In General
B. Medical Malpractice
C. Determining Availability Of Liability Insurance Coverage
§ 12.3. PROCEDURAL CONSIDERATIONS
A. General Considerations
B. Personal Injury Claims Pending At Time Of Decedent’s Death
C. Foreign Personal Representative
D. Statute Of Limitations
E. Venue
F. Party Substitution
§ 12.4. DETERMINING SURVIVORS
A. In General
B. Surviving Spouse
C. Children In Being At Death
D. Parents
E. Other Relatives
F. The Estate
§ 12.5. EVALUATING SETTLEMENT OFFERS
§ 12.6. SETTLING WRONGFUL DEATH CLAIMS
§ 12.7. ALLOCATION OF ATTORNEYS’ FEES
§ 12.8. LIENS ON WRONGFUL DEATH RECOVERY
A. In General
B. Medicare Liens
1. Legal Basis For Lien
2. Handling Medicare Lien Before Wrongful Death Recovery Is Made
3. Medicare Liens Post-Recovery
C. Medicaid Liens
1. In General
2. Lien Amount
3. Distribution Of Recovered Amount
4. Undue Hardship Waiver
5. Impact Of Ahlborn And Bradley
D. Group Insurance Liens
1. ERISA Policies
2. Non-ERISA Policies
a. In General
b. Requirement To Notify Collateral Source Provider Of Wrongful Death Claim
c. Waiver Of Lien
d. Provider’s Duty To Cooperate With Claimant
e. Settlement Of Disputes
3. No Lien On Future Payments
Chapter 13 — TORTIOUS INTERFERENCE IN ESTATE PLANNING
§ 13.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 13.2. ELEMENTS OF TORT OF INTENTIONAL INTERFERENCE WITH EXPECTANCY
A. In General
B. Reasonable Expectancy: Prospect Of Inter Vivos Or Testamentary Gift As Result Of Fixed Intention
1. Nature Of Expectancy
2. Examples Of Allegations Of Expectancy
C. Intentional Interference With Expectancy By Means That Are Independently Tortious In Character
1. Tortious Means Generally
2. Examples Of Independent Torts
D. Interference Causes Damage By Destroying Expectancy
1. Damages
2. Causation Generally
3. Examples Of Allegations Of Causation
4. Examples Of Manner In Which Wrongful Interference May Destroy Expectancy
§ 13.3. EXHAUSTION OF ADEQUATE PROBATE REMEDY
A. In General
B. Underlying Policies For Exhaustion Requirement
C. Adequacy
1. Probate Remedies For Interference With Trust Devise
a. In General
b. Will Makes Devise Or Pours Over To Trust
c. Incorporation By Reference Of Trust Into Will
D. Need For Consistency In Related Transactions
§ 13.4. TORT REMEDIES
A. Monetary Damages
B. Restitution; Constructive Trust; Equitable Lien
§ 13.5. LATER TORT ACTION
A. In General
B. Later Action Permitted
C. Later Action Not Permitted
§ 13.6. POINT AT WHICH TORT ACTION MAY BE BROUGHT
§ 13.7. REQUIRED BURDEN OF PROOF
§ 13.8. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
§ 13.9. CASE SUMMARIES
§ 13.10. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES
Chapter 14 — APPELLATE PRACTICE IN PROBATE
§ 14.1. INTRODUCTION
§ 14.2. QUESTIONS TO ADDRESS WHEN PROBATE COURT ISSUES ORDER
§ 14.3. FINAL ORDERS
A. Right To Appeal Final Order
B. Definition Of Final Order
C. Examples Of Appealable Final Orders
D. Examples Of Nonappealable Orders
E. Options Regarding Final Order
1. Filing Notice Of Appeal Within 30 Days Of Signing And Filing Of Order, Without Filing Motion To Delay Rendition
2. Filing Motion To Delay Rendition
§ 14.4. NONFINAL ORDERS
§ 14.5. CERTIORARI
A. When Available
B. Practice And Procedure
§ 14.6. STANDARDS OF REVIEW ON APPEAL
A. In General
B. Law Decisions
C. Fact Decisions
1. In General
2. Testamentary Capacity
3. Undue Influence
4. Legal Conclusions From Undisputed Evidence
D. Discretionary Decisions
§ 14.7. APPELLATE PRINCIPLES REGARDING ERROR
A. Errors Must Be Preserved For Review
B. Harmless Error Rule
§ 14.8. ATTORNEYS’ FEES ON APPEAL
A. Jurisdiction
B. Appellate Review Regarding Probate Award Of Appellate Fees
C. Standard Of Review
D. Motion For Attorneys’ Fees In Appellate Court
E. Awards Under F.S. 57.105 Or Inequitable Conduct Doctrine
F. Retention Of Jurisdiction To Tax Costs
§ 14.9. PERFECTING APPEAL OF FINAL ORDER: AN OVERVIEW
A. In General
B. Commencement
C. Parties
1. In General
2. Administrator Ad Litem
3. Personal Representative
4. Lawyers, Representatives, And Guardians Ad Litem
5. Trustee
6. Death Of Party
D. Supersedeas (Stay Pending Review)
1. In General
2. Stay Not Required For Appeal
3. Motion In Trial Court
4. Conditions Of Stay
5. Automatic Stay Of Money Judgment Upon Posting Bond
6. Review Of Stay Order
E. Directions To Clerk In Appeals Of Final Orders (The Record)
F. Designation To Court Reporter
G. Correction Of Errors And Omissions In Record
H. Briefs
I. Request For Oral Argument
CITATION INDEX
FLORIDA Florida Code of Professional Responsibility
Florida Constitution
Florida Family Law Rules of Procedure
Florida Probate Rules
Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure
Florida Rules of Civil Procedure
Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure
Florida Rules of General Practice and Judicial Administration
Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure
Florida Statutes
Rules Regulating the Florida Bar
FEDERAL STATUTES, RULES, AND REGULATIONS United States Constitution
United States Code
Code of Federal Regulations
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
CASE INDEX
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SUBJECT INDEX
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