دانلود کتاب Management of Value

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Management of Value\n Contents\n List of figures\n List of tables\n Foreword\n Acknowledgements\n 1 Introduction\n Figure 1.1 Structure of Chapter 1\n 1.1 Purpose of this guide\n 1.2 What is value?\n Figure 1.2 The value ratio. In the equation, theterm ‘needs’ includes what is necessaryand desired by the user\n 1.3 What is management of value?\n 1.3.1 How does it do this?\n 1.4 Why is MoV important?\n 1.4.1 Maximizing return on investment\n 1.4.2 Customer satisfaction\n 1.4.3 Risk management\n 1.4.4 Maximizing people’s contribution\n 1.5 Where and when should MoV be used?\n Figure 1.3 Timing\n 1.6 MoV in relation to other Best Management Practice guidance\n Figure 1.4 MoV’s relationship with other Best Management Practice guides\n 1.6.1 Management of Portfolios\n 1.6.2 Managing Successful Programmes\n Figure 1.5 Comparison of PRINCE2, MoV and MSP principles\n 1.6.3 Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2\n 1.6.4 ITIL® Service Management Practices\n 1.6.5 Management of Risk\n Figure 1.6 The structure of this guide\n 1.6.6 Portfolio, Programme and Project Offices\n 1.6.7 Relationship with PRINCE2 and MSP\n 1.7 The structure of this guide\n 1.7.1 Principles (Chapter 2)\n 1.7.2 Processes (Chapter 3)\n 1.7.3 Techniques (Chapter 4)\n 1.7.4 Approach to implementation (Chapter 5)\n 1.7.5 Environment: responding to external and internal influences (Chapter 6)\n 1.7.6 Embedding MoV into an organization (Chapter 7)\n 1.7.7 Appendices\n 2 Principles\n Figure 2.1 Structure of Chapter 2\n 2.1 Align with organizational objectives\n 2.2 Focus on functions and required outcomes\n 2.2.1 Functions\n 2.2.2 Value drivers\n 2.2.3 Function diagrams\n 2.2.4 Value profile\n Figure 2.2 The principles of function diagrams\n 2.3 Balance the variables to maximize alue\n 2.3.1 Engagement of stakeholders\n 2.3.2 Reducing subjectivity\n Figure 2.3 Programme or project stakeholders\n 2.3.3 Balancing the use of resources\n 2.3.4 Balancing benefits realized against use of resources\n 2.4 Apply MoV through out the investment decision\n 2.5 Tailor MoV activity to suit the subject\n 2.6 Learn from experience and improve\n 2.6.1 Individual improvement\n 2.6.2 Process improvement\n 2.6.3 Organizational maturity improvement\n 2.7 Assign clear roles and responsibilities and build a supportive culture\n 3 Processes\n Figure 3.1 Structure of Chapter 3\n 3.1 Frame the programmeor project\n 3.1.1 Initial briefing meeting\n 3.1.2 Informing the business case\n 3.1.3 Stakeholder analysis\n 3.1.4 Use of a value profile to inform programme and project objectives\n 3.1.5 Developing the MoV project plan\n 3.1.6 Responding to changes in the business case\n 3.1.7 Specialist applications\n 3.2 Gather information\n 3.2.1 Briefing meeting\n 3.2.2 Team selection\n 3.2.3 Consulting with stakeholders\n 3.2.4 Research and precedent\n 3.2.5 Scoping\n 3.3 Analyse information\n 3.3.1 Function analysis\n 3.3.2 Resource analysis\n Figure 3.2 Example of a cost distribution histogram\n Figure 3.3 Example of an end-to-end project schedule\n 3.3.3 Function cost analysis\n 3.3.4 Benchmark analysis\n 3.4 Process information\n 3.4.1 Preparation\n 3.4.2 Facilitation\n 3.4.3 Creativity and innovation\n 3.5 Evaluate and select\n 3.5.1 Idea selection\n 3.5.2 Option selection\n 3.5.3 Cost benefit analysis\n 3.6 Develop value-improving proposals\n 3.6.1 Proposal development formats\n 3.6.2 Peer review\n 3.6.3 Balancing the benefits and use of resources\n Figure 3.4 Balancing the variables to maximize value\n 3.6.4 Value metrics\n 3.6.5 Cost estimation\n 3.6.6 Assessing time impact\n 3.6.7 Assessing performance impact\n 3.6.8 Scenario building\n 3.6.9 Specialist applications\n 3.7 Implement and share outputs\n 3.7.1 Developing the proposal implementation plan\n 3.7.2 Incentivizing delivery of value\n 3.7.3 Monitoring progress\n 3.7.4 Reporting\n 4 Techniques\n Figure 4.1 Structure of Chapter 4\n 4.1 Function analysis\n 4.1.1 Function Analysis Systems Technique (FAST)\n Figure 4.2 A customer FAST diagram\n Figure 4.3 ‘When?’, ‘And’ ‘Or’ FAST diagram connections\n Figure 4.4 Function diagram for a government ministry contract (see example in text)\n 4.1.2 Value trees and useful derivatives\n Figure 4.5 Value tree for a new hospital (simplified)\n Figure 4.6 Value profile (for the same hospital as Figure 4.5)\n Table 4.1 Value index (for the same hospital as in Figure 4.5)\n Table 4.2 The value for money ratio (for the same hospital as in Figure 4.5)\n 4.2 Function cost analysis\n 4.2.1 Cost/worth\n 4.3 Value engineering/analysis\n Figure 4.7 The value engineering job plan\n 4.3.1 Information phase\n 4.3.2 Analysis phase\n 4.3.3 Creative (or speculation) phase\n 4.3.4 Evaluation phase\n 4.3.5 Development phase\n 4.3.6 Presentation phase\n Figure 4.8 Typical process step\n 4.3.7 Implementation phase\n 4.3.8 Follow-up phase\n 4.4 Techniques commonly used in MoV\n 4.4.1 Information analysis\n Figure 4.9 Root cause analysis\n 4.4.2 Idea generation\n 4.4.3 Evaluation and option selection\n Table 4.3 An example of an option evaluation matrix\n Figure 4.10 Idea selection matrix\n 4.4.4 Weighting techniques\n Figure 4.11 Paired comparison matrix\n 4.4.5 Developing value-improving proposals\n 4.4.6 Implementing VIPs and follow-up\n 5 Approach to implementation\n Figure 5.1 Structure of Chapter 5\n 5.1 Plan the MoV activities\n 5.1.1 The MoV project plan\n Figure 5.2 Generic MoV project plan\n Figure 5.3 Integrated programme and project plans\n 5.1.2 Programme or project organization\n 5.1.3 Integrated MoV study team\n Figure 5.4 Relationship between the MoV practitioners and the project team\n 5.1.4 Planning for use throughout the project\n Table 5.1 MoV at key project stages\n Figure 5.5 MoV applied at portfolio level\n 5.2 Understand and articulate value\n 5.2.1 Align with organizational objectives\n Figure 5.6 Value cascade\n 5.2.2 Articulate value\n 5.3 Prioritize value\n 5.4 Improve value\n 5.4.1 Redistributing resources to maximize value\n 5.4.2 Trading off\n 5.5 Quantify value\n 5.5.1 Value index\n 5.5.2 Value for money ratio\n 5.6 Monitor improvements in value\n 5.7 Learn lessons\n 6 Environment: responding to external and internal influences\n Figure 6.1 Structure of Chapter 6\n 6.1 External factors\n 6.1.1 Political and legal influences\n 6.1.2 Environmental influences\n Figure 6.2 Interrelationship between internal and external environments\n 6.1.3 Technological influences\n 6.1.4 Interaction with other projects\n 6.2 Internal factors\n 6.2.1 Portfolio and policy considerations\n 6.2.2 Alignment with organizational culture\n 6.2.3 Interaction with other projects\n 6.2.4 Integration with other processes\n 6.2.5 Resource and skill availability\n 6.3 Portfolio considerations\n 6.4 Programme considerations\n 6.4.1 Relation to other programmes\n 6.4.2 MoV programme plan\n 6.5 Project considerati ons\n Figure 6.3 MoV applied at programme level\n Figure 6.4 MoV applied at project level\n 6.5.1 Internal influences\n 6.5.2 External impacts\n 6.6 Operational considerations\n 6.6.1 Internal influences\n 6.6.2 External impacts\n 7 Embedding MoV into an organization\n Figure 7.1 Structure of Chapter 7\n 7.1 Introducing an MoV policy\n 7.1.1 Composition\n Figure 7.2 How to introduce and embed MoV\n 7.1.2 Multiple policies\n 7.2 Roles and responsibilities\n Figure 7.3 A suggested MoV management structure\n Table 7.1 Key roles\n 7.3 Setting up a plan for implementing the policy\n 7.4 Introducing training\n 7.5 Study leader’s handbook\n 7.6 Data capture and feedback\n 7.6.1 MoV study records\n 7.6.2 Effective value-improving measures\n 7.6.3 Trends\n 7.6.4 Case studies\n 7.6.5 Audit trail\n 7.6.6 Feedback for improving performance\n 7.7 Monitoring and measuring the benefits\n Figure 7.4 Feedback for improving performance\n 7.8 Overcoming barriers to embedding MoV\n 7.8.1 We do it anyway\n 7.8.2 It takes too much time\n 7.8.3 We can’t afford to make changes\n 7.8.4 What’s in it for me?\n 7.8.5 Don’t fix it if it ain’t broke\n 7.8.6 Fixed returns on capital investment\n 7.9 Avoiding failure\n Table 7.2 Eight common causes of project failure\n Appendix A: Document checklists\n A.1 Briefing meeting agenda\n A.2 Communications checklist\n A.3 Equipment list for an effective study/workshop\n A.4 Invitation to join the study team\n A.4.1 Pro forma invitation\n A.5 Option evaluati on matrix\n A.6 Plan the study\n Table A.1 An example of an option evaluation matrix\n A.7 Recording idea selection\n A.8 Reporting study outputs\n A.9 Scoping the study\n A.10 Study or work shop handbook\n A.11 Value-improving proposal forms\n A.12 Value improvement tracking report\n Table A.2 Example of a value improvement tracking report\n Appendix B: Toolbox\n Appendix C: Health check\n C.1 Purpose\n C.2 Process\n C.2.1 Preparation\n C.2.2 Data collection\n C.2.3 Data analysis\n C.2.4 Report and review\n C.2.5 Implementation\n C.3 Framework\n C.3.1 Align with organizational objectives\n Figure C.1 MoV maturity histogram\n C.3.2 Focus on function and required outcomes\n C.3.3 Balance the variables to maximize value\n C.3.4 Apply throughout the programme or project\n C.3.5 Tailor to suit the programme or project\n C.3.6 Learn from experience and improve\n C.3.7 Assign clear roles and responsibilities and build culture\n Appendix D: Maturity and competence\n D.1 Introduction\n D.2 Process improvement\n D.3 Definition\n D.4 Purpose\n D.5 Structure\n D.6 Use and deployment\n D.6.1 Progressing between maturity levels\n Figure D.1 P3M3 maturity structure\n Table D.1 Outline MoV maturity model\n D.6.2 Maintaining the highest levelof maturity\n D.6.3 Principal benefits\n D.6.4 Reasons for use\n D.7 Individual competence models\n D.7.1 Progression between levels\n Glossary\n Index