دانلود کتاب Minerals and Waste

فهرست مطالب :

Preface
Contents
Minerals and Wastes, an Overlooked Connection
1 Introduction
2 A Geochemical Perspective: Continental Crust as a Benchmark
3 Elements and Mineral Phases
4 The Fate of Major and Minor Elements
5 A Mineralogical Perspective: What is Mineral?
6 A Mineralogical Perspective: Which Minerals?
7 Mineral Textures
8 Conclusions
References
What is Waste, and How We Manage in Europe
1 Introduction
2 Reuse, Recycling
3 Energy Recovery and Landfill Disposal
4 A Reuse and Recycling Example: Recovery of Automotive Shredder Residues
References
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of HT-Processes
1 Introduction
2 Thermodynamic Fundamental Definitions
2.1 Equilibrium
2.2 Non-Equilibrium
2.3 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
2.4 Approximation of Real Processes
3 Irreversible Transformations
3.1 Thermodynamics of Irreversible Transformations
4 Open Systems
4.1 Open Versus Closed Systems
4.2 Representation of an Open System
4.3 Information Theory and Equilibrium
4.4 Open/Closed Systems and Gibbs Rule
5 Kinetics
5.1 Solid-State Reaction Kinetics and Its Phenomenological Description
5.2 Reaction Models: The Case of the Avrami–Erofeyev Equation
5.3 Activation Energy Determination
5.4 HT Transformations in Complex Systems: Municipal Solid Waste Incineration and Ferrous Slag
6 Applications
7 Conclusions
Appendix
References
Bio-mineral Interactions and the Environment
1 Biominerals: A Continuously Growing Family
2 Mineral Surfaces and Biological Interfaces
2.1 Biologically Controlled and Induced Biomineralization
2.2 Mineral Surfaces and the Origin of Life
2.3 Biological Interfaces
2.4 Nanocrystals and Mesocrystals in Biominerals
3 Minerals and Life: A Co-evolution History
3.1 Ca Carbonate Biominerals
3.2 Ca Phosphate Biominerals
3.3 Fe Biominerals
4 Geo-Bio Interactions and the Environment
4.1 Biofilm Composition and Structure
4.2 Biofilm-Metal Interaction in Aquatic Environments
4.3 Waters, Metals and Bacterial Mineralization
4.4 Soils, Metals and Plant Activity
4.5 Critical Zone
5 Biomineral Processes and Sustainability
5.1 Biometallurgy and Circular Economy
5.2 Secondary Ores and Environmental Resilience
6 Remarks and Conclusion
References
Metals: Waste and Recovery
1 Introduction to Metals and Metallurgical Processes
2 Mine Wastes, Environmental Geochemistry, and Metal Recovery
3 Metallurgical Slags: Mineralogy, Pozzolanic Behavior, Clinker-Free Concrete
References
Mineralogy of Metallurgical Slags
1 Introduction
2 Slags in the Metallurgical Process
3 Prehistorical and Historical Slags
4 Recent Slags
5 Slags: Waste and Secondary Raw Material
6 Slags as Building Materials
7 Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Leachability of Slags
8 Eco-design of Slags
References
Bottom Ash: Production, Characterisation, and Potential for Recycling
1 Introduction
2 Generalities on Non-hazardous IBA
2.1 Definition, Origin and Development of IBA
3 Factors Influencing the Composition of IBA
3.1 Selective Collection of Household Waste
3.2 Choice of Incineration Technology
3.3 Cooling Processes
3.4 Maturation Processes
4 Characterisation of IBA
4.1 Physical Properties
4.2 Chemical Properties
5 Regulatory and Legislative Framework for the Management of IBA
5.1 Legislation on the Management of IBA in the European Union
5.2 Legislation on the Management of IBA in the World
5.3 Closing Remarks
6 IBA Recycling Opportunities
6.1 Benefits from Valorisation
6.2 Reuse in Road Construction
6.3 Application in Ceramics
6.4 Application in Cement Production
6.5 Application in the Manufacture of Mortars and Concretes to Replace Natural Aggregates
7 Improved IBA Treatment Processes
7.1 Dry Separation Processes
7.2 Wet Separation Processes
8 Coal Bottom Ash (Furnace Bottom Ash—FBA)
8.1 Physical and Chemical Characterisation
8.2 Environmental and Health Considerations
8.3 Reuse Pathways
9 Conclusions
References
Spatialising Urban Metabolism: The Supermarket as a Hub for Food Circularity
1 Introduction
2 Urban Metabolism Approaches
3 Feeding Hungry Cities
4 Framing Supermarket Food Flows: Input–Output-Interface
5 Reprogramming the Metabolism of Urban Food Flows: Linear to Circular
6 Conclusion
References
A Brief Glance on Global Waste Management
1 Introduction
2 Waste Management Goals
3 Waste Management Data
4 Waste Management: Grand Trends and Challenges
5 Waste Management: Strategies and Instruments
6 Outlook on Future, Innovative Waste Management Concepts
References
Waste, Environment, and Sanitary Issues: Are They Really at Odds?
1 Introduction
2 Municipal Solid Waste
2.1 Landfilling
2.2 Composting
2.3 Sewage Treatments
3 Hazardous Waste
3.1 E-Waste
3.2 Micro and Nanoplastics
3.3 Engineered Nanomaterials
References