دانلود کتاب Modern Irish: A Comprehensive Grammar

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Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Abbreviations
Background
1. Dialects of Irish
2. Sounds and spellings
2.1 Alphabet and pronunciation
2.2 Consonants
2.3 Vowels
2.4 Deciphering spelling
3. Initial mutations
3.1 Lenition
3.2 Eclipsis
3.3 Summary of changes and contexts for mutations
3.4 Other mutations
4. Terminology
4.1 Grammatical categories
4.2 Grammatical roles
4.3 Other terms
Grammar I: Sentence basics
5. Basic word order
5.1 Pronoun objects
5.2 Subject suffixes
5.3 Subordinate clauses
5.4 Other orders
6. Non-declarative sentences
6.1 Negation of statements
6.2 Yes/no questions
6.3 Initial mutations in negative, interrogative, and complement sentences
6.4 Constituent questions
6.5 Imperatives
7. Being and having
7.1 The copula is
7.2 The verb bí
7.3 Possession and ownership
8. Focus and emphasis with cleft sentences
8.1 Past-tense events
8.2 Extra pronoun
8.3 Optionality of is
8.4 Cleft questions/negatives
8.5 Embedded clefts
8.6 Focus in copula sentences
8.7 Pseudocleft sentences
Grammar II: Building blocks – major constituents
9. Verbs and verb phrases
9.1 Verb morphology
9.2 Additional features of regular conjugations
10. Irregular verbs
10.1 Ith ‘eat’
10.2 Clois/cluin ‘hear’
10.3 Déan ‘do’ and feic ‘see’
10.4 Tabhair ‘give, take’
10.5 Tar ‘come’
10.6 Abair ‘say’ and beir ‘carry, bear, catch’
10.7 Faigh ‘get’ and téigh ‘go’
10.8 Bí ‘be’
10.9 Dialect variants
11. Personal endings
11.1 Inflected forms
11.2 Pronunciation patterns
12. Impersonal forms
12.1 Irregular verbs
12.2 Use and translation
12.3 Idiomatic usage
12.4 Other impersonal structures
12.5 Other passive and passive-like structures
13. Verbal nouns and adjectives
13.1 Verbal noun formation
13.2 Verbal nouns as nouns
13.3 Verbal functions of VNs
13.4 Verbal adjectives
14. The syntax of verbal nouns and adjectives: Expressions of aspect
14.1 Progressive functions
14.2 Infinitive-like functions
14.3 Which structure?
14.4 Aspect in prepositional complements
14.5 Verbal adjectives in perfect clauses
15. Mood
15.1 Inflectional moods
15.2 Modal predicates
16. Nouns and noun phrases
16.1 Properties of nouns
16.2 Noun phrases and case
17. Pronouns
17.1 Personal pronouns
17.2 Demonstrative pronouns
17.3 Interrogative pronouns
17.4 Ceann
17.5 Pronominal inflections
Grammar III: Building the phrase: Modifiers and adjuncts
18. Adjectives
18.1 Predicate adjectives
18.2 Attributive adjectives
18.3 Comparison of adjectives
18.4 Other adjective-like forms
19. Determiners
19.1 Articles
19.2 Demonstratives
19.3 Pronominal possessives
19.4 Quantifiers
20. Numbers
20.1 Counting
20.2 Counting objects
20.3 Ordinal numbers
20.4 Personal numbers
21. Adverbs
21.1 Verbal modifiers: manner adverbs
21.2 Verbal modifiers: time and place adverbs
21.3 Directional adverbs
21.4 Adjective modifiers
21.5 Sentential adverbs
21.6 Comparison
22. Prepositions
22.1 Simple prepositions
22.2 Compound prepositions
Grammar IV: Complex sentences
23. Coordinate, complement, and adjunct clauses
23.1 Coordinate structures
23.2 Complement clauses
23.3 Embedded questions
23.4 Adjunct (adverbial) clauses
23.5 Non-finite adjuncts
24. Relative clauses
24.1 Direct relative clauses
24.2 Indirect relative clauses
24.3 Negative relative clauses
24.4 Relative forms of the copula
24.5 Relative clauses and word order
24.6 Information questions
24.7 Emphasis revisited
24.8 Adjunct relative clauses
24.9 Headless relative clauses
25. Conditionals
25.1 Conditions with
má
25.2 Conditions with dá
25.3 Negative conditions
25.4 Verbal noun conditionals
25.5 Murach
25.6 Emphasis
25.7 Rhetorical uses
Concluding chapters: Extra-sentential material
26. Names
26.1 Men’s surnames
26.2 Women’s surnames
26.3 Local names
26.4 Vocative case with names
26.5 Place names
27. Formulaic phrases and discourse markers
27.1 Greetings
27.2 Other formulaic expressions
27.3 Discourse markers
References
Index