دانلود کتاب Noble savages: my life among two dangerous tribes -- the yanomamo and the anthropologists

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ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC MEMOIRS OF OUR TIME When Napoleon Chagnon arrived in Venezuela's Amazon region in 1964 to study the YanomamO Indians, one of the last large tribal groups still living in isolation, he expected to find Rousseau's "noble savages," so-called primitive people living contentedly in a pristine state of nature. Instead Chagnon discovered a remarkably violent society. Men who killed others had the most wives and offspring, their violence possibly giving them an evolutionary advantage. The prime reasons for violence, Chagnon found, were to avenge deaths and, if possible, abduct women. When Chagnon began publishing his observations, some cultural anthropologists who could not accept an evolutionary basis for human behavior refused to believe them. Chagnon became perhaps the most famous American anthropologist since Margaret Mead'and the most controversial. He was attacked in a scathing popular book, whose central allegation that he helped start a measles epidemic among the YanomamO was quickly disproven, and the American Anthropological Association condemned him, only to rescind its condemnation after a vote by the membership. Throughout his career Chagnon insisted on an evidence-based scientific approach to anthropology, even as his professional association dithered over whether it really is a scientific organization. In Noble Savages, Chagnon describes his seminal fieldwork'during which he lived among the YanomamO, was threatened by tyrannical headmen, and experienced an uncomfortably close encounter with a jaguar'taking readers inside YanomamO villages to glimpse the kind of life our distant ancestors may have lived thousands of years ago. And he forcefully indicts his discipline of cultural anthropology, accusing it of having traded its scientific mission for political activism. This book, like Chagnon's research, raises fundamental questions about human nature itself.;Intro; Dedication; Introduction; Chapter 1: Culture Shock: My First Year in the Field; Chapter 2: Discovering the Significance of the Names; Chapter 3: Raids and Revenge: Why Villages Fission and Move; Chapter 4: Bringing My Family to Yanomamöland and My Early Encounters with the Salesians; Chapter 5: First Contact with New Yanomamö Villages; Chapter 6: Geography Lesson; Chapter 7: From Fieldwork to Science; Chapter 8: Conflicts over Women; Chapter 9: Fighting and Violence; Chapter 10: First Contact with the Iwahikoroba-teri; Chapter 11: Yanomamö Origins and Their Fertile Crescent