دانلود کتاب Norm and Ideology in Spoken French: A Sociolinguistic History of Liaison

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Preface Contents List of Figures List of Tables Part I: Models 1: Ideology and Language Change 1.1 Kroch’s Model of Language Variation 1.2 The ‘Least Effort’ Principle 1.3 The Ideology of the Standard 1.4 Plan of This Book References 2: What Is Liaison? 2.1 Definitions 2.2 Delattre’s Liaison Typology 2.2.1 The Delattre Model: A Retrospective Critique 2.3 Status of the Liaison Consonant 2.4 Linking Consonants in English References Part II: Diachronic Perspectives on a Prescriptive Norm 3: A Brief History of French Final Consonants 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Final Syllable Erosion in the Post-Roman Period 3.3 An Etymological Norm for Writing and Speech 3.4 Summary References 4: An Evolving Norm: Liaison in Prescriptive Grammar 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Origins of Bon Usage: 1529–1647 4.3 A Norm for Liaison: The Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 4.4 Peak Liaison? The Eighteenth Century and After 4.5 Two Twentieth-century Prescriptivists: Martinon and Fouché 4.6 Prescriptive Uncertainty: Nasal Vowels in Liaison 4.7 Conclusions to Part II References Part III: Variation and Change 5: Liaison and Geography 5.1 Invariable Liaison: The noyau dur 5.2 Regional Variation in Francophone Europe 5.3 Liaison in the Francophone World References 6: Liaison and Social Factors 6.1 Sociolinguistics and Orderly Heterogeneity 6.2 Urban Sociolinguistic Surveys 6.3 French Language Corpora 6.3.1 The Phonologie du Français Contemporain (PFC) Project 6.4 Liaison and Class 6.5 Liaison and Gender 6.6 Variation and Change in Apparent Time 6.7 Conclusions References 7: The Four Cities Project 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Intraspeaker Variation: Scripted and Unscripted Styles 7.2.1 Delattre’s Liaison Obligatoire 7.2.2 Delattre’s Liaison Facultative 7.2.3 False Liaison and Repair in RS and IS 7.3 Interspeaker Variation 7.3.1 Liaison and Diatopic Variation 7.3.2 Gender and Liaison in RS and IS 7.3.3 Social Class: A Proxy Measure 7.4 Conclusions References 8: Professionnels de la Parole Publique 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Radio Broadcasting: Ågren’s (1973) Study 8.3 Political Discourse 8.4 Liaison Without Enchaînement 8.5 Newsreaders 8.6 Audiobooks 8.7 Conclusions References Part IV: Conclusions and Implications 9: An Inverted Sociolinguistic Phenomenon? 9.1 Interpreting the Findings 9.2 Liaison and ‘hyper-style’ 9.3 Liaison and Style in the Twenty-First Century 9.4 The Future of Liaison References References Index