دانلود کتاب Operating systems: internals and design principles

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Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 8
Online Chapters and Appendices......Page 14
VideoNotes......Page 16
Preface......Page 18
About the Author......Page 28
Chapter 1 Computer System Overview......Page 30
1.1 Basic Elements......Page 31
1.3 Instruction Execution......Page 33
1.4 Interrupts......Page 36
1.5 The Memory Hierarchy......Page 47
1.6 Cache Memory......Page 50
1.7 Direct Memory Access......Page 54
1.8 Multiprocessor and Multicore Organization......Page 55
1.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 59
1A Performance Characteristics of Two-Level Memories......Page 62
Chapter 2 Operating System Overview......Page 69
2.1 Operating System Objectives and Functions......Page 70
2.2 The Evolution of Operating Systems......Page 74
2.3 Major Achievements......Page 84
2.4 Developments Leading to Modern Operating Systems......Page 93
2.5 Fault Tolerance......Page 96
2.6 OS Design Considerations for Multiprocessor and Multicore......Page 99
2.7 Microsoft Windows Overview......Page 102
2.8 Traditional UNIX Systems......Page 109
2.9 Modern UNIX Systems......Page 111
2.10 Linux......Page 114
2.11 Android......Page 119
2.12 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 128
Chapter 3 Process Description and Control......Page 130
3.1 What is a Process?......Page 132
3.2 Process States......Page 134
3.3 Process Description......Page 149
3.4 Process Control......Page 158
3.5 Execution of the Operating System......Page 164
3.6 UNIX SVR4 Process Management......Page 167
3.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 172
Chapter 4 Threads......Page 177
4.1 Processes and Threads......Page 178
4.2 Types of Threads......Page 184
4.3 Multicore and Multithreading......Page 191
4.4 Windows Process and Thread Management......Page 196
4.5 Solaris Thread and SMP Management......Page 203
4.6 Linux Process and Thread Management......Page 207
4.7 Android Process and Thread Management......Page 212
4.8 Mac OS X Grand Central Dispatch......Page 216
4.9 Summary......Page 218
4.10 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 219
Chapter 5 Concurrency: Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization......Page 224
5.1 Mutual Exclusion: Software Approaches......Page 227
5.2 Principles of Concurrency......Page 233
5.3 Mutual Exclusion: Hardware Support......Page 242
5.4 Semaphores......Page 245
5.5 Monitors......Page 258
5.6 Message Passing......Page 264
5.7 Readers/Writers Problem......Page 271
5.8 Summary......Page 275
5.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 276
Chapter 6 Concurrency: Deadlock and Starvation......Page 290
6.1 Principles of Deadlock......Page 291
6.2 Deadlock Prevention......Page 300
6.3 Deadlock Avoidance......Page 301
6.4 Deadlock Detection......Page 307
6.5 An Integrated Deadlock Strategy......Page 309
6.6 Dining Philosophers Problem......Page 310
6.7 UNIX Concurrency Mechanisms......Page 314
6.8 Linux Kernel Concurrency Mechanisms......Page 316
6.9 Solaris Thread Synchronization Primitives......Page 325
6.10 Windows Concurrency Mechanisms......Page 327
6.11 Android Interprocess Communication......Page 331
6.12 Summary......Page 332
6.13 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 333
Chapter 7 Memory Management......Page 340
7.1 Memory Management Requirements......Page 341
7.2 Memory Partitioning......Page 345
7.3 Paging......Page 356
7.4 Segmentation......Page 359
7.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 361
7A Loading and Linking......Page 364
Chapter 8 Virtual Memory......Page 371
8.1 Hardware and Control Structures......Page 372
8.2 Operating System Software......Page 389
8.3 UNIX and Solaris Memory Management......Page 408
8.4 Linux Memory Management......Page 414
8.5 Windows Memory Management......Page 418
8.6 Android Memory Management......Page 420
8.7 Summary......Page 421
8.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 422
Chapter 9 Uniprocessor Scheduling......Page 426
9.1 Types of Processor Scheduling......Page 427
9.2 Scheduling Algorithms......Page 431
9.3 Traditional UNIX Scheduling......Page 453
9.4 Summary......Page 455
9.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 456
Chapter 10 Multiprocessor, Multicore, and Real-Time Scheduling......Page 461
10.1 Multiprocessor and Multicore Scheduling......Page 462
10.2 Real-Time Scheduling......Page 475
10.3 Linux Scheduling......Page 490
10.4 UNIX SVR4 Scheduling......Page 493
10.5 UNIX FreeBSD Scheduling......Page 495
10.6 Windows Scheduling......Page 499
10.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 501
Chapter 11 I/O Management and Disk Scheduling......Page 506
11.1 I/O Devices......Page 507
11.2 Organization of the I/O Function......Page 509
11.3 Operating System Design Issues......Page 512
11.4 I/O Buffering......Page 515
11.5 Disk Scheduling......Page 518
11.6 RAID......Page 525
11.7 Disk Cache......Page 534
11.8 UNIX SVR4 I/O......Page 538
11.9 Linux I/O......Page 541
11.10 Windows I/O......Page 545
11.11 Summary......Page 547
11.12 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 548
Chapter 12 File Management......Page 551
12.1 Overview......Page 552
12.2 File Organization and Access......Page 558
12.3 B-Trees......Page 562
12.4 File Directories......Page 565
12.5 File Sharing......Page 570
12.6 Record Blocking......Page 571
12.7 Secondary Storage Management......Page 573
12.8 UNIX File Management......Page 581
12.9 Linux Virtual File System......Page 586
12.10 Windows File System......Page 590
12.11 Android File Management......Page 595
12.12 Summary......Page 596
12.13 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 597
Chapter 13 Embedded Operating Systems......Page 600
13.1 Embedded Systems......Page 601
13.2 Characteristics of Embedded Operating Systems......Page 606
13.3 Embedded Linux......Page 610
13.4 TinyOS......Page 616
13.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 626
Chapter 14 Virtual Machines......Page 628
14.1 Virtual Machine Concepts......Page 629
14.2 Hypervisors......Page 632
14.3 Container Virtualization......Page 636
14.4 Processor Issues......Page 643
14.5 Memory Management......Page 645
14.6 I/O Management......Page 646
14.7 VMware ESXi......Page 648
14.8 Microsoft Hyper-V and Xen Variants......Page 651
14.9 Java VM......Page 652
14.10 Linux Vserver Virtual Machine Architecture......Page 653
14.12 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 656
Chapter 15 Operating System Security......Page 658
15.1 Intruders and Malicious Software......Page 659
15.2 Buffer Overflow......Page 663
15.3 Access Control......Page 671
15.4 UNIX Access Control......Page 679
15.5 Operating Systems Hardening......Page 682
15.6 Security Maintenance......Page 686
15.7 Windows Security......Page 687
15.8 Summary......Page 692
15.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 693
Chapter 16 Cloud and IoT Operating Systems......Page 696
16.1 Cloud Computing......Page 697
16.2 Cloud Operating Systems......Page 705
16.3 The Internet of Things......Page 721
16.4 IoT Operating Systems......Page 725
16.5 Key Terms and Review Questions......Page 732
Appendix A Topics in Concurrency......Page 734
A.1 Race Conditions and Semaphores......Page 735
A.2 A Barbershop Problem......Page 742
A.3 Problems......Page 747
Appendix B Programming and Operating System Projects......Page 748
B.1 Semaphore Projects......Page 749
B.3 OS/161......Page 750
B.5 Programming Projects......Page 751
B.6 Research Projects......Page 753
B.10 BACI......Page 754
References......Page 756
Credits......Page 766
Index......Page 768
Chapter 17 Network Protocols......Page 800
17.1 The Need for a Protocol Architecture......Page 802
17.2 The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture......Page 804
17.3 Sockets......Page 811
17.4 Linux Networking......Page 815
17.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 817
17A The Trivial File Transfer Protocol......Page 820
Chapter 18 Distributed Processing, Client/Server, and Clusters......Page 825
18.1 Client/Server Computing......Page 826
18.2 Distributed Message Passing......Page 836
18.3 Remote Procedure Calls......Page 840
18.4 Clusters......Page 843
18.5 Windows Cluster Server......Page 849
18.6 Beowulf and Linux Clusters......Page 851
18.8 References......Page 853
18.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 854
Chapter 19 Distributed Process Management......Page 856
19.1 Process Migration......Page 857
19.2 Distributed Global States......Page 864
19.3 Distributed Mutual Exclusion......Page 869
19.4 Distributed Deadlock......Page 878
19.6 References......Page 890
19.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems......Page 892
Chapter 20 Overview of Probability and Stochastic Processes......Page 894
20.1 Probability......Page 895
20.2 Random Variables......Page 900
20.3 Elementary Concepts of Stochastic Processes......Page 905
20.4 Problems......Page 913
Chapter 21 Queueing Analysis......Page 916
21.1 How Queues Behave—A Simple Example......Page 918
21.2 Why Queueing Analysis?......Page 923
21.3 Queueing Models......Page 925
21.4 Single-Server Queues......Page 932
21.6 Examples......Page 935
21.7 Queues With Priorities......Page 941
21.8 Networks of Queues......Page 942
21.9 Other Queueing Models......Page 946
21.10 Estimating Model Parameters......Page 947
21.12 Problems......Page 950
Programming Project One Developing a Shell......Page 953
Programming Project Two The HOST Dispatcher Shell......Page 957
Appendix C Topics in Concurrency......Page 964
Appendix D Object-Oriented Design......Page 974
Appendix E Amdahl’s Law......Page 986
Appendix F Hash Tables......Page 989
Appendix G Response Time......Page 993
Appendix H Queueing System Concepts......Page 998
Appendix I The Complexity of Algorithms......Page 1005
Appendix J Disk Storage Devices......Page 1009
Appendix K Cryptographic Algorithms......Page 1020
Appendix L Standards Organizations......Page 1032
Appendix M Sockets: A Programmer’s Introduction......Page 1043
Appendix N The International Reference Alphabet......Page 1079
Appendix O BACI: The Ben-Ari Concurrent Programming System......Page 1083
Appendix P Procedure Control......Page 1096
Appendix Q ECOS......Page 1101
Glossary......Page 1118