دانلود کتاب Options for Operationalising Transparency in Commodity Trading Transactions

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Foreword Acknowledgments Executive Summary 1 The development of a global standard on payment disclosure by buying companies EITI Reporting Guidelines for companies buying oil, gas and minerals from governments: A basis for a globally scalable standard? Precedents for requiring the disclosure of payments to governments: Exploration and production activities extractive sector Canada European Union: Accounting and Transparency Directives Norway Switzerland United States: Dodd-Frank Act Lessons learned from the disclosure of payments to governments from the upstream exploration and production sector 2 Adoption of regulations by home governments requiring payment disclosure by buying companies 3 Self-regulatory approaches: The role of free zones, commodity exchanges and industry associations Implementation challenges associated with self-regulatory approaches The role of industry associations in promoting compliance with international standards Commodities exchanges: A precedent for operationalising corporate disclosures of payments to governments for the purchase of publicly-owned commodities 4 Setting out expectations on payment disclosure by buying companies: Options for host governments and SOEs Adoption of disclosure policy by host governments and their SOEs Inclusion of disclosure obligations in commodity sales contracts 5 Making payment disclosure by buying companies work in practice Usability of the data generated from corporate payment disclosures Format of the disclosures Implementation guidelines to ensure consistent interpretation of disclosure requirements Constraints for host governments and SOEs Implications for buying companies Use of technology to facilitate disclosures Notes References Annex A. OECD initiatives on corruption in commodity trading Thematic Dialogue on Commodity Trading Transparency Illicit Financial Flows in Oil and Gas Commodity Trading