دانلود کتاب Organ Repair and Regeneration: Preserving Organs in the Regenerative Medicine Era

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Front-Matter_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
Organ Repair and RegenerationPreserving Organs in the Regenerative Medicine EraEdited byGiuseppe Orlando, MD, PHDMarie Curi ...
Copyright_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
Copyright
Contributors_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
Contributors
Foreword_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
Foreword
Preface_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
Preface
Chapter-1---Ischemia-reperfusion-injury_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
1. Ischemia-reperfusion injury
Concepts and molecular mechanisms of ischemia reperfusion injury
Fundamental concept of ischemia-reperfusion injury
Causes of ischemia-reperfusion injury
Reactive oxygen species in ischemia-reperfusion injury
Cell death pathways in ischemia-reperfusion injury
Necrosis and necroptosis
Pyroptosis
Apoptosis and autophagy
Danger signals: the link between cell death to inflammation
Danger-associated molecular patterns
Pattern recognition receptors
DAMP and PRR interaction—cell signaling
DAMP and PRR interaction—inflammasome formation
Cellular inflammation in ischemia-reperfusion injury
Innate immune response
Adaptive immune response
Ischemia-reperfusion injury in acute kidney injury and transplantation
Acute kidney injury and delayed graft function—definitions and implications
Delayed graft function—an important subset of acute kidney injury in transplantation
Clinical studies investigating ischemia-reperfusion injury in DGF and AKI
Preclinical research in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Renal IRI model—animal selection
Renal IRI model—surgical considerations
Renal IRI model—quantification and analysis
Limitations of the histological scoring system—human and animal studies
Additional application—pancreatic and islet IRI
Future directions
References
Chapter-2---Machine-perfusion-for-donor-organ-repair--_2021_Organ-Repair-and
2. Machine perfusion for donor organ repair: from vision to everyday clinical practice
Strategies for donor pool expansion
Machine perfusion and liver anatomy
Machine perfusion
Liver anatomy and histology for machine perfusion
Extrahepatic vessels
Liver parenchyma
Biliary system
Mechanisms of preservation injury and graft protection
Ischemia/reperfusion injury
Bile duct injury
Sinusoidal endothelial injury
Graft viability assessment
Vascular resistance
Damage markers
Energy metabolism
Bile examination
Clinical practices of ex situ machine perfusion
Episode zero
HMP
HOPE and DHOPE
NMP
Viability assessment
Combined HOPE and NMP
References
Chapter-3---Assessing-and-reconditioning-kidneys-usin_2021_Organ-Repair-and-
3. Assessing and reconditioning kidneys using normothermic machine perfusion
Introduction
Development of NMP for renal grafts
Perfusion solutions
Acellular perfusates
Blood-based perfusates
Clinical normothermic machine perfusion
Quality assessment and conditioning
Repair mechanisms and potential for reconditioning
Ischemia reperfusion injury
Reversal of ischemia reperfusion injury
Future developments
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter-4---Autologous-cells-for-renal-allogra_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regener
4. Autologous cells for renal allograft repair
Introduction
Cell therapy in solid organ transplantation
The rationale and potential advantages for the use of autologous cells for transplant organ regenerative therapy
Candidate cell types for regenerative peri-transplant therapy
Sources of autologous regenerative cells
Cellular makeup, properties, and mechanisms of action of adipose-derived regenerative cells
Review of literature on the effect of systemic/organ dysfunction on fat SVR cellular composition and efficacy
Bedside production of ADRCs
Efficacy of ADRC\'s in preventing IRI/promoting tissue regeneration in kidney and other organ systems
Adipose-derived regenerative cell model of renal regenerative therapy
Mechanism of ADRC action in promoting renal allograft repair
Synergistic repair with novel ex vivo perfusion technologies
References
Chapter-5---Repairing-organs-with-MSC_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
5. Repairing organs with MSC
Stem cell–mediated regeneration of damaged renal allografts: the hope and the reality
Inherent regenerative potential and limitations
The role of the immune system in regeneration
Association of delayed graft function with chronic rejection
Stem cells
Source of stem cells
The role of prolonged ex vivo perfusion platforms for tissue engineering
Evidence supporting the potential to regenerate renal allografts
HREC
Potential of MSC-mediated renal regeneration
Optimal source of MSC
MSC-derived products
MSC clinical trials
Renal regeneration during ex vivo warm perfusion
References
Chapter-6---Resuscitation-of-the-pancreas--whole-organ-_2021_Organ-Repair-an
6. Resuscitation of the pancreas: whole organ and islet cell technologies into the machine era
Abbreviations
Pancreas and islet cell transplantation—the need, current indications, and organ acceptance criteria
Current methods of static preservation of the pancreas
Organ procurement phase
Perfusion fluid(s) and the postprocurement phase
Ischemia-reperfusion injury in pancreas and islet cell transplantation
Defining the “marginal” pancreas
Utilization and outcomes of pancreas and islet cell transplantation from marginal or expanded criteria donors
Resuscitation and regeneration of the whole pancreas before transplantation
Drug-targeting of pancreatic IRI in whole organ transplantation
Clinically tested drugs or agents in whole pancreas
Experimentally tested drugs or agents in whole pancreas
Machine perfusion in whole pancreas
Hypothermic machine perfusion in whole pancreas
Normothermic machine perfusion in whole pancreas
Persufflation in whole pancreas
Normothermic regional perfusion in the whole pancreas
Resuscitation and regeneration of the pancreas before islet cell transplantation
Drug-targeting in pancreas for islet transplantation
Hypothermic machine perfusion in islet transplantation
Persufflation of pancreas for islets
Concluding remarks
References
Chapter-7---Assessment-of-extended-criteria-liver-graft_2021_Organ-Repair-an
7. Assessment of extended criteria liver grafts during machine perfusion. How far can we go?
Background
Liver function
Animal models
Clinical studies
Hypothermic machine perfusion
Controlled oxygenated rewarming
Normothermic ex situ liver perfusion
Regional perfusion
Future considerations
References
Chapter-8---RNA-interference-in-organ-transplantatio_2021_Organ-Repair-and-R
8. RNA interference in organ transplantation: next-generation medicine?
Abbreviations
Introduction
Gene silencing with RNA interference
Delivering strategies
RNAi in organ transplantation
Liver
RNAi in liver machine perfusion
Kidney
RNAi in kidney machine perfusion
Lungs
RNAi in lung machine perfusion
Heart
RNAi in heart machine perfusion
Conclusions
References
Chapter-9---Repairing-cardiac-allografts-on-ex-sit_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Reg
9. Repairing cardiac allografts on ex situ perfusion devices
Introduction
Current state of heart transplantation
MP and heart transplantation
Standard criteria brain-dead donors
Marginal criteria brain-dead donors
Donation after circulatory death donors
Future directions
Conclusions
References
Chapter-10---Repairing-cardiac-allografts-in_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regenerat
10. Repairing cardiac allografts in situ
What is organ repair?
How does the donor heart gets damaged?
Why fuss about donor heart repair?
Utilization of organs and the emerging resource of DCD hearts
Donation after circulatory determined death
In situ reanimation of cardiac allografts
How do we assess function in DCD hearts?
So, is it worth the effort? Outcomes of DCD heart transplants
How to improve? The importance of time
So where next? Future directions
References
Chapter-11---Steatotic-livers-for-transplantation--improv_2021_Organ-Repair-
11. Steatotic livers for transplantation: improving utilization of a prevalent resource through organ repair
Introduction
Limitations of steatotic grafts for liver transplantation
Historic uses of steatotic livers for transplant
Outcomes with mild macrosteatosis or microsteatosis
Outcomes with moderate macrosteatosis
Outcomes with severe macrosteatosis
Current trends in transplantation of steatotic livers
Current use of machine perfusion for steatotic livers
Normothermic perfusion
Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion
Conclusions and limitations from current studies
Future therapies for repairing steatotic livers
Ischemia-free transplant
Liver defatting
Liver decellularization
Conclusion
References
Chapter-12---Implementing-the-vision--the-organ-_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regen
12. Implementing the vision: the organ repair center
Disclosure
References
Chapter-13---Mitochondria-transplantation-in-organ_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Reg
13. Mitochondria transplantation in organ damage and repair
Introduction
Role of mitochondria in organ damage
Ischemia/reperfusion injury
Effect of mitochondria as immune-system activators
Proinflammatory effect of mitochondrial DNA
mtDNA as biomarker
Mitochondrial transfer in organ repair
Physiological mitochondrial transfer
Artificial mitochondrial transfer for organ repair
Technical considerations
Conclusion
References
Chapter-14---How-the-transplant-landscape-is-changing_2021_Organ-Repair-and-
14. How the transplant landscape is changing in the regenerative medicine era
Abbreviations
A historical perspective
Organ transplantation: a halfway technology
Pursuit of immunosuppression-free transplantation
RM applications in current organ transplantation
Developing regenerative medicine technologies
Decellularization
Three-dimensional printing
Stem cell technologies
What the immediate future holds
References
Index_2021_Organ-Repair-and-Regeneration
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