دانلود کتاب Physics of Nuclei and Particles

فهرست مطالب :

Title Page
Foreword
Contents
SUMMARY OF CONTENTS - Volumes II and III
1. Historical Development of Nuclear Physics, The Size and Constitution of the Atomic Nucleus
1.1. The Present Status of Nuclear Physics
1.2. Brief History of the Development of Atomic, Nuclear, and Particle Physic
1.3. The Domain of Nuclear Physics
1.4. The Size of the Nucleus and Nuclear Constitution
Exercises
2. Nuclear Radii and the Liquid Drop Model of the Nucleus
2.1. Energy Considerations
2.2. The Radius of Nuclei and the Liquid Drop Model
2.3. The Liquid Drop Model and the Semiempirical Mass Formula
2.4. Applications of the Mass Formula to Considerations of Stability
Exercises
3. Interactions and Nuclear Cross Sections
3.1. Nuclear Force Characteristics
3.2. Classification of Interactions
3.3. Response of Particles to Strong, Electromagnetic, and Weak Interactions
3.4. Transition Probability
3.5. Reaction Probability and Cross Section
3.6. Transition Probability and Cross Section
Exercises
4. Passage of Ionizing Radiation through Matter
4.1. Survey of Electromagnetic Interaction Processes
4.2. Thomson and Compton Scattering of Gamma Radiation
4.3. Rayleigh Scattering
4.4. Photoelectric Effect
4.5. Auger Effect
4.6. Pair Production
4.7. Nuclear Scattering of Gamma Rays
4.8. Total Attenuation Coefficient for Electromagnetic Radiation Passing through Matter
4.9. Interaction of Charged Particles with Matter
4.10. Energy Loss of Heavy Ions
Exercises
5. Nuclei and Particles as Quantum-Mechanical Systerns
5.1. The Need to Treat Nuclei and Particles Quantum-Mechanically
5.2. Quantization of Angular Momentum
5.3. Quantum Numbers of Individual Particles
5.4. Quantum Properties of Nuclear States
5.5. Symmetries, Invariances, and Conservation Laws
Exercises
6. Radioactivity
6.1. Mean Lifetime toward Radioactive Decay
6.2. Branching Ratios (Partial Widths)
6.3. Radioactive Decay: Daughter Activity
6.4. Decay Schemes of Widely Used Radioactive Sources
6.5. Parent-Daughter Relationships in Radioactive Dating
6.6. Nuclear Stability Limits according to the Liquid Drop Model
Exercises
7. Alpha Decay
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Semiempirical Mass Formula Applied to alpha-Decay
7.3. Relation between alpha-Energy and Decay Half-Life
7.4 Penetration of Potential Barriers
7.5. Short- and Long-Range alpha-Radiation
7.6. Application of the Gamow Formula to alpha Decay
Exercises
8. Beta Decay
8.1. Introduction
8.2. The Neutrino
8.3. Beta-Decay Theory
8.4. Classification of Beta Transitions
8.5. Electron Capture
8.6. Forms of Beta Interaction
8.7. Parity Nonconservation in Beta Decay
8.8. Beta Decay Coupling Strengths and Interaction Characteristics
Exercises
9. Radiative Transitions in Nuclei
9.1. Multipole Character of Gamma Radiation
9.2. Multipole Transition Probability
9.3. Nuclear Level Scheme Compilation
9.4. Angular Distributions and Correlations
9.5. Recoil-Free Gamma Spectroscopy
Exercises
10. Internal Conversion
10.1. Conversion Coefficients
10.2. Selection Rules
10.3. Conversion Distributions and Correlations (Particle Parameters)
Exercises
11. Fundamental Characteristics of Nuclear Reactions
11.1. Reaction Energetics
11.2. General Features of Reaction Cross Sections
11.3. Detailed Balance Predictions for Inverse Reaction Cross Sections
11.4. Resonance Reactions
11.5. Formal Reaction Theory
Exercises
APPENDIX A. Kinematics of Relativistic Particles
A.1. Lorentz Transformation
A.2. Relativistic Mass, Momentum, and Energy
A.3. \"Relativistic\" Particles
A.4. Lifetimes of Relativistic Particles
A.5. Speeds of Relativistic Charged Particles
Exercises
APPENDIX B.Transform.ation Relations between the Laboratory and Center-of-Mass Systerns for Elastic Collisions
B.1. Characteristics of the Center-of-Mass System
B.2. Nonrelativistic Elastic Collision of a Moving Particle with a Stationary Target
B.3. Relativistic Elastic Collision of a Fast-Moving Particle with a Stationary Target
Exercises
APPENDIX C. The Dynamics of Decay and Reaction Processes
C.1. Decay and Reaction Kinematics
C.2. Energetics and Kinematics for Two-Particle Decay
C.3. Scattering Kinematics
C.4. Nonrelativistic Reaction Kinematic Formulae
Exercises
APPENDIX D. Wave Mechanics
D.1. Schrödinger Equations
D.2. Probability Density and Electron Probability Distribution
D.3. Heisenberg Uncertainty Relations
D.4. Klein-Gordon Equation for Spin-0 Particles
D.5. Dirac Equation for Spin-1/2-Relativistic Particles
D.6. Dirac Electron-Positron Theory
D.7. Weyl Equation for Massless Particles (Two-Component Neutrino Theory)
D.8. Wave Equations for Bosons
Exercises
APPENDIX E. Angular Momentum in Quantum Mechanics (Racah Algebra)
E.1. Angular Momentum Operators
E.2. Composition of Angular Momentum Wave Functions (Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients)
E.3. Properties of Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients and Wigner 3-jSymbols
E.4. Values of Simple 3-j Symbols
E.5. Examples of Wave-Function Coupling
E.6. Recoupling of Angular Momenta (Racah Coefficients and Wigner 6-j Symbols)
E.7. Coupling of Four Angular Momenta (Wigner 9-j Symbols)
E.8. Racah Functions in Angular Distribution and Correlation Theory
Exercises
APPENDIX F. Feynman Interaction Theory
F.1. The Underlying Motivation behind a Field-Interaction Approach
F.2. Interaction Matrix Elements
F.3. Feynman Graphs
APPENDIX G. Some Measurement Techniques in Nuclear Physics
G.1. Introduction
G.2. Beta Spectrometry
G.3. Scintillation Counters
G.4. Semiconductor Detectors
G.5. Energy Scale in Low-Energy Nuclear Spectroscopy
G.6. Coincidence Techniques
Exercises
APPENDIX H. Radiation Dosimetry
H.1. Biological Effects of Radiation
H.2. Dosimetry Units
Exercises
APPENDIX I. Constants and Conversion Factors in Atomic, Nuclear, and Particle Physics
Text and Tables
References
Solutions to Exercises
Subject Index