دانلود کتاب Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders

فهرست مطالب :

3642016529
Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Dedication
Foreword
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1
Introduction
References
Chapter 2
Historical Perspective on the Early Studies of Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders (PTLD)
2.1 Malignancies in Immunocompromised Hosts
2.2 The Epstein–Barr Virus
2.3 The Serendipitous Intersection of Immunosuppression and EBV
2.4 Initial Studies of “Posttransplant Lymphoma”
2.5 Growing Experience with EBV and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Diseases
2.6 Clinical Spectrum of Lymphoproliferative Disorders
2.7 Morphology
2.8 Clonality
2.9 EBV
2.10 Therapy
2.11 Summary Classification of PTLD
2.12 Pathogenesis
2.13 Conclusions
2.14 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 3
Epidemiology of PTLD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Incidence of PTLD
3.3 Time to PTLD
3.4 Risk Factors for PTLD
3.4.1 Infection Related Risk Factors
3.4.2 Host-Related Risk Factors
3.4.3 Primary Disease Related Factors
3.4.4 Graft Organ Related Risk Factors
3.4.5 Immunosuppression Related Risk Factors
3.5 Mortality After PTLD
3.6 Risk for Graft Loss After PTLD
3.7 Re-Transplantation After PTLD in Prior Transplant
3.8 Take Home Messages
References
Chapter 4
The Biology of Epstein–Barr Virus and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Biology of EBV
4.2.1 Infection
4.2.2 The Viral Life Cycle
4.2.3 Latent Cycle Genes of EBV
4.2.4 Characteristics of the T Cell Response to EBV in Healthy Individuals
4.2.5 Characteristics of the T Cell Response to EBV in Transplant Recipients
4.3 PTLD
4.3.1 Viral Determinants that Drive Growth and Survival of PTLD-Associated B Cell Lymphomas
4.3.2 Viral Mechanisms of Immune Evasion or Subversion
4.3.3 Direct Eff ects of Immunosuppression on Viral Infection and Tumor Cell Growth
4.4 Conclusion
4.5 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 5
Epstein–Barr Viral Load Testing: Role in the Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders
5.1 Introduction
5.2 EBV VL Assessments-What Is Being Measured?
5.3 Limitations and Unresolved Issues Related to EBV VL Assays
5.4 Lack of Standardization and Cross-Referencing of Assays
5.5 Specimen Type and Reporting Units
5.6 The Use of EBV VL Assessments for Specifi c Clinical Purposes
5.6.1 EBV VL Assessments for Preemptive Programs Targeting PTLD Prevention
5.6.2 Laboratory Tests as Adjuncts to EBV VL Assessments
5.6.3 Laboratory Monitoring Algorithms
5.6.4 Defining Trigger Points for Preemptive Interventions
5.7 EBV VL Assessment for PTLD Diagnosis
5.8 EBV VL Assessments for Monitoring Response to PTLD Therapy and Predicting Relapse
5.9 EBV VL Assessments for Determining the Impact of New Immunosuppressive Regimens and Tailoring Individual Immunosuppression
5.10 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 6
Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation of Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Severe Infectious Mononucleosis, Clinical Categories, and Sites of PTLD
6.1.2 Clinicopathologic Correlates
6.1.3 Diagnostic Evaluation
6.1.3.1 Background Information on Patients
6.1.3.2 Initial Clinical Examination
6.1.3.3 Diagnostic and Screening Tests
General Tests and Non-EBV Specific Tests
EBV Specific Tests
Histopathology
6.1.4 Clinical Staging of PTLD
6.1.5 Differential Diagnoses
6.1.6 Ten Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 7
Pathology
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 General Pathologic Features and Classification
7.1.2 Differential Diagnosis
7.1.3 Multiparameter Approach to the Diagnosis of PTLD
7.2 Early Lesions
7.2.1 Plasmacytic Hyperplasia (PCH)
7.2.1.1 Histopathology
7.2.1.2 Ancillary Studies
7.2.2 Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)-Like PTLD
7.2.2.1 Histopathology
7.2.2.2 Ancillary Studies
7.2.3 Florid Follicular Hyperplasia
7.2.3.1 Histopathology
7.2.3.2 Ancillary Studies
7.3 Polymorphic PTLD
7.3.1 Histopathology
7.3.2 Ancillary Studies
7.4 Monomorphic PTLD
7.4.1 Monomorphic B-Cell PTLD
7.4.1.1 Histopathology
7.4.1.2 Ancillary Studies
7.4.2 Monomorphic T-Cell PTLD
7.4.2.1 Histopathology
7.4.2.2 Ancillary Studies
7.5 Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Type PTLD
7.5.1 Histopathology
7.5.2 Ancillary Studies
7.6 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 9
Treatment of PTLD
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Optimal Therapy for PTLD
9.3 Reduction of Immune Suppression
9.4 Surgery and Radiation Therapy
9.5 Antiviral Therapy
9.6 Interferon and Other Cytokines
9.7 Intravenous Immune Globulin
9.8 Anti-B Cell Antibodies
9.9 Chemotherapy
9.10 Cellular Immunotherapy
9.11 Role of Combination Therapies
9.12 Central Nervous System Disease
9.13 Monitoring Patients During Therapy
9.13.1 Conventional Monitoring of Graft and PTLD Status
9.13.2 EBV Viral Load Monitoring
9.13.3 Cellular Immune Responses
9.14 Conclusions
9.15 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 10
Prevention of Epstein–Barr Virus Infection and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Following Transplantation
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Chemoprophylaxis Using Antiviral Therapy
10.2.1 Mechanisms of Action of Acyclovir and Ganciclovir
10.2.2 Animal Models of Chemoprophylaxis
10.2.3 Clinical Studies of Chemoprophylaxis
10.3 Immunoprophylaxis
10.3.1 Cellular Therapy
10.3.2 Passive Immunization
10.3.3 Active Immunization
10.4 Viral Load Monitoring and Preemptive Strategies of Prevention
10.5 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 11.a
Organ Specific Issues of PTLD – Kidney
11.a.1 Epidemiology
11.a.2 Clinical Presentation
11.a.3 Therapeutic Aspects
11.a.4 Outcome and Prognostic Factors
11.a.5 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 11.b
Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD) in Liver and Small Bowel Transplant Recipients
11.b.1 Introduction
11.b.2 PTLD Following Liver Transplantation
11.b.2.1 Incidence
11.b.2.2 Risk Factors
11.b.2.3 Presentation
11.b.2.4 Treatment
11b.2.4.1 Reduction or Discontinuation of Immunosuppression and Antiviral Therapies
11.b.2.4.2 Surgery and Radiotherapy
11.b.2.4.3 Monoclonal Antibodies
11.b.2.4.5 Conventional Chemotherapy
11.b.2.5 Prognosis
11.b.3 PTLD Following Small Bowel Transplantation
11.b.3.1 Incidence
11.b.3.2 Risk Factors
11.b.3.3 Presentation
11.b.3.4 Treatment
11.b.4 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 11.c
Heart and Lung Transplantation
11.c.1 Introduction
11.c.2 PTLD After Heart Transplantation
11.c.2.1 Epidemiology
11.c.2.2 Clinical Presentation
11.c.2.3 Treatment of PTLD
11.c.2.4 Outcomes
11.c.3 PTLD After Lung and Heart–Lung Transplantation
11.c.3.1 Epidemiology
11.c.3.2 Clinical Presentation
11.c.3.3 Treatment
11.c.3.4 Outcome
11.c.4 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 11.d
Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease (PTLD) in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT)
11.d.1 Introduction
11.d.2 Pathogenesis
11.d.3 Definitions and Diagnosis of EBV Related Disease Post-HSCT
11.d.4 Risk Factors
11.d.5 Prevention and Treatment
11.d.5.1 Prophylactic Therapy
11.d.5.2 Preemptive Therapy
11.d.6 Treatment of PTLD
11.d.7 Take Home Pearls
References
Chapter 12
Research Priorities and Future Directions
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Etiology/Pathogenesis of PTLD
12.3 Surveillance and Monitoring
12.4 Treatment of PTLD
Index