دانلود کتاب Proceedings of the International Conference on Paradigms of Computing, Communication and Data Sciences: PCCDS 2022

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Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 Optimized Watermarking Scheme for Copyright Protection of Medical Images
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Scheme
2.1 Embedding Process
2.2 Extraction Process
2.3 Generation of Optimal Embedding Factor
3 Experimental Results
4 Conclusion
References
2 MobileNet + SSD: Lightweight Network for Real-Time Detection of Basketball Player
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Methodology
3.1 SSD Parameters
3.2 Implementation of Proposed Methodology
4 Dataset and Experimental Results
5 Conclusion and for Future Research Scope
References
3 Modified Hungarian Algorithm-Based User Pairing with Optimal Power Allocation in NOMA Systems
1 Introduction
2 Network Model
3 MHA-Based User Pairing
4 Proposed Power Allocation Methods
4.1 Sub-band Power Allocation
4.2 Power Assignment for Sub-band Users
5 Simulation Results
6 Conclusion
References
4 Design and Implementation of Advanced Re-Configurable Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata-Based (Q-DCA) n-Bit Barrel-Shifter Using Multilayer 8:1 MUX with Reversibility
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Surroundings
2.1 QCA-Based Fundamental Gates
2.2 Clock Scheme that Used for QCA Technology
2.3 Reversible Logical Expression
2.4 Q-DCA-Based Multilayer Structure
2.5 Occupied Area, Delay, Dissipated-Power, and Tunneling Resistivity Calculation
3 Proposed Multilayer 8:1 MUX
4 Proposed 8-Bit Barrel Shifter
5 Conclusion
References
5 Recognition of Facial Expressions Using Convolutional Neural Networks
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Materials
2.2 Methods
2.3 Artificial Data Generation
2.4 Key Performance Indicators
3 Results
3.1 Le-Net 5
3.2 Basic CNN
3.3 AlexNet
3.4 ResNet-50
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
6 Identification of Customer Preferences by Using the Multichannel Personalization for Product Recommendations
1 Introduction
2 Realistic Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis
2.1 Area of Research
2.2 Experimental Strategy of Conjoint Analysis
2.3 Various Samples Plus Data Assembly
3 Research Results and Discussion
3.1 Evaluation of Quality of Fit and Predictive Analysis
3.2 Choice Associated Combined and Assumption-Based Testing
3.3 Product Recommendation Rejecting Reasons
4 Conclusion
References
7 A Post-disaster Relocation Model for Infectious Population Considering Minimizing Cost and Time Under a Pentagonal Fuzzy Environment
1 Introduction
2 Basic Concepts and Defuzzification Method for PFN
2.1 Basic Concepts
2.2 Removal Area Method to Convert PFN to Crisp Number
3 Problem Statement and Model Formation
3.1 Modelling
4 Solving Multi-objective Optimization Problems
4.1 Defuzzification of MOST Model
4.2 Compromise Programming Approach to Solve MOST Model
4.3 LINGO Optimization Software
5 Numerical Experiments and Discussions
5.1 Input Data for the Real Life Model
5.2 Result Analysis
6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
8 The Hidden Enemy: A Botnet Taxonomy
1 Introduction
2 Botnet Life Cycle
3 Classification
3.1 Botnet Architecture
3.2 Botnet Detection Techniques
4 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
9 Intelligent Call Prioritization Using Speech Emotion Recognition
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Methodology
3.1 Audio Preprocessor Module
3.2 Emotion Detection Module
3.3 Call Prioritizer Module
4 Results and Observations
5 Conclusion
References
10 The AdaBoost Approach Tuned by SNS Metaheuristics for Fraud Detection
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review and Background
2.1 Adaptive Boosting Algorithm
2.2 Metaphor Based Metaheuristics
3 Social Network Search Algorithm
4 Experimental Setup
5 Conclusion
References
11 Prediction of Pneumonia Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Methodology
3.1 Deep Learning
3.2 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
3.3 Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks
3.4 ResNet
3.5 InceptionV3
3.6 VGG19
4 Proposed Work
4.1 Preprocessing and Augmentation
4.2 Performance Metrics
5 Results and Discussion
5.1 Dataset
5.2 Simulation Results
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
12 State Diagnostics of Egg Development Based on the Neuro-fuzzy Expert System
1 Introduction
2 The Neuro-fuzzy Expert System of Egg Development States Diagnostics Creation
2.1 Linguistic Variables Formation
2.2 Formation of Base of Fuzzy Rules
2.3 Fuzzification
2.4 Aggregation of Substates
2.5 Activation of the Conclusions
2.6 Conclusions Aggregation
2.7 Defuzzification
3 Creation of Mathematical Models of a Neuro-fuzzy Expert System of Egg Development States Diagnostics
4 Choice of Criteria for Efficiency Evaluation of Mathematical Models of a Neuro-fuzzy Expert System of Egg Development States Diagnostics
5 Numerical Research
6 Conclusions
References
13 Analysis of Delay in 16 × 16 Signed Binary Multiplier
1 Introduction
2 Urdhva Tiryagbhyam Sutra
3 Proposed Design
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
14 Review of Machine Learning for Antenna Selection and CSI Feedback in Multi-antenna Systems
1 Introduction
2 TAS for Single-User MIMO and Untrusted Relay Networks
2.1 System Model
2.2 Dataset Generation and CSI Classifier Building:
2.3 Performance Analysis of ML-Based CSI Classifiers
3 FDD-Based Massive MIMO Systems
3.1 System Model
3.2 CNN for Compression
3.3 Analysis of the ML-Based CSI Feedback Techniques
4 Conclusion
References
15 Cassava Leaf Disease Detection Using Ensembling of EfficientNet, SEResNeXt, ViT, DeIT and MobileNetV3 Models
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 EfficientNet
2.2 Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
2.3 ResNeXt
2.4 ViT
2.5 DeIT
2.6 MobileNetV3
2.7 Stacked Ensemble Learning Generalization
3 Proposed Method
3.1 Architecture
4 Experimental Results and Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
16 Scene Segmentation and Boundary Estimation in Primary Visual Cortex
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 The RGC Morphology
2.2 Connectome Specificity
3 Simulation Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
17 Dynamic Thresholding with Short-Time Signal Features in Continuous Bangla Speech Segmentation
1 Introduction
2 Short-Time Speech Signal Features
3 Dynamic Thresholding Approach
4 Blocking Method
5 Conclusion
References
18 Fast Adaptive Image Dehazing and Details Enhancement of Hazy Images
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Methodology
3.1 Hazy Image Classification
3.2 Fast Hazy Image Decomposition
3.3 Fast Dehazing
3.4 Fast Multilayer Laplacian Enhancement
4 Experimental Results
5 Conclusion
References
19 Review on Recent Advances in Hearing Aids: A Signal Processing Perspective
1 Introduction
1.1 Hearing Aid Devices
1.2 Analog Hearing Aid Devices
1.3 Digital Hearing Aid Devices
2 Smart Hearing Aid Using Deep Learning
3 Smart Phone-Based Hearing Aids
4 Occlusion Effect in Hearing Aids
5 Feedback Cancellation in Hearing Aids
6 Conclusion
References
20 Hierarchical Earthquake Prediction Framework
1 Introduction
1.1 Types of Earthquakes
1.2 Impacts of Seismic Tremor on Earth
1.3 Challenges for the Earthquake Prediction
1.4 Application
1.5 Organization of Paper
2 Literature Review
2.1 Seismic Parameters
3 Proposed Framework
3.1 Dataset
3.2 Data Preprocessing for Location Prediction
3.3 Location Prediction
3.4 Preprocessing for Magnitude Prediction
3.5 Magnitude Prediction
3.6 Magnitude Range Classification
3.7 Magnitude Estimation
4 Experimental Analysis
4.1 Dataset
4.2 Data Preprocessing for Location Prediction
4.3 Location Prediction
4.4 Data Preprocessing for Magnitude Prediction
4.5 Magnitude Range Classification
4.6 Magnitude Estimation
5 Conclusions
References
21 Classification Accuracy Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Vibration Data Collection
2.1 Experimental Gearbox Test Setup
2.2 Methodology and Procedure
3 Classification Accuracy Selection Process
4 Machine Learning Algorithm
4.1 Naive Bayes Machine Learning Classifier
4.2 KNN Machine Learning Classifier
4.3 Decision Tree Machine Learning Classifier
4.4 Random Forest Machine Learning Classifier
4.5 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
5 Fault Detection Results and Discussions
6 Conclusions
References
22 Stock Price Forecasting Using Hybrid Prophet—LSTM Model Optimized by BPNN
1 Introduction
2 Prophet Model
3 LSTM Model
4 MAE, RMSE, MAPE
4.1 Mean Absolute Error (MAE)
4.2 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)
4.3 Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)
5 Proposed Method
6 Results and Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
23 Identification of Genetically Closely Related Peanut Varieties Using Deep Learning: The Case of Flower-Related Varieties 11
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Situation of Peanut Seed Production and Certification in Senegal
2.2 Existing Methods of Identification of Peanut Seeds in Senegal
3 Methodology
3.1 Existing Methods of Identification of Peanut Seeds in Senegal
3.2 Image Acquisition
4 Model Construction
5 Model Training
6 Model Evaluation and Testing
7 Conclusion
References
24 Efficient Color Image Segmentation of Low Light and Night Time Image Enhancement Using Novel 2DTU-Net and FM2CM Segmentation Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Proposed Methodology
3.1 Input Source
3.2 Image Resizing
3.3 Image Enhancement
3.4 Segmentation
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Performance Analysis of Proposed 2DTU-Net
4.2 Performance Analysis of Proposed FM2CM
5 Conclusion
References
25 An Architecture to Develop an Automated Expert Finding System for Academic Events
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Findings About Expert Finding Systems
3.1 Classification Based on Used Domains
3.2 Classification Based on Used Techniques
4 Proposed Architecture
5 Result and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
26 A Seismcity Declustering Model Based on Weighted Kernel FCM Along with DPC Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Seismic Cataog Used in the Analysis
3 Proposed Model
4 Result and Discussion
4.1 Epicenter Plot
4.2 Cumulative and Lambda Plot
4.3 Temporal Seismicity Analysis
4.4 Comparative Analysis with State-of-the-Art Declustering Techniques
5 Conclusion
References
27 Wearable Small, Narrow Band, Conformal, Low-Profile Antenna with Defected Ground for Medical Devices
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Antenna Design and Analysis
4 Fabrication Results and Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
28 A CPW Fed Grounded Annular Ring Embedded Dual-Band Dual-Sense Circular Polarization Antenna for 5G/Wi-MAX and C-Band Satellite Applications
1 Introduction
2 Antenna Design and Analysis
2.1 Prototype Analysis
2.2 CP Mechanism and Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
29 An Analytical Appraisal on Recent Trends and Challenges in Secret Sharing Schemes
1 Introduction
2 Secret Sharing Schemes
3 Recent Research Advances in Secret Sharing Schemes
4 Comparative Analysis of Various Secret Sharing Schemes
5 Conclusion
References
30 A Comparative Study on Sign Language Translation Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
1 Introduction
1.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
1.2 Machine Learning (ML)
1.3 Deep Learning (DL)
2 Literature Review
3 Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Techniques
4 Conclusion
5 Future Work
References
31 WSN-IoT Integration with Artificial Intelligence: Research Opportunities and Challenges
1 Introduction
2 Related Works
2.1 Algorithms Related to WSN as Well as IoT
3 WSN-IoTs and AI Collaboration
4 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
32 Time Window Based Recommender System for Movies
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Our Contribution
4 Clustering Scheme
5 Recommendation Scheme
6 Experimental Settings
6.1 Data Description
6.2 Evaluation Metric
7 Results and Discussions
8 Conclusion and Future Work
References
33 Approximate Multiplier for Power Efficient Multimedia Applications
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 4:2 Compressors
4 16*16 Bit Approximate Dadda Multiplier Architecture
4.1 Comparison of High-Speed 4:2 Compressor with Dual-Stage Compressor
5 Implementation Results and Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
34 A Study on the Implications of NLARP to Optimize Double Q-Learning for Energy Enhancement in Cognitive Radio Networks with IoT Scenario
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Background
3.1 Cognitive Radio Network
3.2 The History and Technology of Internet of Things (IoT’s)
4 Implications of NLARP
4.1 Network Layer for IoT Devices
4.2 The GSMA’s Visualization of IoT Services—The Linked Life
4.3 Matrix of Energy and Security Visualization by Using Payoff in Coalition Game
4.4 Spectrum Utilization Using Q-Learning
5 Conclusion
References
35 Automatic Generation Control Simulation Study for Restructured Reheat Thermal Power System
1 Introduction
2 Restructured Reheat Thermal Power System Model
3 Application of PSOA for Tuning PID Controller
4 Simulation Results and Discussion
4.1 Poolco-Based Transaction (PBT)
4.2 Bilateral-Based Transaction (BBT)
4.3 Contract Violation-Based Transaction (CVBT)
5 Conclusions
References
36 Processing and Analysis of Electrocardiogram Signal Using Machine Learning Techniques
1 Introduction
1.1 Conditions that Are Diagnosed with the ECG
1.2 Limitations of the ECG
2 ECG Signal Processing
3 Significance of Denoising
4 Related Works
5 Various Techniques Used for Analysis and Prediction
5.1 Wavelet Transform Technique
5.2 Machine Learning and Predictive Analysis
6 Results and Discussion
6.1 Step-Wise Results for a Normal ECG Signal
6.2 Results for Abnormal Signals
7 Conclusion
References
37 Design of High Voltage Gain DC-DC Converter with Fuzzy Logic Controller for Solar PV System Under Dynamic Irradiation Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Design of Solar PV Array
3 Analysis of Single Switched Power Converter
3.1 Sliding Controller for Single Switch Converter
3.2 Design and Analysis of Adaptive MPPT Controller
4 Design and Analysis of Two-Leg Inverter
5 Discussion of Simulation Results
6 Conclusion
References
38 SmartFog: A Profit-Aware Real-Time Resource Allocation Strategy for Fog/Edge Computing
1 Introduction
2 System Model and Problem Formulation
2.1 System Model
2.2 Problem Formulation
3 SmartFog: The Proposed Framework
3.1 Task–Resource Allocation Based on Proposed Best_Fit Algorithm
3.2 Inclusion of Communication Cost
3.3 Applying the Strategy of Pre-Emption and Migration
3.4 Profit Awareness
4 Simulation Framework: SmartFog
5 Conclusion
References
39 A Comparative Approach: Machine Learning and Adversarial Learning for Intrusion Detection
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Background
3.1 Types of Attacks
3.2 Adversarial Machine Learning Fundamentals
3.3 Adversarial Attack Strategies
3.4 Defense Strategies
4 Proposed Model
4.1 Dataset and Its Preprocessing
4.2 Machine Learning Models
4.3 Experimental Setup
4.4 Performance Metrics
5 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
40 Blockchain-Based Agri-Food Supply Chain Management
1 Introduction
2 Domain Explanation
2.1 Blockchain
2.2 Keccak-256
2.3 Ethash
2.4 Smart Contract
3 Related Works
4 Proposed System
4.1 Seller Phase
4.2 Buyer Phase
4.3 Payment Phase
4.4 Delivery Phase
4.5 Resell Phase
4.6 Refund Phase
5 Conclusion and Contribution to Research
6 Future Work
References
41 Data Balancing for a More Accurate Model of Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosis
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Machine Learning Methods and Metrics
2.3 Performance Measures
3 Experimental Design
3.1 Scenario One: “Performance on Imbalanced Dataset”
3.2 Feature Ranking Based on Four Criteria on Imbalanced Dataset
3.3 Scenario Two: “Performance on Balanced Dataset”
3.4 Feature Ranking Based on Four Criteria on Balanced Dataset
3.5 Scenario Three: “Performance on Four Sub-Datasets”
4 Results
4.1 Feature Rankings Based on Imbalanced BV Dataset
4.2 Feature Rankings Based on Balanced BV Dataset
4.3 Bacterial Vaginosis Predictors
4.4 Bacterial Vaginosis Predictive Models in Three Scenarios
5 Conclusion
References
42 Approximate Adder Circuits: A Comparative Analysis and Evaluation
1 Introduction
2 Approximate Adders
2.1 Preliminaries
2.2 Classification
3 Comparative Analysis
4 Conclusion
References
43 Effect of Traffic Stream Speed on Stream Equivalency Values in Mixed Traffic Conditions on Urban Roads
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Methodology
3.1 Selection of Study Area
3.2 Collection of Data
3.3 Analysis of Data
3.4 Development of Neural Network Model
3.5 Prediction of Missing Values
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
44 Intelligent System for Cattle Monitoring: A Smart Housing for Dairy Animal Using IoT
1 Introduction
2 A Smart Village Design Cycle
3 Literature Review
4 Proposed Model
4.1 Cattle Shed Atmosphere Monitoring and Controlling
4.2 Cattle Health Monitoring
4.3 Cattle Food and Drinking Water Monitoring and Management
4.4 Cattle Waste Management
4.5 Milk Process Equipment
5 Conclusion
References
45 Energy-Efficient Approximate Arithmetic Circuit Design for Error Resilient Applications
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Review of Approximate Adders
3 Scope for Approximate Adder Design
4 Proposed Design of Energy-Efficient Adder
5 Evaluation Metrics
5.1 Error Metrics
5.2 Circuit Metrics
6 Applications
7 Case Study
8 Conclusion
References
46 Continuous Real Time Sensing and Estimation of In-Situ Soil Macronutrients
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
2.1 NPK
2.2 pH
2.3 Temperature
2.4 EC
3 Soil Testing Methods
3.1 Colorimetry Testing Method
3.2 Spectroscopy Method
3.3 Sensor Based Method
4 Comparison of Soil Testing Methods
5 Comparison of Classification Algorithms
6 Comparative Analysis of Classification Algorithms
6.1 J48
6.2 JRip
6.3 RF
6.4 ANN
7 Conclusion
8 Future Enhancement
References
47 Design and Development of Automated Groundstation System for Beliefsat-1
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Methodology
3.1 Antenna
3.2 Antenna Directional Rotator
3.3 Transceiver System
3.4 Data Management System
4 Results and Discussions
4.1 Antenna
5 Conclusion
References
48 Towards Developing a Deep Learning-Based Liver Segmentation Method
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Methodology
3 Image Segmentation
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
49 Review on Vision-Based Control Using Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Ground Vehicle
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Conclusion
References
50 Ensemble Learning Based Feature Selection for Detection of Spam in the Twitter Network
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
2.1 Features for Twitter Spam Detection
2.2 Feature Selection Methods for Spam Detection
2.3 Machine Learning Algorithms for Spam Detection
3 Dataset Description
4 Proposed System
4.1 Feature Selection Methods Used in the Proposed Work
4.2 Classifier Training
5 Experimental Evaluation and Results
6 Conclusion
References
51 Small-Scale Islanded Microgrid for Remotely Located Load Centers with PV-Wind-Battery-Diesel Generator
1 Introduction
2 Modeling of the Test Power System
3 Control Strategies
3.1 Control Strategies for Battery Charging/Discharging Controller
3.2 Control Strategies for PV System
3.3 Control Scheme for Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)
3.4 Energy Management Control Strategies for Diesel Generator to Turn on/off
4 Result & Discussion
4.1 Case1 Varying Irradiance Condition:
4.2 Case 2 Constant Irradiance and Variable Load Condition
5 Conclusion
References
52 A Review on Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer from CT Images Using Deep Learning
1 Introduction
2 Related Works
3 Datasets
4 Deep Learning in Lung Cancer Detection
5 Conclusion
References
53 A Context-Based Approach to Teaching Dynamic Programming
1 Introduction
2 Algorithm Visualization in Programming Education
3 The Two Selected Tasks
4 Presentation of Illustrative Tools
4.1 Coin Problem
4.2 Mirror Word Problem
5 Conclusions
References
54 On the Applicability of Possible Theory-Based Approaches for Ranking Fuzzy Numbers
1 Introduction
2 Existing Ranking Approaches
3 Invalidity of the Existing Ranking Approaches
4 Validity of the Existing Ranking Approaches
4.1 Validity of the Existing Approach for the Ranking of Generalized L-R Fuzzy Numbers
4.2 Validity of the Existing Approach for the Ranking of Generalized Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers
4.3 Validity of the Existing Approach for the Ranking of Generalized Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
5 Conclusion
References
55 Change Detection of Mangroves at Subpixel Level of Synthesized Hyperspectral Data Using Multifractal Analysis Method
1 Introduction
2 Study Area
3 Data Used
4 Methodology
5 Result and Discussion
6 Accuracy Assessment
7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
56 Analysis of the Behavior of Metamaterial Unit Cell with Respect to Change in Its Structural Parameters
1 Introduction
2 Design of MM Unit Cell
2.1 Configuration of the MM Unit Cell to Extract S-Parameters
2.2 Simulation Results for S-Parameter Extraction
3 Effect of Change in Split Ring Dimensions on Resonant Frequency
3.1 Simulation Results for Variable Length and Width of SRR
3.2 Simulation Results for Variable Gap Size of SRR
3.3 Simulation Results for Variable Width of Thin Wire
4 Result and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
57 Mid-Term Load Forecasting by LSTM Model of Deep Learning with Hyper-Parameter Tuning
1 Introduction
2 LSTM Model
3 Load Forecasting Model
3.1 Hyper-Parameter Tuning
3.2 Hyper-Parameter Tuning Summary
4 Case Study
4.1 Error Calculation Without Hyper-Parameter Tuning
4.2 Error Calculation with Hyper-Parameter Tuning
5 Conclusion
References
58 A Comprehensive Survey: Benefits, Recent Works, Challenges of Optimal UAV Placement for Maximum Target Coverage
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review on Optimal UAV Placement for Maximum Target Coverage
2.1 Chronological Review
2.2 Literature Review
3 Algorithmic Analysis and Performance Measures Concentrated in Optimal UAV Placement
3.1 Algorithmic Analysis
3.2 Performance Metrics
3.3 Implemented Platforms
4 Research Gaps and Challenges
5 Conclusion
References
59 Comparative Study Between Different Algorithms of Data Compression and Decompression Techniques
1 Introduction
2 State of the Art
3 Presentation of Algorithms
3.1 Huffman Coding
3.2 Code LZ77
3.3 Code BID
4 Comparison
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
60 A Unique Multident Wideband Antenna for TV White Space Communication
1 Introduction
2 TVWS Antennas at Glance
2.1 Designing Standard Rectangular Patch by Use of Defected Ground Approach
3 Proposed Antenna
3.1 Return Loss Plot
3.2 VSWR
3.3 Gain Plot
3.4 Gain Versus Frequency Graph
4 Fabricated Multident Antenna
4.1 Result After Fabrication of the Antenna Design
5 Conclusion
References
61 Development of a Deep Neural Network Model for Predicting Reference Crop Evapotranspiration from Climate Variables
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Study Zone and Climate Dataset Availability
2.2 Deep Neural Network (DNN)
2.3 Performance Assessment of the Models
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Performance of the Model Under Single Input Combination
3.2 Performance of the Model Under Five Input Combinations
4 Conclusion
References
62 A Novel Efficient AI-Based EEG Workload Assessment System Using ANN-DL Algorithm
1 Introduction
1.1 Electroencephalogram
1.2 EEG Signals
2 Proposed Methodology
2.1 Data Collection
2.2 Data Filtering
2.3 Line Noise Filtering
2.4 Artifact Subspace Reconstruction (ASR)
2.5 Feature Extraction
3 Classification
3.1 Data Labeling
3.2 Training Model
3.3 Workload Detection/Recognition
3.4 System Performance
4 Result and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Author Index