دانلود کتاب Purchasing and Supply Chain Management (McGraw-Hill/Irwin Series in Operations and Decision Sciences)

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Cover Page
Half Title Page
The McGraw-Hill/Irwin Series in Operations and Decision Sciences
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
About the Author
Note to Students
PART ONE INTRODUCTION TO PURCHASING AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Chapter 1 Purchasing and Supply Chain Management
Introduction
Purchasing Managers, Buyers, and Purchasing Agents
The Evolution of the Purchasing and Supply Management Function
The Supply Management Process
Purchasing Dollar Responsibility
Potential for Profit
Integrated Supply Management (ISM)
Annual Inventory-Ordering-Transportation Costs
Organizing for Purchasing
Centralized versus Decentralized Purchasing
Advantages of Centralized Purchasing
Disadvantages of Centralized Purchasing
Advantages of Decentralized Purchasing
Disadvantages of Decentralized Purchasing
Centralized/Decentralized Hybrid Purchasing Systems
The Future Organization Concept
Reporting Assignment
The Supply Management Concept
Careers in Purchasing
Professionalism and Purchasing and Supply Management
The Institute of Supply Management Excellence Award
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
Reference
Chapter 2 Purchasing Decisions and Business Strategy
Introduction
Purchasing and Competitive Strategy Linkage
Competitive Strategy
Competitive Priorities
Purchasing Criteria
Supply Chain Strategy
Supply Chain Relationship Quality
Supply Chain Relationship Quality Indexing Example
The Integrated Buying Model
Cost
Quality Level
Lead Time
Constraints
The Strategic Sourcing Plan
Developing a Strategic Sourcing Plan
Program Objectives by Phase
Purchasing Strategy Trends
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Supply Chain Relationship Quality Study
Chapter 3 The Legal Aspects of Purchasing
Introduction
Authority of the Purchasing Manager
Execution of Contracts and Purchase Orders by the Purchasing Manager
Essentials of a Purchase Contract
The Requirements for a Contract
Offers
Invitation to Do Business
Counteroffers
The Time Limits of an Offer
Firm Offers
Option Contracts
Bid Bonds
Promissory Estoppels
Oral Contracts
Terms of a Contract
Quantity
Quality
Price and Credit Terms
Delivery Terms
Leasing
The Legal Impact of the Information Age
Electronic Contracts and Signatures
Cryptographic Signatures (PKI)
The Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESGNCA)
Purchasing and Ethics
Ethics and the Law
Ethics and the Negotiations Process
Women and Minority Compliance
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Ca
References
PART TWO MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
Chapter 4 Materials Management
Introduction
Materials Requirements Planning and Capacity Requirements
Capacity Planning
Capacity and Inventory
Throughput Time
Order Cycle
Integrated Materials System
Order Cycle—Activities
Lead Time
Customer Satisfaction
Material Availability
On-Time Shipment
On-Time Receipt
Complete Shipment
Quality of Receipt
Flexibility
Responsiveness to Inquiry
Customer Satisfaction—The Balance
Quality
The Quality Level
Objective Quality
Specifying Materials
Raw Materials
Purchased Parts
Maintenance, Repair, and Operating (MRO) Supplies
Maintenance
Repair
Operating Supplies
Tooling
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Chapter 5 Inventory Management
Introduction
Independent versus Dependent Demand
Inventory Management Overview
ABC Classification of Inventory Items
Independent Demand
Costs in an Inventory System
The Classical EOQ Model with Quantity Discounts
Demand Uncertainty and Safety Stock
Quantity Discount Example
Example of Fixed Order Quantity with Safety Stock
Dependent-Demand Systems
The Material Requirements Concept
The General Lot-Sizing Problem
Quantity Discounts for the Variable Demand Case
Illustration of Various Variable-Demand Lot-Sizing Models
Summary
Discussion Questions
Exercises
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Areas under the Normal Curve
Chapter 6 Just-in-Time (Lean) Purchasing
Introduction
Lean Production Systems
Just-in-Time Production System
Kanban Production Control System
Example
Significance of Purchasing
JIT Purchasing
Purchasing Benefits
Implementation of JIT Purchasing
Role of Culture
Critical Analysis of the JIT Concept
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
PART THREE FUNDAMENTALS OF PURCHASING AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Chapter 7 Purchasing Procedures, E-Procurement, and Systems Contracting
Introduction
Purchasing Procedures
Systems Contracting
What Is Systems Contracting?
E-Procurement
Two Broad E-Procurement Purchasing Categories
Indirect Materials Purchasing
Direct Materials Purchasing
Reverse Auctions
What Are Reverse Auctions?
Implementing a Reverse Auction
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and Purchasing
What Is EDI?
Implementation
The Implementation Team
EDI in Practice
Future Outlook
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
What Is RFID and How Does It Work?
Advantages of RFID
Disadvantages of RFID
RFID Implementation
E-Sourcing and Purchasing
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Systems Contract Agreement
Chapter 8 Supplier Selection and Evaluation
Introduction
Make versus Buy
Benefits of Outsourcing
Sources of Supplier Information
Strategic Selection
Supplier Relationship Management
Four Pure Supply Management Relationships
Supplier Relationship Management Programs
Criteria for Supplier Evaluation
Three Common Supplier Evaluation Systems
Strategic Supplier Relationship Management
The Strategic Supplier Performance Review Process
The SRM Scoring System
Supplier Development
Single versus Multiple Sources
Supplier Reduction
Industry Examples
Apparel Industry
Chemical Industry
Electronics Industry
Construction Industry
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Chapter 9 Strategic Outsourcing
Introduction
Why Do Organizations Outsource Business Processes?
The Hidden Costs of Outsourcing
Quality Costs
Supplier or Vendor Relationship Management 200 Internal Coordination
Internal Coordination
Implementation of External Sourcing Model
Product/Service Design and Development
Governmental and Political Expenses
Supply Chain Risk Management
Miscellaneous Financial Considerations
Core Competencies
Outsourcing Trends
Elements of Strategic Outsourcing
Strategic Evaluation
Financial Evaluation
Supplier Selection and Contract Development
Transition to External Sourcing Model
Relationship Management
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Chapter 10 Global Sourcing
Introduction
Costs of Global Sourcing
Currency Exchange Rates
Organizational and Behavioral Issues
Global Sourcing as a Strategic Sourcing Option
Global Sourcing
Protectionism in the United States
Importance of Negotiations
Global Provider Opportunism
U.S. Export Administration Regulations
Foreign Trade Zones
The European Union (EU): Overview and What It Means to Purchasing
Countertrade
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Outsourcing Policy Example
Chapter 11 Supply Partnerships and Supply Chain Power
Introduction
Benchmark Supplier Partnerships: Chrysler Corporation
Importance of Supply Chain Partnership Awareness
Partnerships: Definition and Overview
Relationship Intensity
Traditional Sourcing
Reduced Supplier Bases
Supply Chain Partnerships
Benefits of Supplier Partnerships
Risks of Supplier Partnerships
Partnership Implementation and Critical Success Factors
Power Influences on Supply Chain Relationships
Power and Dependence
Power, Commitment, and Trust
Power, Cooperation, and Compliance
Power and Conflict
Power and Satisfaction
Power, Performance, and Profitability
Automobile Industry Example of Power Asymmetry
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Channel and Supply Chain Power
Chapter 12 Total Quality Management (TQM) and Purchasing
Introduction
Total Quality Management and Supply Chain Management
TQM Implementation Problems
Quality Requirements for Suppliers
Quality Assurance Expectations
Quality Target Commitment
Preventive Quality
Quality Awards
The Deming Award
The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award
Continuous Improvement and the Supplier
ISO 9000
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Supplier Evaluations
Engineering and Design
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Taguchi Method
Appendix B: Acceptance Sampling
PART FOUR PRICE/COST ANALYSIS AND NEGOTIATION STRATEGIES
Chapter 13 Price Determination
Introduction
The Purchasing Decision
Price-Setting Strategy (Economic)
Price-Making Strategy (Psychological)
Discounts
Cash Discounts
Trade Discounts
Quantity Discounts
Price and the Law
Price
Costs
The Learning Curve
The Model
Example
Pricing Strategy
Standard Price List
Competitive Bidding
Negotiations
Project Pricing
Markups versus Margins
Breakeven
The Price/Cost Analysis Process
Summary
Discussion Questions
Exercises
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: The Robinson–Patman Act: General Price Discrimination
Appendix B: Unit Factors for Progress Functions
Appendix C: Estrada Systems
Chapter 14 Bargaining and Negotiations
Introduction
Psychological Bargaining Framework
Payoff System
Bargaining Strategy
Economic Bargaining Framework
An Experiment in Distributive Bargaining
Planning for a Formal Negotiation
Planning (Seller’s Perspective)
Planning (Buyer’s Perspective)
A Richer Model of the Buyer–Seller Interaction
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
PART FIVE SPECIAL PURCHASING APPLICATIONS
Chapter 15 Purchasing Transportation Services
Introduction
The Impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Domestic Transportation
Transportation’s Role in Purchasing
Mode Selection
Relative Prices for Transportation Goods and Services
Carrier Selection
Carrier Evaluation
Rate Determination
Third-Party Relationships
Freight Consolidation
Documentation/Tracing/Claims
Terms and Conditions of Transportation Purchasing
Three Transportation Purchasing Examples
Ross Laboratories
Consolidated Stores
Copeland Inc.
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Chapter 16 Equipment Acquisition and Disposal
Introduction
The Capital Equipment Acquisition Process
Department Requisition
Company Goals and Objectives
New Project Ideas
Cash-Flow Analysis
Economic Evaluation
Payback
Average Rate of Return
Net Present Value
Internal Rate of Return
Profitability Index
Selection
Financial Plan Analysis
Equipment Leasing
Lease versus Borrow and Purchase
Implementation
Expenditure Control
Audits
Disposal of Capital Equipment
Purchasing New versus Used Capital Equipment
New Equipment Purchases
Used Equipment Purchases
Summary
Discussion Questions
Exercises
Suggested Cases
Appendix A: Federal Acquisition Regulation; Electronic and Information Technology
Appendix B: Lease versus Borrow and Purchase Example
Appendix C: Present Value Table
Chapter 17 Health Care Purchasing and Supply Management
Introduction
Purchasing, Supplies, and Services
Supply (Materials) Management Survey
Health Care Supply Management
Opportunities in Health Care Supply Management
Examples of Health Care Savings Opportunities
Methods of Supply Management
Fixed Order Quantity System
Fixed Order Interval
Stockless Inventory Systems
The Best Method
Group Purchasing Organizations
Antikickback Issues
Complicating Factors Unique to Health Care for Inventory Control
Demand Problems
Safety Stock
Current Trends
Primary Supplier
Automation Technology
Acquisition of Capital Equipment Process Overview
Overview of the Process
Factors and Decision Rules
Selecting the Right Supplier
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: Purchasing Health Care Plans
Chapter 18 Sourcing Professional Services
Introduction
Service Sector Characteristics and Strategies
Outsourcing and The Service Sector
Managing Complex Global Outsourcing Services
Professional Services
Project Management
Project Planning and Scheduling Processes
Gantt Chart (or Bar Chart) Method
Progress Curves
The Critical Path Method
Summary
Discussion Questions
Suggested Cases
References
Appendix A: FHWA Project Example
Appendix B: Fortune 500 Company Example
Cases
Case 1 Advanced Computer Logic
Case 2 The Allen and Gary Show
Case 3 AMD Construction Company: Negotiating the Old-Fashioned Way
Case 4 The ARMS Procurement System at Tustin State University
Case 5 The Auction Case
Case 6 Austin Wood Products
Case 7 Butler Systems
Case 8 Camp Bowie Technologies, Inc.
Case 9 The Capital State Arena
Case 10 Carter Systems Canada, Inc.
Case 11 Eastern Waves, Inc.
Case 12 Firebird Electric, U.S.
Case 13 Great Lakes University
Case 14 Hoosier Pride Construction, Inc.
Case 15 Hudson Fabricators, Inc.
Case 16 KACI Products, Inc.
Case 17 MARS, Inc. (D)
Case 18 McGruder Pavers, Inc.
Case 19 Medical Laser Equipment, Inc. (B)
Case 20 Microfuse, Inc.
Case 21 NEP: The Art and Science of Purchasing Coal
Case 22 Pendleton Construction, Inc.
Case 23 Point Clear, Inc. (B)
Case 24 Sage Imaging Center, Inc.
Case 25 Swisher Systems
Case 26 The Tank Case
Case 27 TEMKO Earthmovers
Case 28 Tom & Jerry (T&J) Construction, Inc.
Case 29 Trip 7 Screen Printing
Case 30 Two-Bucks Wine Operation
Purchasing Glossary
Index