دانلود کتاب Researching Communications: A Practical Guide to Methods in Media and Cultural Analysis

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Title Page\nCopyright Page\nContents\nPreface to the first edition\nPreface to the second edition\nPreface to the third edition\nAcknowledgements\nChapter 1: Approaching research: Communications and contemporary life\n Institutions\n Cultural systems\n Understandings and identities\n Patterns of everyday life\n Undisciplined study\n The appliance of science: Positivism\n Making sense: Interpretation\n Choices and circumstances: Critical realism\n Interventions and responsibilities\nChapter 2: Dealing with documentation\n Taking advantage\n Varieties of documentation\n Primary and supplementary uses\n Accessing Big Data\n Using archives and collections\n Working with the web\n Gateways and search engines\n Compiling a personal research library\n Mapping existing research and debate\n Getting stared: Locating sources\n Media forms and contents\n Everyday communications activity\n International agencies\n Networking\n Getting down to work: Key questions\n Texts and contexts\n From principles to practice\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 3: Selecting and sampling\n Introduction: Samples and populations\n Samples, populations and types of sampling\n Sample error: Random errors and constant errors\n Sample size\n Non-response\n Random sampling\n Sampling frames\n Simple random sampling\n Systematic sampling\n Stratified random sampling\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 4: Asking questions\n Introduction\n Questioning styles\n Question delivery\n Strengths and weaknesses of questioning methods\n Types of questions\n Question ordering\n Questions to avoid\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 5: Handling numbers\n Why you need to know about numbers\n Levels of measurement\n Data visualization: A new frontier?\n Inferential statistics: Using numbers to ask wider questions\n Cross-tabulations and multivariate analysis\n Summary: Key points\n Answers to Box 5.1\nChapter 6: Counting contents\n Content analysis\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 7: Analysing texts\n Against academic apartheid\n Semiotic analysis\n Discourse analysis\n Frame analysis\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 8: Unpacking news\n A sample news analysis\n Guide to our method of operation\n The limitations of textual analysis\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 9: Viewing the image\n From texts to images and back again\n The camera: An unerring eye?\n Icon, index and symbol\n The photographic image\n Cameraworks: Images and experiences\n Images and words\n Multimodal analysis: ‘All together now’\n Being realistic\n Altered images, digital deceptions\n Moving images: From frames to flows\n Images and sounds\n Machine manipulations: Deep fakes\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 10: Interpreting images\n Case study 1: Everybody look what’s going down\n Seeming to see\n Case study 2: Watching the news\n Texts and pretexts\n A summary of our analytical steps\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 11:Being an observer\n Why observation?\n Types of observational methods\n The feminist critique\n Structured experimental observation\n Advantages of observational methods\n Disadvantages of observational methods\n Doing observational studies\n Observing online: ‘Netnography’ and other approaches\n The role of observation\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 12: Attending to talk\n Sites and styles of media talk\n Recording talk\n Oral history and the media\n Preparing for the interview\n Doing your oral-history interview\n Assessing your evidence\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 13: Taking talk apart\n Talk as interaction\n Conversation analysis\n Discourse analysis\n Talking heads: The political speech and television\n First step: Data\n Towards a conclusion\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 14: Making comparisons\n Introduction\n Why compare?\n Seeing time through space\n Temporal comparison – then and now\n Specificities and connections\n Combining temporal and geographical comparison\n Spatial comparison – here and there\n Quantitative and qualitative approaches\n The question of causality and the challenge of explanation\n Sampling and spatial comparisons\n Concluding comments\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 15: Using computers\n Digital data analysis\n Knocking around numbers – IBM SPSS Statistics®\n Summary: Key points\nChapter 16: Beyond methodology: The what, how and why of researching communications\n What to research\n Why to research\n The ‘how’ of research\n Communications research ethics in an online world\n Relations with other researchers\n Researching communications for what? A final thought\n Summary: Key points\nGlossary\nBibliography\nIndex