دانلود کتاب Scandinavia and South America―A Tale of Two Capitalisms: Essays on Comparative Developments in Trade, Industrialisation and Inequality since 1850

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Acknowledgements Contents Notes on Contributors List of Figures List of Tables 1 Introduction: A Tale of Two Capitalisms 1 Regional Characteristics 2 Settler Economies 3 Brazil in South America 4 Scandinavia in the Swedish Mirror 5 Comparing Sweden with Brazil 6 Chapter-Wise Account References 2 Scandinavia and South America: A Renewed Tradition of Comparative Studies 1 Introduction 2 South America and Scandinavia in a Comparative Context 3 Lessons from the Literature Review References 3 Trade Specialization, Industrial Growth and Economic Development in the Nordic and the Southern Settler Societies, 1870–1970 1 Introduction 2 The Stylized Facts 2.1 Crossing Roads 2.2 Industrialization, Structural Change and Industrial Exports 3 Theories About Structural Change and Economic Growth 4 How Can Differences Be Explained? 4.1 The Levels at the Point of Departure 4.2 Staple Theory 4.3 The Tyranny of Distance 4.4 Demographic Dynamics and Economic Growth: The Case of Natural Resources 4.5 Inequality and Growth 5 In Short References 4 Foreign Trade and Economic Growth in the Nordic Countries, Australasia and the Rio De La Plata Region, 1870–1970 1 Introduction 2 Economic Growth 1870–1970 in the Three Regions 2.1 1870–1930 2.2 1930–1970 3 GDP and Foreign Trade 3.1 Trade Shares and Terms of Trade 4 The Theory of Balance-Of-Payments-Constrained growth—Thirlwall’s Law 5 Estimation of Import and Export Demand Functions 5.1 Export and Import Demand Functions, 1870–1970 5.2 Export and Import Demand Functions, 1870–1913 5.3 Export and Import Demand Functions, 1950–1970 6 Predictions of Thirlwall’s Law and Economic Growth in Three Regions 7 Summary and Conclusion Appendix: Sources for Data References 5 Coming Full Circle: Brazilian/Swedish Labour Productivity Ratios in Manufacturing, 1912–2014 1 Introduction 2 Data and Method 2.1 Swedish Industrial Statistics 2.2 Brazilian Industrial Census 2.3 Methodology of Productivity Benchmark 3 Results of Productivity Benchmarks 4 Establishing the Long-Term Record 4.1 Time Series for Sweden 4.2 Time Series for Brazil 4.3 Comparative Levels of Labour Productivity 5 The Comparative Record in Historical Context 5.1 Industrialization Pre-World War II 5.2 Brazilian Zeal and Swedish Maturity: ca 1950–1980 5.3 Swedish Boom and Brazilian Bust: 1980– 6 Conclusion References 6 The Role of Education in Modernization Drives in Brazil and in Sweden 1 Introduction 2 Brazil, 1870–1930 2.1 Background 2.2 Education Reforms 2.3 Education, Globalization and Modernization 3 Sweden, 1870–1910 3.1 Background 3.2 Education Reforms in the Nineteenth Century 3.3 Education, Globalization and Modernization 4 Comparative Analysis 1870–1930 5 Brazil 1945–1973 5.1 Structural and Political Change 5.2 Increasing Demand for Education 5.3 Conflicts and Changes in the Education System 5.4 Education and Modernization 6 Sweden 1945–1973 6.1 Structural Changes in Society and Economy 6.2 Increasing Demand for Education 6.3 Transformation of the Education System 6.4 Education and Modernization 7 Comparative Analysis 1945–1973 8 Concluding Remarks References 7 Land-Ownership Systems and Agrarian Income Distribution in Denmark, New Zealand and Uruguay During the First Globalization Era and Beyond 1 Introduction 2 Landholding Systems and the Distribution of Ownership Rights 2.1 Denmark 2.2 New Zealand 2.3 Uruguay 3 Distribution of Land Ownership and Tenancy Systems 4 The Evolution of Factor Prices and the Functional Distribution of Income in the Agrarian Sector 5 Concluding Remarks Appendix: Sources for Data Agrarian GDP Wages Rents Profits References 8 Poles Apart? Living Standards and Inequality by Labour Market Outcomes in Brazil and Sweden, ca. 1830–1920 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Labour Markets 3 Comparing Standards of Living, ca. 1830–1920 3.1 GDP Per Capita 3.2 Comparing Workers’ Standards of Living 4 Inequality by Labour Market Outcomes 4.1 Regional Wage Differentials 4.2 Differences by Occupation, Skills, and Sex 5 Concluding Discussion References 9 Does Democratization Cause Redistribution? Evidence from Sweden and Brazil 1 Introduction 2 The Swedish Case Study 2.1 Historical Background on Democratization 2.2 Trends in Taxation, Social Spending, and Inequality 2.3 Democratization and Redistributive Reforms 3 The Brazilian Case Study 3.1 Historical Background on Democratization 3.2 Trends in Taxation, Social Spending, and Inequality 3.3 Democratization and Redistributive Reforms 4 Conclusions References 10 Conclusions: Comparative Developments in Trade, Industrialization, and Inequality Since 1850 1 Trade 2 Industrialization 3 Inequality References Index