دانلود کتاب Science in Nursing and Health Care

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Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Guided tour Publisher’s acknowledgements 1 Expressing numbers and SI units Learning outcomes Introduction Expressing numbers Scientific notation Numerical prefixes SI units Summary 2 Homeostasis: keeping the body in balance Learning outcomes Introduction The internal environment Homeostasis Homeostatic control mechanisms Nursing care and homeostasis Summary 3 The physical world and basic chemistry Learning outcomes Introduction States of matter Atoms and elements The Periodic Table Compounds The structure of the atom Chemical bonds Structural formulae Molecular mass The mole Chemical reactions The carbon atom and organic chemistry Summary Self-test questions 4 Water, electrolytes and body fluids Learning outcomes Introduction Water Cohesion and adhesion Aqueous mixtures Electrolytes and non-electrolytes The concept of concentration Diffusion and osmosis Filtration The distribution of water within the body Specialised body fluids The regulation of fluid balance within the body Specific gravity Dialysis Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 5 Acids, bases and pH balance Learning outcomes Introduction Acids Bases Properties of acids and bases Measuring acidity Salts as acids and bases Acid–base balance Acid–base imbalance Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 6 Pressure, fluids, gases and breathing Learning outcomes Introduction Atmospheric pressure Pressure in static liquids Blood flow Gases and breathing Gases in solution and their movement Oxygen therapy Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 7 Biological molecules and food Learning outcomes Introduction Diet and food Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Vitamins Minerals Fibre (roughage/non-starch polysaccharide) Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 8 Energy in the body Learning outcomes Introduction The conservation of energy Units of energy The ATP molecule The energy-liberating reactions of cells Overview of carbohydrate catabolism Fat catabolism Protein catabolism Basal metabolic rate Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 9 Heat and body temperature Learning outcomes Introduction Heat and temperature Latent heat and changes in state Temperature scales Temperature-measurement devices Body temperature Cyclical variations in body temperature The transmission of heat Temperature homeostasis Thermoregulation abnormalities Other uses of heat and cold Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 10 Force, mechanics and biomechanics Learning outcomes Introduction Speed and velocity Acceleration Mass and weight Momentum Force Newton’s laws of motion The force of gravity Stability Levers Pulleys Vectors Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 11 Electricity, magnetism and medical equipment Learning outcomes Introduction Magnetism Electricity Current flow Electrocution Electricity in the body Important items of medical equipment Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 12 Light and vision Learning outcomes Introduction Transverse waves The electromagnetic spectrum The properties of light Lenses How do we see? Optical instruments Ultraviolet radiation Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 13 Sound and hearing Learning outcomes Introduction Sound Ultrasound and the piezoelectric effect The Doppler effect Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 14 Radiation in diagnosis and treatment Learning outcomes Introduction The nature of ionising radiation Radioactivity and radioactive decay The concept of half-life The effects of ionising radiation The measurement of radiation Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 15 Genetics in health and illness Learning outcomes Introduction The nucleus of the cell DNA: the genetic code DNA replication Mitosis and the cell cycle Meiosis Protein synthesis Genetic inheritance Genetic disease Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises 16 Microbiology Learning outcomes Introduction Naming microorganisms Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protozoa Host–microorganism relationships The response to infection Virulence Sources of infection Microbiology samples Microbiological tests The microbiology laboratory Cleaning, disinfection and sterilisation Treating infections Summary Self-test questions Further study/exercises Answers to self-test questions Appendix: The Periodic Table Glossary Index