دانلود کتاب Social Influence, Power, and Multimodal Communication

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Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Introduction
I.1 Social influence and communication
I.2 Multimodal communication in debates
Acknowledgments
1. A sociocognitive model of mind, social interaction, emotion, and communication
1.1 Goals, actions, and beliefs
1.2 The choice
1.3 Action, knowledge, and the world
1.4 Power
1.5 Social relations and social interactions
1.6 Evaluation
1.7 Image and self-image
1.8 Competition and hierarchy
1.9 Emotions
1.10 Communication
1.10.1 The communicative act
1.10.2 Indirect communication
1.10.3 From sentence to discourse, through words or body signals
1.10.4 Multimodality
1.10.5 Deception
1.11 Social influence
1.11.1 Ways to influence
1.11.2 Direct influence and goal hooking
1.11.3 Communicative and noncommunicative influence
1.11.4 Influence and emotions
2. Social influence and persuasion
2.1 Influencing others
2.1.1 Goal generation
2.1.2 Goal activation
2.1.3 Goal choice: The importance of value
2.2 How to have others do what you want?
2.2.1 Direct influence
2.2.2 Goal hooking
2.2.2.1 Cognitive hooking
2.2.2.2 Emotional hooking
2.3 Communicative and noncommunicative influence
2.4 Types of communicative influence: To comply vs. to be convinced
2.4.1 Inducement
2.4.1.1 Coercion: The power of threat
2.4.1.2 Allurement: The power of promise
2.4.2 Convincing: Influence through free choice
2.4.3 Certainty and influence
2.5 Persuasion as communicative noncoercive influence
2.6 The routes to persuasion
2.6.1 Goal hooking and evaluation
2.6.2 The force of conviction
2.7 Logos, ethos, pathos
3. Persuasive discourse
3.1 Persuasion as a hierarchy of goals
3.2 A pre-election interview
3.3 A case of speaker-oriented persuasive dialogue: The pharmaceutical counselor
3.4 The health operator and the patient: A case of altruistic persuasive dialogue
4. Persuasive gesture and persuasive gaze
4.1 Persuasive gestures
4.2 Gestures and persuasive discourse
4.3 Looking for persuasive gestures
4.4 Gestures in political persuasion: A research study
4.5 Gestures with a persuasive import
4.6 Persuasive gesture and persuasive expressivity
4.7 Persuasive hands in political discourse
4.8 Persuasive gaze
4.9 Conclusion
5. Dominance and its signals
5.1 Dominance
5.2 Signals of dominance
5.3 A definition of dominance in terms of goals and beliefs
5.4 Dominance signals in debates
5.4.1 Hypothesis
5.4.2 Method
5.4.3 Results: Dominance strategies
5.4.3.1 Aggressiveness
5.4.3.1.1 Imperiousness
5.4.3.1.2 Judgment
5.4.3.1.3 Invasion
5.4.3.1.4 Norm violation
5.4.3.2 Defiance
5.4.3.3 Touchiness
5.4.3.4 Victimhood
5.4.3.5 Haughtiness
5.4.3.6 Ridicule and irony
5.4.3.7 Easiness
5.4.3.8 Carelessness
5.4.3.9 Assertiveness and calm strength
5.5 Conclusion
6. Charisma: The gift of influence
6.1 Power and influence, leadership, and charisma
6.2 What is charisma?
6.3 A definition of charisma
6.4 The external features of charisma
6.5 The internal features of charisma: A multidimensional account
6.6 The adjectives of charisma
6.7 Measuring the perception of charisma
6.8 Charisma in voice
6.9 Different types of charisma
6.10 Conclusion
7. Benito Mussolini: Charisma of a Italian dictator in his words and multimodal communication
7.1 Mussolini\'s speeches: A quantitative analysis
7.2 A qualitative analysis of Mussolini\'s speeches
7.2.1 Mussolini\'s words
7.2.2 Mussolini\'s speech acts
7.2.2.1 Incitements
7.2.2.2 Orders and requests for commitment
7.2.2.3 Rhetorical questions
7.2.2.4 Threats
7.2.2.5 Discrediting acts
7.2.2.6 Expressions of affect
7.2.2.7 Expressions of empathy
7.2.2.8 Praise
7.2.3 Creativity in language
7.3 Charisma in Mussolini\'s body
7.4 Multimodal charismatic communication
7.5 The features of charisma in Mussolini\'s body communication
7.5.1 Gesture
7.5.2 Voice
7.5.3 Body
7.6 The charisma of an Italian dictator: Internal features and multimodal external manifestations
7.7 Annotating multimodal charisma
7.7.1 An annotation scheme of multimodal charisma
7.7.2 The features of charisma
7.7.3 The types of charisma of Mussolini\'s multimodal communication
7.8 Conclusion
Note
8. How to increase one\'s power by decreasing the other\'s? The force of discredit
8.1 Momus, the god of backbiting
8.2 The importance of image in persuasion
8.3 Attacking the other\'s image
8.4 Casting discredit
8.5 Discrediting moves in debates: An observational qualitative study
8.5.1 Corpus and analysis
8.5.2 Results: Types of discrediting moves
8.5.3 The route: Person, topic, and mode
8.5.3.1 Person
8.5.3.2 Topic
8.5.3.3 Mode
8.5.4 The target features of discredit: Flaws in competence, dominance, and benevolence
8.5.4.1 Competence - Ignorant
8.5.4.2 Competence - Stupid
8.5.4.3 Dominance - Helplessness
8.5.4.4 Dominance - Ridiculous
8.5.4.5 Dominance - Inconsequential
8.5.4.6 Benevolence - Immoral
8.5.4.7 Benevolence - Dishonest
8.5.4.8 Benevolence - Cheater
8.6 Effects of verbal and bodily discrediting moves: An experimental study
8.6.1 Hypotheses and research questions
8.6.2 Experimental design and procedure
8.6.3 Results
8.6.4 Discussion and conclusion
Note
9. Subtle ways to discredit in debates: Comments by words, face, and body
9.1 The third listener
9.2 Comments in discourse studies
9.3 A definition of \"comment\"
9.3.1 An informative communicative act
9.3.1.1 Interpretative comment
9.3.1.2 Evaluative comment
9.3.2 Additional but pertinent information
9.3.2.1 Additional
9.3.2.2 Pertinent
9.4 Body comments in political talk shows
9.4.1 Reciprocal perception and communication in political talk shows
9.4.2 Interactional roles in TV broadcasted debates
9.4.3 How to recognize a comment?
9.5 Multimodal comments in political talk shows
9.5.1 Method
9.5.2 Results
9.5.2.1 Comments vs. noncomments
9.5.2.2 Verbal direct and indirect comments
9.5.2.3 Direct and indirect body comments
9.6 Conclusion
Note
10. Attacking the opponent\'s image: Insult as a weapon for political discredit
10.1 Insult and other forms of aggressive communication
10.1.1 Curse
10.1.2 Imprecation
10.1.3 Bad words
10.2 Insults
10.2.1 The intention of offending
10.2.2 A negative property and a degrading category
10.2.3 Spoiling the target\'s image and self-image
10.2.4 Bad words, imprecation, curse, and insult
10.3 Verbal and bodily, direct and indirect insults
10.3.1 Verbal direct insults
10.3.1.1 Semantic aspects of insults
10.3.1.2 Syntactic aspects of insults
10.3.2 Direct vs. indirect verbal insults
10.3.3 Bodily direct and indirect insults
10.3.4 A serial of insults
10.4 Aggressive communication on the web
10.5 Conclusion
Notes
11. A laughter will bury you: Ridicule as a discrediting move
11.1 Laughter
11.2 Humor
11.3 Ridicule
11.4 Ridicule in political debates
11.4.1 Corpus and analysis
11.4.2 Results: The targets of ridicule
11.4.2.1 Benevolence
11.4.2.2 Competence
11.4.2.3 Dominance
11.4.3 How to make fun of the opponent?
11.4.3.1 Laughter + words
11.4.3.2 Laughter only
11.4.3.3 Smile + words
11.4.3.4 Smile only
11.4.3.5 No smile nor laughter
11.4.3.6 Tongue in cheek
11.4.3.7 Lick lips
11.4.3.8 Look around
11.4.3.9 Irony
11.4.3.10 Imitation and parody
Note
12. Irony and ridicule in a judicial debate
12.1 Irony
12.1.1 Irony as a rhetorical figure
12.1.2 The irony alert
12.2 Persuasion in judicial debates
12.3 Influence and power in the \"Clean Hands\" trial
12.4 Irony in the \"Clean Hands\" trial
12.5 Ridicule in the \"Clean Hands\" trial
12.6 Truth and power, irony and ridicule
12.7 Conclusion
Note
13. Parody as a political weapon
13.1 Works on parody
13.2 A sociocognitive model of parody
13.3 Imitation and allusion
13.4 The elements of parody
13.5 The parody of a politician: A qualitative analysis
13.5.1 Allusions and parody in Alemanno\'s costume and in the background scene
13.5.2 Allusions and ridicule in Alemanno\'s words
13.6 \"Surface\" vs. \"deep\" parody
13.7 Cognitive processes in the production of parody
13.7.1 Devising the target\'s humorous features
13.7.2 Communicating the target\'s humorous features
13.7.2.1 Target identification
13.7.2.2 Event
13.7.2.3 Flaw
13.7.2.4 Re-categorization
13.7.2.5 Stereotypes
13.7.2.6 Prototypes
13.7.2.7 Humor
13.8 Political parodies: A qualitative analysis
13.9 Multimodality of parody
13.9.1 Scene background
13.9.2 Suit and make up
13.9.3 Morphological traits
13.9.4 Head and face
13.9.5 Gesture, posture, and body movement
13.9.6 Voice
13.9.7 Conversational behavior
13.9.8 Words, sentences, and discourses
13.9.9 Names and puns
13.10 Stereotypes in parody
13.10.1 Sexist stereotypes
13.10.2 Social stereotypes
13.10.3 Cultural stereotypes
13.10.4 Linguistic stereotypes
13.11 Cognitive processes in the comprehension of parody: Understanding humor
13.12 The comprehension of parody: An experimental study
13.12.1 Basic vs. complex comprehension and evaluation: Working hypotheses and research questions
13.12.2 Experimental design
13.12.3 Stimulus material
13.12.4 Manipulation check
13.12.5 Results
13.12.6 Discussion
13.13 Conclusion
Note
14. Cognitive, affective, and persuasive effects of political parody
14.1 Persuasive effects of political satire
14.2 Parody as moral and affective priming
14.3 Study one. What are the affective and evaluative effects of parody?
14.3.1 Experimental design
14.3.2 Results
14.3.2.1 Emotions
14.3.2.2 Evaluation
14.3.2.3 Negative/critical thoughts
14.3.3 The effects of different types of parody. Hypotheses
14.3.4 Results
14.3.5 Parody, elicited emotions, evaluation of the character and of the real person. A mediational analysis
14.3.6 Critical thoughts and the target of distrust
14.3.7 Political orientation
14.4 Study two: What\'s the role of gender in the effects of Parody?
14.4.1 Material and method
14.4.2 Stimulus material
14.4.3 Results
14.5 General discussion
14.6 Conclusion
Note
15. Conclusion
15.1 Modalities and levels of political communication
15.2 Future work
15.3 Multimodal communication and the laws of influence and power
References
Index