دانلود کتاب Software architecture with python

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Cover......Page 1
Copyright......Page 3
Credits......Page 5
About the Author......Page 6
About the Reviewer......Page 7
www.PacktPub.com......Page 8
Customer Feedback......Page 9
Table of Contents......Page 11
Preface......Page 19
Chapter 1: Principles of Software Architecture......Page 25
Defining Software Architecture......Page 26
Software Architecture versus design......Page 27
An architecture defines a structure......Page 28
An architecture captures early design decisions......Page 30
An architecture manages stakeholder requirements......Page 31
An architecture influences the organizational structure......Page 32
An architecture is influenced by its environment......Page 33
An architecture often conforms to a pattern......Page 34
Importance of Software Architecture......Page 35
System versus enterprise architecture......Page 37
Architectural quality attributes......Page 41
Modifiability......Page 42
Testability......Page 45
Scalability......Page 47
Performance......Page 49
Availability......Page 50
Security......Page 51
Deployability......Page 53
Summary......Page 54
What is modifiability?......Page 57
Understanding readability......Page 58
Python and readability......Page 59
Readability - antipatterns......Page 61
Document your code......Page 63
Follow coding and style guidelines......Page 71
Review and refactor code......Page 72
Commenting the code......Page 73
Fundamentals of Modifiability – Cohesion & Coupling......Page 74
Measuring cohesion and coupling......Page 75
Measuring cohesion and coupling – string and text processing......Page 78
Providing explicit interfaces......Page 79
Reducing two-way dependencies......Page 80
Abstract common services......Page 81
Using inheritance techniques......Page 82
Using late binding techniques......Page 86
Metrics – tools for static analysis......Page 87
What are code smells?......Page 88
Cyclomatic complexity – the McCabe metric......Page 89
Testing for metrics......Page 90
Running Static Checkers......Page 93
Refactoring Code......Page 101
Refactoring code – fixing complexity......Page 102
Refactoring code - fixing code smells......Page 104
Refactoring code - fixing styling and coding issues......Page 106
Summary......Page 107
Understanding testability......Page 109
Testability – architectural aspects......Page 110
Reduce system complexity......Page 113
Improving predictability......Page 114
Control and isolate external dependencies......Page 115
White-box testing principles......Page 119
Unit testing......Page 120
Unit testing in action......Page 121
Extending our unit test case......Page 123
Nosing around with nose2......Page 125
Testing with py.test......Page 126
Measuring coverage using coverage.py......Page 129
Measuring coverage using nose2......Page 130
Measuring coverage using py.test......Page 131
Mocking things up......Page 132
Tests inline in documentation – doctests......Page 137
Integration tests......Page 141
Test automation using Selenium Web Driver......Page 144
Test-Driven Development......Page 146
TDD with palindromes......Page 147
Summary......Page 153
Chapter 4: Good Performance is Rewarding!......Page 155
Software performance engineering......Page 157
Performance testing and measurement tools......Page 159
Performance complexity......Page 160
Measuring performance......Page 162
Measuring time using a context manager......Page 163
Timing code using the timeit module......Page 166
Measuring the performance of our code using timeit......Page 167
Finding out time complexity – graphs......Page 169
Measuring CPU time with timeit......Page 175
Profiling with cProfile and profile......Page 176
Prime number iterator class – performance tweaks......Page 180
Profiling – collecting and reporting statistics......Page 182
Line profiler......Page 183
Memory profiler......Page 185
Substring (subsequence) problem......Page 187
Objgraph......Page 192
Pympler......Page 194
Programming for performance – data structures......Page 196
Lists......Page 197
Sets......Page 198
High performance containers – the collections module......Page 199
defaultdict......Page 200
OrderedDict......Page 202
Counter......Page 204
ChainMap......Page 205
namedtuple......Page 206
Probabilistic data structures – bloom filters......Page 208
Summary......Page 212
Chapter 5: Writing Applications That Scale......Page 215
Scalability and performance......Page 217
Concurrency......Page 220
Concurrency versus parallelism......Page 221
Concurrency in Python – multithreading......Page 222
Thumbnail generator......Page 223
Thumbnail generator – producer/consumer architecture......Page 225
Thumbnail generator – resource constraint using locks......Page 230
Thumbnail generator – resource constraint using semaphores......Page 235
Resource constraint – semaphore versus lock......Page 238
Thumbnail generator – URL rate controller using conditions......Page 239
Multithreading – Python and GIL......Page 247
A primality checker......Page 248
Sorting disk files......Page 252
Sorting disk files – using a counter......Page 253
Sorting disk files – using multiprocessing......Page 256
Multithreading versus multiprocessing......Page 259
Pre-emptive versus cooperative multitasking......Page 260
The asyncio module in Python......Page 265
Waiting for a future – async and await......Page 268
Concurrent futures – high-level concurrent processing......Page 271
Disk thumbnail generator......Page 273
Concurrency options – how to choose?......Page 276
Joblib......Page 277
PyMP......Page 278
Fractals – the Mandelbrot set......Page 279
Fractals – Scaling the Mandelbrot set implementation......Page 283
Scaling workflows – message queues and task queues......Page 286
The Mandelbrot set using Celery......Page 288
Serving with Python on the Web—WSGI......Page 293
uWSGI – WSGI middleware on steroids......Page 296
Gunicorn versus uWSGI......Page 298
Horizontal scalability architectures......Page 299
Summary......Page 303
Chapter 6: Security – Writing Secure Code......Page 305
Information Security architecture......Page 306
Secure coding......Page 308
Common security vulnerabilities......Page 309
Is Python secure?......Page 314
Reading input......Page 315
Evaluating arbitrary input......Page 318
Overflow errors......Page 322
Serializing objects......Page 324
Security issues with web applications......Page 328
Server Side Template Injection......Page 329
Server-Side Template Injection – mitigation......Page 332
Denial of Service......Page 334
Mitigation – DoS and XSS......Page 338
Strategies for security – Python......Page 341
Secure coding strategies......Page 349
Summary......Page 350
Chapter 7: Design Patterns in Python......Page 351
Design patterns - Elements......Page 352
Categories of design patterns......Page 353
Pluggable hashing algorithms......Page 355
Summing up pluggable hashing algorithm......Page 358
The Singleton pattern......Page 359
The Singleton – do we need a Singleton?......Page 362
State sharing – Borg versus Singleton......Page 364
The Factory pattern......Page 366
The Prototype pattern......Page 369
Prototype – deep versus shallow copy......Page 370
Prototype using metaclasses......Page 371
Combining patterns using metaclasses......Page 373
The Prototype factory......Page 374
The Builder pattern......Page 377
The Adapter pattern......Page 384
The Facade pattern......Page 394
Facades in Python......Page 395
The Proxy pattern......Page 401
An instance-counting proxy......Page 402
Patterns in Python – Behavioral......Page 405
The Iterator pattern......Page 406
The Observer pattern......Page 409
The State pattern......Page 417
Summary......Page 424
Chapter 8: Python – Architectural Patterns......Page 427
Introducing MVC......Page 428
Model Template View (MTV) – Django......Page 430
Django admin – automated model-centric views......Page 431
Flexible Microframework – Flask......Page 433
Chat server and client using I/O multiplexing with the select module......Page 435
Event-driven programming versus Concurrent programming......Page 442
Twisted......Page 444
Twisted – a simple web client......Page 445
Chat Server using Twisted......Page 446
Eventlet......Page 452
Greenlets and Gevent......Page 454
Microservice architecture......Page 456
Microservice frameworks in Python......Page 457
Microservices example – restaurant reservation......Page 459
Pipe and Filter architectures......Page 462
Pipe and Filter in Python......Page 463
Summary......Page 469
Chapter 9: Deploying Python Applications......Page 471
Deployability......Page 472
Factors affecting Deployability......Page 473
Tiers of software deployment architecture......Page 475
Packaging Python code......Page 476
Pip......Page 477
Virtualenv......Page 479
Virtualenv and pip......Page 481
Relocatable virtual environments......Page 483
PyPI......Page 484
Packaging and submission of an application......Page 486
The setup.py file......Page 487
Installing the package......Page 488
Submitting the package to PyPI......Page 489
Remote deployments using Fabric......Page 492
Remote deployments using Ansible......Page 494
Managing remote daemons using Supervisor......Page 495
Deployment – patterns and best practices......Page 496
Summary......Page 498
Chapter 10: Techniques for Debugging......Page 501
Maximum subarray problem......Page 502
The power of \"print\"......Page 503
Analysis and rewrite......Page 505
Timing and optimizing the code......Page 508
Simple debugging tricks and techniques......Page 510
Word searcher program......Page 511
Word searcher program—debugging step 1......Page 512
Word searcher program—debugging step 2......Page 513
Word searcher program—final code......Page 514
Stopping execution......Page 515
External dependencies—using wrappers......Page 516
Replacing functions with their return value/data (Mocking)......Page 518
Saving to / loading data from files as cache......Page 520
Saving to / loading data from memory as cache......Page 522
Returning random/mock data......Page 524
Simple application logging......Page 529
Advanced logging—logger objects......Page 531
Advanced logging—custom formatting and loggers......Page 532
Advanced logging—writing to syslog......Page 536
Debugging tools—using debuggers......Page 537
A debugging session with pdb......Page 538
iPdb......Page 540
Advanced debugging—tracing......Page 542
The trace module......Page 543
The lptrace program......Page 544
System call tracing using strace......Page 545
Summary......Page 546
Index......Page 549