دانلود کتاب Technology and American Society: A History

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Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Working the Land in Preindustrial Europe and America
Crops, Animals, and Tools: European Antecedents
Consequences and Causes of Low Agricultural Productivity
The New World with Old Technology
Note
Suggested Readings
Chapter 2: Men and Women Working in Shops and Homes before Industrialization
Male Crafts in a Frontier Society
Water Power and the Iron Furnace
Transporting Goods and People
The Culture of the Crafts
Colonial Women’s Work and the Real ‘Traditional Housewife’
Varieties of Women’s Work and Their Tools
Bearing and Raising Children
Signs of Change by 1800
Note
Suggested Readings
Chapter 3: Origins of Industrialization
The Increasing Rate of Innovation from 1750
Why Britain First?
American Backwardness and Receptivity to Change
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 4: The Birth of the Factory
Simple Machines Produce Amazing Results: Cotton Textiles in Eighteenth-Century Britain
From Cottage to Factory: Causes and Social Consequences in Britain
Americans Learn to Compete: From Samuel Slater to Lowell Mills
The Transformation of the American Textile Mill: Women and Immigrants, 1810–1850
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 5: Iron, Steam, and Rails
A New Iron Age: Coal and the Mass Production of Iron in Eighteenth-Century Britain
Steam Engines: From Mines to Factories
Technology Transfer?
The Steamboat
Railroads
Technology and the Law: The Wheeling Bridge Case
Economic Impact of Steam Transportation
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 6: Machines and Their Mass Production
From File to Milling Machine: Origins of Mechanical Tools in Industry
Armories, Interchangeable Parts, and the Origins of the American System of Manufacturing
From Guns to Typewriters: Mass Production of Complex Products in the Nineteenth Century
Machinery and the Pride of Craftsmen
Suggested Readings
Chapter 7: Machines on the Farm and in the Forest, 1800–1950
Innovations in Cultivating and Harvesting
Perishables and Packing Houses
The Wonders of Biological Innovation
The Social Impact of Mechanized Farming
Felling the Forest by Machine
Suggested Readings
Chapter 8: Americans Confront a Mechanical World, 1780–1900
Pastoralism, the Work Ethic, Simplicity, and the Machine
American Devotion to Technology and Inventors
Beginnings of an American Critique of the Machine
Reconciling Technology with Traditional American Values
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 9: The Second Industrial Revolution
The Age of Steel
The Miracle of Electricity
Chemistry and its Applications
Internal Combustion
Catching the Wave: The United States and Technological Leadership
Urbanization in Late-Nineteenth-Century America
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 10: Technology and the Modern Corporation
The Role of Corporate Research
Edison and the Electric Industry
Tesla and Westinghouse
Bell and the Telephone Industry
Du Pont and the Chemical Industry
Emergence of the Modern Engineer
Suggested Readings
Chapter 11: Technology and War, 1770–1918
Legacy of European War: 1680–1815
A Weapons Revolution on Land and Sea, 1814–1860
Technology and Tactics in the Civil War
The New Arms Race after 1870
Joining Technology and Total War, 1914–1918
Suggested Readings
Chapter 12: The Impact of Technology on Women’s Work
The Mechanization of the Home
Mechanization Outside the Home
The ‘Changing’ Role of Women in the Home
Technology and Women at Work
The Demand for and Supply of Female Labor, and the Persistence of Housework
Suggested Readings
Chapter 13: The New Factory
Advances in Machine Tools
Scientific Management
The Gilbreths and Motion Study
Personnel Management
The Assembly Line
Labor’s Response
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 14: Innovation and the Great Depression, 1918–1940
Innovation Clusters and Economic Fluctuations
The Great Depression of the 1930s
Product Innovation in the Interwar Period
Labor-Saving Process Innovation in the Interwar Period
Automobiles and the Great Depression
The Technocracy Movement
Could It Happen Again?
Suggested Readings
Chapter 15: The Automobile and Its Culture
Mass Production of Automobiles in the Land of Plenty
Innovations in Related Sectors
General Motors and Model Diversity
Automobile Culture and the Transformation of American Space
The Peak and Decline of American Automobility: 1945 to the Present
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 16: Mechanizing Sight and Sound
The Phonograph
Mechanized Sound Changed What and How We Hear
Photography and Motion Pictures
Mass-Produced Sights and Sounds: The Impact of the Movies
Suggested Readings
Chapter 17: Electronic Media in the Home
The Development of Radio
American Radio Culture: A Commercialized Entertainment Technology
Television
TV and the Origins of Primetime Families
Suggested Readings
Chapter 18: Airplanes and Atoms in Peace and War
Learning to Fly
A Revolution in Personal Transport
The Jet Versus the Piston
World War II and the Birth of the Bomb
The Technology of the Balance of Terror
Nuclear Power
Suggested Readings
Chapter 19: The Postwar Advance of Technology
Industrializing Farms and Mines
Synthetic Fibers and Plastics
Medical Research
Note
Suggested Readings
Chapter 20: Our Digital Age
Data Processing and the Origins of the Digital Computer
Transistors and Chips: New Personal Devices and the Miniaturized Computer
Making the PC User-Friendly
Origins of the Internet
Digital Extensions: Computer Games and Smart Phones
Computers and a New Debate about Technology
Notes
Suggested Readings
Chapter 21: Modern Americans in a Technological World
Technological Forecasts Past and Present
An Abiding Ambivalence: Modern Technocritics and Futurologists
Technology, Jobs, and the Postwar Economy
Environmentalism and Growth
Technology and Personal Life
Government Policy and Technological Innovation: Lessons from the Past
Technology and Social Change
Notes
Suggested Readings
Index