دانلود کتاب The 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming and Interfacing, 1e

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Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
Part I: Fundamentals of a Microprocessor......Page 16
1.1 Early Integrated Circuits......Page 18
1.4 16-Bit Microprocessors......Page 19
1.7 Microcontrollers and Digital Signal Processors......Page 20
2.1 Calculator......Page 22
2.2 Computer......Page 23
2.3 Microcomputer......Page 27
2.4 Computer Languages......Page 28
Questions......Page 31
3.1 Unsigned Binary Integers......Page 32
3.2 Signed Binary Integers......Page 33
3.3 Representation of Fractions......Page 38
Questions......Page 40
4.1 History of Microprocessors......Page 42
4.2 Description of 8085 Pins......Page 44
4.3 Programmer’s View of 8085: Need for Registers......Page 49
4.4 Accumulator or Register A......Page 50
Questions......Page 51
5.1 Problem Statement......Page 53
5.2 About the Microprocessor Kit......Page 56
Questions......Page 66
Chapter 6: Data Transfer Group of Instructions......Page 67
6.1 Classification of 8085 Instructions......Page 68
6.3 Instruction Type MOV r1, r2......Page 69
6.4 Instruction Type MOV r, M......Page 70
6.6 Instruction Type LXI rp, d16......Page 71
6.8 Instruction Type LDA a16......Page 72
6.10 Instruction Type XCHG......Page 73
6.11 Addressing Modes of 8085......Page 74
6.13 Instruction Type STAX rp......Page 77
6.15 Instruction Type SHLD a16......Page 78
Questions......Page 79
Chapter 7: Arithmetic Group of Instructions......Page 80
7.1 Instructions to Perform Addition......Page 81
7.2 Instructions to Perform Subtraction......Page 85
7.3 Instruction Type INX rp......Page 88
7.5 Instruction Type DAD rp......Page 89
7.6 Decimal Addition in 8085......Page 90
Questions......Page 91
Chapter 8: Logical Group of Instructions......Page 92
8.1 Instructions to Perform ‘AND’ Operation......Page 93
8.2 Instructions to Perform ‘OR’ Operation......Page 94
8.3 Instructions to Perform ‘EXCLUSIVE OR’ Operation......Page 95
8.5 Instructions to Complement/Set ‘Cy’ Flag......Page 97
8.6 Instructions to Perform Compare Operation......Page 98
8.7 Instructions to Rotate Accumulator......Page 100
Questions......Page 103
9.1 Stack and The Stack Pointer......Page 105
9.2 Instruction Type POP rp......Page 107
9.3 Instruction Type PUSH rp......Page 108
9.4 Instruction Type LXI SP, d16......Page 109
9.7 Instruction Type INX SP......Page 110
9.10 Instruction Type NOP......Page 111
Questions......Page 113
Chapter 10: Branch Group of Instructions......Page 114
10.1 More Details about Program Execution......Page 115
10.2 Unconditional Jump Instructions......Page 117
10.3 Conditional Jump Instructions......Page 119
10.4 Unconditional Call and Return Instructions......Page 122
10.5 Conditional Call Instructions......Page 124
10.6 Conditional Return Instructions......Page 126
10.7 RSTN – Restart Instructions......Page 128
Questions......Page 130
11.1 Concept of Chip Selection......Page 132
11.2 RAM Chip–Pin Details and Address Range......Page 133
11.3 Multiple Memory Address Range......Page 134
11.4 Working of 74138 Decoder IC......Page 135
11.5 Use of 74138 to Generate Chip Select Logic......Page 136
11.6 Use of 74138 in ALS-SDA-85M Kit......Page 137
Questions......Page 138
12.1 Need for I/O Ports......Page 140
12.2 IN and OUT Instructions......Page 142
12.3 Memory-Mapped I/O......Page 143
12.5 Comparison of Memory-Mapped I/O and I/O-Mapped I/O......Page 144
Questions......Page 147
Chapter 13: Architecture of 8085......Page 148
13.1 Details of 8085 Architecture......Page 149
13.2 Instruction Cycle......Page 155
13.3 Comparison of Different Machine Cycles......Page 167
13.4 Memory Speed Requirement......Page 168
13.5 Wait State Generation......Page 175
Questions......Page 176
Part II: Assembly Language Programs......Page 178
14.1 Exchange 10 Bytes......Page 180
14.2 Add two Multi-Byte Numbers......Page 184
14.3 Add two Multi-Byte BCD Numbers......Page 186
14.4 Block Movement without Overlap......Page 189
14.5 Block Movement with Overlap......Page 190
14.6 Add N Numbers of Size 8 Bits......Page 193
14.7 Check the Fourth Bit of a Byte......Page 196
14.8 Subtract two Multi-Byte Numbers......Page 197
14.9 Multiply two numbers of Size 8 Bits......Page 199
14.10 Divide a 16-Bit Number by an 8-Bit Number......Page 202
Questions......Page 204
Chapter 15: Use of PC in Writing and Executing 8085 Programs......Page 205
15.1 Steps Needed to Run an Assembly Language Program......Page 206
15.3 Generation of .OBJ File using a Cross-Assembler......Page 210
15.4 Generation of .HEX File using a Linker......Page 212
15.5 Downloading the Machine Code to the Kit......Page 214
15.7 Running the Program using the PC as a Terminal......Page 216
Questions......Page 219
Chapter 16: Additional Assembly Language Programs......Page 220
16.1 Search for a Number using Linear Search......Page 221
16.2 Find the Smallest Number......Page 223
16.3 Compute the HCF of Two 8-Bit Numbers......Page 225
16.4 Check for ‘2 out of 5’ Code......Page 227
16.5 Convert ASCII to Binary......Page 229
16.6 Convert Binary to ASCII......Page 231
16.7 Convert BCD to Binary......Page 233
16.8 Convert Binary to BCD......Page 236
16.9 Check for Palindrome......Page 243
16.10 Compute the LCM of Two 8-Bit Numbers......Page 245
16.11 Sort Numbers using Bubble Sort......Page 248
16.12 Sort Numbers using Selection Sort......Page 250
16.13 Simulate Decimal up Counter......Page 252
16.14 Simulate Decimal down Counter......Page 255
16.15 Display Alternately 00 and FF in the Data Field......Page 256
16.16 Simulate a Real-Time Clock......Page 258
Questions......Page 261
Chapter 17: More Complex Assembly Language Programs......Page 262
17.1 Subtract Multi-Byte BCD Numbers......Page 263
17.2 Convert 16-Bit Binary to BCD......Page 265
17.3 Do an operation on Two Numbers Based on the Value of X......Page 267
17.4 Do an Operation on Two BCD Numbers Based on the Value of X......Page 270
17.5 Bubble Sort in Ascending/Descending Order as per Choice......Page 274
17.6 Selection Sort in Ascending/Descending Order as per Choice......Page 278
17.7 Add Contents of N Word Locations......Page 281
17.8 Multiply Two 8-Bit Numbers (Shift and Add Method)......Page 283
17.9 Multiply two 2-Digit BCD Numbers......Page 285
17.10 Multiply two 16-Bit Binary Numbers......Page 287
Questions......Page 289
Part III: Programmable and Non-Programmable I/O Ports......Page 290
Chapter 18: Interrupts in 8085......Page 292
18.1 Data Transfer Schemes......Page 293
18.2 General Discussion about 8085 Interrupts......Page 298
18.3 EI and DI Instructions......Page 300
18.4 INTR and INTA* Pins......Page 303
18.5 RST5.5 and RST6.5 Pins......Page 306
18.6 RST7.5 Pin......Page 307
18.7 Trap Interrupt Pin......Page 308
18.8 Execution of ‘DAD rp’ Instruction......Page 311
18.9 SIM and RIM Instructions......Page 312
18.11 Programs using Interrupts......Page 317
Questions......Page 325
19.1 Working of 8212......Page 326
19.2 Applications of 8212......Page 330
Questions......Page 337
20.1 Description of 8255 PPI......Page 338
20.2 Operational Modes of 8255......Page 342
20.3 Control Port of 8255......Page 343
20.4 Mode 1–Strobed I/O......Page 346
20.5 Mode 2–Bi-Directional I/O......Page 355
Questions......Page 357
21.1 Description of Logic Controller Interface......Page 359
21.2 Successive Approximation ADC Interface......Page 368
21.3 Dual Slope ADC Interface......Page 371
21.4 Digital to Analog Converter Interface......Page 374
21.5 Stepper Motor Interface......Page 378
Questions......Page 381
Part IV: Support Chips......Page 382
Chapter 22: Interfacing of I/O Devices......Page 384
22.1 Interfacing 7-Segment Display......Page 385
22.2 Display Interface using Serial Transfer......Page 389
22.3 Interfacing a Simple Keyboard......Page 392
22.4 Interfacing a Matrix Keyboard ......Page 395
22.5 Description of Matrix Keyboard Interface......Page 396
22.6 Intel 8279 Keyboard And Display Controller......Page 399
22.7 Programs using 8279......Page 417
Questions......Page 429
Chapter 23: Intel 8259A—Programmable Interrupt Controller......Page 431
23.1 Need for an Interrupt Controller......Page 432
23.2 Overview of the Working of 8259......Page 434
23.3 Pins of 8259......Page 436
23.4 Registers used in 8259......Page 437
23.5 Programming the 8259 with no Slaves......Page 439
23.6 Programming the 8259 with Slaves......Page 451
23.8 Architecture of 8259......Page 454
Questions......Page 455
24.1 Concept of Direct Memory Access (DMA)......Page 457
24.2 Need for DMA Data Transfer......Page 458
24.3 Description of 8257 DMA Controller Chip......Page 459
24.4 Programming the 8257......Page 461
24.5 Description of the Pins Of 8257......Page 467
24.6 Working of the 8257 DMA Controller......Page 471
24.7 State Diagram of 8085......Page 472
Questions......Page 475
25.1 Need for Programmable Interval Timer......Page 476
25.2 Description of 8253 Timer......Page 477
25.3 Programming the 8253......Page 478
25.4 Mode 0–Interrupt On Terminal Count......Page 482
25.5 Mode 1–Re-Triggerable Mono- Stable Multi......Page 483
25.6 Mode 2–Rate Generator......Page 484
25.7 Mode 3–Square Wave Generator......Page 486
25.8 Mode 4–Software-Triggered Strobe......Page 487
28.9 Mode 5–Hardware-Triggered Strobe......Page 488
Questions......Page 490
26.1 Need for USART......Page 492
26.2 Asynchronous Transmission......Page 493
26.3 Asynchronous Reception......Page 496
26.4 Synchronous Transmission......Page 498
26.6 Pin Description of 8251 USART......Page 499
26.7 Programming the 8251......Page 503
26.8 Use of SOD Pin of 8085 for Serial Transfer......Page 507
Questions......Page 508
Chapter 27: Zilog Z-80 Microprocessor......Page 510
27.1 Comparison of Intel 8080 with Intel 8085......Page 511
27.2 Programmer’s View of Z-80......Page 512
27.3 Special Features of Z-80......Page 513
27.4 Addressing Modes of Z-80......Page 514
27.5 Special Instruction Types......Page 521
27.6 Pins of Z-80......Page 532
27.7 Interrupt Structure in Z-80......Page 534
27.8 Programming Examples......Page 539
27.9 Instruction Set Summary......Page 542
Questions......Page 543
Chapter 28: Motorola M6800 Microprocessor......Page 544
28.1 Pin Description of 6800......Page 545
28.2 Programmer’s View of 6800......Page 546
28.3 Addressing Modes of 6800......Page 548
28.4 Instruction Set of 6800......Page 551
28.5 Interrupts of 6800......Page 555
28.6 Programming Examples......Page 557
Questions......Page 560
Chapter 29: 8051 Microcontroller......Page 561
29.1 Main Features of Intel 8051......Page 562
29.2 Functional Blocks of Intel 8051......Page 563
29.3 Program Memory Structure......Page 565
29.4 Data Memory Structure......Page 566
29.5 Programmer’s View of 8051......Page 571
29.6 Addressing Modes of 8051......Page 572
29.7 Instruction Set of 8051......Page 575
29.8 Programming Examples......Page 583
Questions......Page 588
Chapter 30: Advanced Topics in 8051......Page 589
30.1 Interrupt Structure of 8051......Page 590
30.2 Timers of 8051......Page 594
30.3 Serial Interface......Page 599
30.4 Structure and Operation of Ports......Page 606
30.5 Power Saving Modes of 8051......Page 610
30.6 Programming of EPROM in 8751BH......Page 612
Questions......Page 615
Bibliography......Page 616
Index......Page 618