دانلود کتاب The beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the bronze âge to the Punic wars: 1000-264 BC

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Front Cover......Page 1
The Beginnings of Rome......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
List of figures......Page 11
Lists of maps and tables......Page 13
Preface......Page 14
List of abbreviations......Page 18
1. Historical accounts......Page 21
2. The sources of our sources: lost historical accounts......Page 24
3. The sources of our sources: Greek accounts......Page 27
4. The sources of our sources: family tradition......Page 29
5. The sources of our sources: oral tradition......Page 30
6. The sources of our sources: documents and archives......Page 32
7. The reliability of the annalistic tradition......Page 36
8. The antiquarians......Page 38
9. The sources and methods of the antiquarians......Page 44
10. Archaeological evidence......Page 46
1. Early Italy......Page 51
2. The Italian Iron Age......Page 53
3. Literary evidence......Page 56
4. The languages of Italy......Page 61
5. Who were the Etruscans?......Page 65
1. Archaeology in Rome and Old Latium: the nature of the evidence......Page 68
2. The character of the settlements......Page 73
3. The ancient tradition......Page 77
4. The origin of the legends: Romulus and Remus......Page 80
5. The origin of the legends: Aeneas and the Trojans......Page 83
6. The origin of the legends: Evander and Hercules......Page 88
7. The historical value of the legends......Page 90
8. Archaic formulae and institutional \'fossils\'......Page 93
9. The Sabines and early Rome......Page 95
10. Rome\'s Indo-European heritage......Page 97
11. Conclusions......Page 100
1. Aristocrats, clans, and the \'orientalising\' phase......Page 101
2. Greek colonisation and its effects......Page 106
3. Urbanisation......Page 112
4. The city-state: theoretical problems......Page 117
5. Literacy and its uses: the calendar of Numa......Page 123
6. Changes in funerary practice......Page 125
7. Sanctuaries......Page 128
8. Institutions......Page 134
1. The seven kings......Page 139
2. The chronology of the regal period: general......Page 141
3. The chronology of the regal period: the Tarquin dynasty......Page 142
4. The Tarquins: a new phase of Roman history?......Page 147
5. Who was Servius Tullius?......Page 150
6. The nature of kingship at Rome......Page 161
7. Adventurers and tyrants......Page 163
1. \'Etruscheria\'......Page 171
2. Etruscan rule in Latium and Campania......Page 173
3. The Tarquins and the nature of Etruscan rule in Rome......Page 176
4. Etruscan cultural domination......Page 179
5. Rome and Etruscan culture: alternative models......Page 183
6. The evidence of the sources......Page 185
7. Conclusion......Page 189
1. The local tribes......Page 193
2. The centuriate organisation......Page 199
3. The origins of the centuriate organisation: Fraccaro\'s theory......Page 201
4. The hoplite phalanx......Page 203
5. Subsequent developments......Page 206
6. Centuries and tribes: the problem......Page 210
7. Centuries and tribes: a possible solution......Page 212
8. Political implications of the centuriate reform......Page 214
1. The walls of Rome......Page 218
2. The sacred boundary and the \'city of the four regions\'......Page 222
3. Territory and population......Page 224
4. \'La grande Roma dei Tarquinii\'......Page 228
5. The treaty between Rome and Carthage......Page 230
1. The expulsion of the kings......Page 235
2. The problem of chronology......Page 238
3. The \'departure of the Etruscans\'......Page 243
4. The new republic......Page 246
5. Other Italian republics......Page 250
6. The separation of political and religious functions......Page 252
7. Conclusion......Page 256
Appendix: a note on the Regia......Page 259
1. The nature of the problem......Page 262
2. The patricians, the Senate, and the cavalry......Page 265
3. The origin and nature of patrician privilege......Page 271
4. The \'closing of the patriciate\'......Page 272
5. The rise of the plebs......Page 276
6. The \'state within the state\'......Page 278
7. Plebeian grievances: debt and food shortages......Page 285
8. Plebeian grievances: agrarian problems......Page 288
1. The Decemvirate......Page 292
2. The Valerio-Horatian Laws......Page 296
3. The nature of the code......Page 298
4. The laws: slavery, debt and nexum......Page 300
5. The laws: family and property......Page 304
6. The laws: economic implications......Page 307
7. The laws: social distinctions......Page 308
1. Rome and the Latin League......Page 313
2. The foedus Cassianum and its consequences......Page 319
3. Early Latin colonies......Page 321
4. The incursions of the Sabines, Aequi and Volsci......Page 324
5. The conflict between Rome and Veii......Page 329
6. The Gallic catastrophe......Page 333
7. The Roman recovery......Page 338
8. The beginnings of Roman expansion......Page 342
1. Economic and social problems: public land......Page 347
2. Economic and social problems: the debt crisis......Page 350
3. The Licinio-Sextian Rogations......Page 353
4. The rise of the nobility......Page 360
1. The outbreak of the Samnite Wars......Page 365
2. The Latin revolt and its consequences......Page 367
3. The Second Samnite War......Page 372
4. The Roman conquest ofcentral Italy......Page 375
5. The battle of Sentinum and its consequences......Page 379
6. The invasion of Pyrrhus and the unification of Italy......Page 383
7. The nature of Roman control in Italy and the dynamics of imperialism......Page 384
1. The transformation of the state......Page 389
2. The career of Appius Claudius Caecus......Page 393
3. The Lex Hortensia and its effects......Page 397
4. Economic developments......Page 400
5. Epilogue: Roman society and culture on the eve of the Punic Wars......Page 410
Appendix: a note on early roman chronology......Page 419
Notes......Page 423
Bibliography......Page 492
Index......Page 512