دانلود کتاب The Cambridge Companion to Arabic Philosophy (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy)

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Cover......Page 1
Title page......Page 6
contents......Page 8
notes on contributors......Page 10
note on the text......Page 14
Chronology of major philosophers in the arabic tradition......Page 16
1 Introduction - Peter Adamson and Richard C. Taylor......Page 20
the Greek inheritance......Page 21
the classical period......Page 23
the post-Avicennian tradition......Page 25
Plotinus: a new reading of Plato......Page 29
Post-Plotinian Platonism: from the “harmony between Plato and Aristotle” to the late antique corpus of philosophical texts......Page 32
The schools......Page 37
The translations......Page 39
Arabic neoplatonism: a key to understanding falsafa......Page 43
3 Al-Kindi and the reception of Greek philosophy - Peter Adamson......Page 51
metaphysics as theology......Page 53
psychology......Page 58
Cosmology and Astrology......Page 61
Optics......Page 63
al-Kindi and Islam......Page 65
life and works......Page 71
metaphysics and cosmology......Page 75
psychology and the soul......Page 79
logic and the education of the philosopher......Page 84
5 The Isma‘ilis - Paul E. Walker......Page 91
the historical context......Page 92
the philosophical doctrines of the major figures......Page 97
6 Avicenna and the Avicennian Tradition - Robert Wisnovsky......Page 111
background and education......Page 113
what is the soul and how does it cause the body?......Page 115
essence and existence......Page 124
the necessary of existence in itself......Page 132
Sources......Page 134
Objectives......Page 138
Evolution......Page 141
Legacy......Page 146
7 Al-Ghazali - Michael E. Marmura......Page 156
life and career......Page 157
Ghazali and the ash‘arites......Page 160
the Incoherence......Page 162
causality......Page 164
occasionalism in the Ihyà......Page 168
ibn Bajja (Avempace)......Page 174
Philosophy and the classification of sciences......Page 176
Philosophy of nature......Page 179
The metaphysics of forms......Page 180
Political philosophy......Page 183
ibn Tufayl......Page 184
The search for the origins of human life......Page 187
The search for the Creator and union with him......Page 189
The breaking point: Sufism prevails......Page 191
Conclusion: the defense of Sufi and philosophical activity......Page 192
9 Averroes: religious dialectic and Aristotelian philosophical thought - Richard C. Taylor......Page 199
religious dialectic and philosophy......Page 201
aristotelian philosophical thought......Page 208
Suhrawardi and his career......Page 220
Suhrawardi’s writings and the transition from peripatetic to illuminationist philosophy......Page 222
the nominalist intuition and the critique of Avicenna......Page 226
the metaphysics of illuminationist neoplatonism......Page 229
the politics of illuminationism......Page 235
the illuminationist school......Page 236
11 Mysticism and philosophy: Ibn ‘Arabi and Mulla Sadra - Sajjad H. Rizvi......Page 243
ibn ‘Arabi and Mulla Sadra......Page 245
mysticism and/or philosophy......Page 247
ontology: the grades of unitary reality......Page 252
epistemology: via negativa and realist skepticism......Page 258
soteriology: a salvational psychology......Page 260
12 Logic - Tony Street......Page 266
preliminary considerations......Page 267
the tradition of logic and the madrasa......Page 268
The form and substance of the tradition......Page 269
The study of logic......Page 271
contents of the Shamsiyya......Page 273
the modal syllogistic......Page 275
The Farabian tradition......Page 276
The Avicennian tradition......Page 278
the nature of later arabic logic......Page 280
13 Ethical and political philosophy - Charles E. Butterworth......Page 285
Al-Kindi......Page 286
Al-Razi......Page 291
al-Farabi’s moral and political teaching......Page 294
Avicenna......Page 299
Averroes......Page 300
14 Natural philosophy - Marwan Rashed......Page 306
the beginnings: the debate between abu al-Hudhayl and al-Nazzam (ca. 830 c.e.)......Page 307
abu al-Hudhayl’s followers (ca. 900–ca.1050 c.e.)......Page 309
al-Nazzam and Thabit ibn Qurra......Page 312
The controversy over the “law” of motion......Page 314
Impetus (mayl)......Page 316
The question of actual infinity......Page 317
post-avicennian kalam: an overview......Page 321
the nature of the soul and its relation to the body......Page 327
soul as a principle of cognition......Page 330
intellect......Page 336
the soul as a principle of motion: appetite and practical intellect......Page 341
16 Metaphysics - Thérèse-Anne Druart......Page 346
al-Kindi......Page 347
Al-Farabi’s understanding of Aristotle’s Metaphysics......Page 351
Al-Farabi’s conception of metaphysics......Page 352
al-F. and the categories......Page 354
Being qua being and its concomitants......Page 356
The distinction between physical and metaphysical efficient causes......Page 357
The priority of the final cause and the distinction between “being” and “thing”......Page 359
The material and the formal causes......Page 360
al-Ghazali......Page 361
The Incoherence......Page 363
falsafa in andalusia......Page 364
the beginnings of medieval jewish philosophy......Page 368
the divergent paths of medieval islamic and jewish philosophy......Page 369
how did the falasifa come to influence hebrew philosophy?......Page 373
the influence of the political teachings of the falasifa......Page 374
the art of writing of the falasifa and their jewish followers......Page 376
the genre of supercommentary: Gersonides and his school......Page 380
the waning of the influence of the falasifa on jewish thought......Page 382
18 Arabic into Latin: the reception of Arabic philosophy into Western Europe - Charles Burnett......Page 389
arabic falsafa as the conduit of aristotelian philosophy......Page 391
arabic traditions independent of the aristotelian corpus......Page 395
the thirteenth century......Page 400
para-philosophical works......Page 402
late medieval and renaissance translations of arabic philosophical works......Page 404
Arabic philosophical works translated into Latin before ca. 1600......Page 410
19 Recent trends in Arabic and Persian philosophy......Page 424
systematic philosophy......Page 426
Sa'in al-Din and the harmony of religion and philosophy......Page 432
philosophical problems in recent arabic and persian texts......Page 434
Select bibliography and further reading......Page 445
Back cover......Page 461