دانلود کتاب The Hand and the Brain: From Lucy's Thumb to the Thought-Controlled Robotic Hand

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Preface......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 10
Contents......Page 12
Chapter 1: Fins, Fossils and Fingers......Page 16
A Fish Approaching Land......Page 17
Tiktaalik......Page 18
References......Page 20
Chapter 2: The Hand, the Brain and Man’s Travel in Time......Page 21
The Origin of Man: A Prestigious Story......Page 23
Africa: Our Original Homeland......Page 24
Lucy......Page 25
Ardi: Our Earliest Ancestor......Page 27
Homo habilis : The ‘Handy Man’......Page 29
Homo erectus : The Upright-Walking Man......Page 30
The Neanderthals......Page 32
The Hobbit from Flores: Homo floresiensis......Page 34
A Little Finger from an Unknown Prehistoric Relative......Page 35
How Did We Become Bipeds?......Page 36
The Savannah Hypothesis......Page 37
The Aquatic Ape Hypothesis......Page 38
Homo sapiens : The Wise Man......Page 39
Out of Africa......Page 40
References......Page 41
Chapter 3: The Hand, the Brain and Tools......Page 45
Homo Handmade......Page 48
References......Page 49
Chapter 4: How the Hand Generated Language......Page 51
References......Page 53
Chapter 5: Handprints from the Past......Page 55
The Hand in the Cave......Page 56
Hands and Rock Carvings......Page 58
Stones with Hand Signs......Page 60
References......Page 61
Chapter 6: The Intelligent Hand: An Extension of the Brain......Page 63
A Mirror of the Soul......Page 65
The Hand and the Art of Medicine......Page 70
The Intelligent Hand......Page 74
The Symbolic Value of the Hand......Page 76
Extending the Hand Through Technology......Page 78
References......Page 79
Chapter 7: Touch......Page 80
The Seeing Hand......Page 84
Sensory Feedback......Page 87
Sensation and Balance......Page 89
Sensation and Body Ownership......Page 90
Protective Sensibility......Page 91
Pain: The Gift Nobody Wants......Page 92
Vittangi Disease: Congenital Insensitivity to Pain......Page 93
References......Page 94
Chapter 8: The Sensational Brain......Page 96
Somatosensory Cortex......Page 99
The Cortical Hand Map......Page 101
References......Page 103
Chapter 9: How the Hand Shapes the Brain......Page 105
Confusion in the Cortical Hand Representation......Page 107
How a Local Anaesthetic Cream, Applied to the Forearm, Can Improve Hand Sensibility......Page 109
Nerve-Injured Hands......Page 110
References......Page 112
Chapter 10: The Interaction of the Senses......Page 115
The Multisensory Brain......Page 117
Sight and Sensation......Page 118
Reading Hands......Page 119
Listening Hands......Page 122
Synaesthesia......Page 123
The Rubber Hand Phenomenon......Page 124
Helen Keller......Page 126
References......Page 127
Chapter 11: Mirrors in the Brain......Page 128
Imitation and Learning......Page 129
Understanding the Intentions of Others......Page 130
Mirroring Touch......Page 131
Action Words......Page 132
Motor Imagery......Page 133
Hand and Mouth in Cooperation......Page 134
References......Page 135
Chapter 12: Creative Hands......Page 137
The Hand, the Brain and the Creative Mind......Page 141
One Hand Missing......Page 144
A Difficult Task for the Brain......Page 146
Musicians’ Brains......Page 147
Changes in the Cortical Hand Representation......Page 148
The Multisensory Brain......Page 149
The Extended Hand......Page 150
References......Page 152
Chapter 13: Right Hand or Left Hand?......Page 154
Being Left-Handed......Page 155
How Long Has Left-Handedness Existed?......Page 157
How Early in Life Does Left-Handedness Occur and What Is the Reason?......Page 158
Was Lucy Right- or Left-Handed?......Page 159
References......Page 161
Chapter 14: Losing a Hand......Page 163
What Happens in the Brain After a Hand Amputation?......Page 164
Mirror Training: A Way to Treat Phantom Pain......Page 166
Hand Replantation......Page 167
The Salamander Hand......Page 169
References......Page 171
Chapter 15: Hand Transplantation......Page 173
Hand Transplantation from an International Perspective......Page 175
A Controversial Procedure......Page 177
The Future......Page 178
References......Page 179
Chapter 16: The Mind-Controlled Robotic Hand......Page 181
Controlling an Artificial Hand Through Direct Recordings from the Brain......Page 183
Controlling an Artificial Hand Using Electrodes Implanted in a Nerve......Page 185
Intuitively Controlling an Artificial Hand Through EMG Signals: Myoelectric Prostheses......Page 186
How to Provide a Hand Prosthesis with Sensory Feedback?......Page 189
References......Page 193
Index......Page 199